The recent shift in focus to operational medicine and the implementation of Tricare has hit general surgery and it's subspecialties hard. Everyone who depends on the over-65 population for their big cases will be hurting.
CT has a VERY thin case load and I can't imagine that programs outside Walter Reed and Wilford Hall will be around much longer. Vascular is in a similar boat, but made slightly better by taking on endovascular/angio work. Surg. onc. is going away. I think there is one surg. oncologist left in the AF and one in training. Plastics seems to have some work because there are a fair number of breast CA cases requiring reconstruction, as well as a potentially endless demand for cosmetic procedures. All the Gen. surg. subspecialties can deploy as general surgeons so they are not protected.
I agree with military MD's comments about the lack of tech. support, but it doesn't neccessarily bother me that much. What kills surgical subs. is the lack of quality support from other subspecialists, nursing, and hospital administration. You can't do a Whipple without well-trained GI guys to do an ERCP. You can't fix an AAA without a well-staffed ICU with EXPERIENCED nurses (i.e. ones who are more than a year out of training). The administration certainly isn't interested in buying equipment to do the latest, greatest endovascular procedure. Most importantly, in surgery, you need experienced colleagues around when the sh** hits the fan, and there is really no one around with more than three years of solid clinical experience.
The former AF surgeon general, P.K. Carlton, referred to the current situation at military medical centers as a "death spiral." That is, you start downsizing one specialty, like cardiology, then CT surg. has nothing to do and closes up. Then pulmonary/CCM has no one to do lung biopsies and are downsized out, then there is no one to manage the ICU, and so on. Pretty soon all that's left is a bunch of clinics.
That being said, I think ENT, URO, and OPTHO are probably in a better position than General Surgery to maintain skills and have a reasonably busy practice.