I wouldn't worry about this. We definitely don't need to know which codons correspond to which amino acids.
On the MCAT, you don't need to know the specific codons but if you get a codon table in a passage based question I think you'll have to read it (correct me if I'm wrong). The information has to be provided somehow though to answer this question, you don't need to memorize the specific codons except you should know the stop codons. I'm assuming more information was provided somehow that is not in the screenshot.
Regardless, the question is basically asking you pairing questions between the transcription of DNA to mRNA.
You need to know that transcription goes as follows:
DNA --> mRNA
A --> U
T --> A
C --> G
G --> C
The question is telling you that C, cytosine is not present in this double helix. So anything that has to have a C to be transcribed will not be found in the protein.
TTT --> AAA Lysine (no C's).
AAA ---> UUU Phenylalanine (no C's)
AAT ---> UUA Leucine (no C's)
ACC ----> UGG ** has a C in the DNA so it's impossible it would be present on a DNA strand with no cytosine
The question is pertaining to a double helix, but more specifically it's pertaining to a double helix being transcribed by mRNA.
