I don't think that residency programs are only for the top notch vet students. The great thing about vet medicine is that you don't have to do an internship or residency program to practice medicine. If you want to specialize, then you can, but you don't have to. In fact, there are a lot of pros and cons to doing each side. There isn't any specialty in "dogs" though, so I'm not sure exactly what you are looking for, and every vet school in the US has a general curriculum where you will learn about all species (dog, cat, horse, cow, pig, sheep, goat, birds, plus more) and that will never change until the National Board Exams change. Some schools offer tracking in certain areas (such as small animal, large animal, equine, exotics) but that depends. You can become board certified in Feline Practice and only work on cats, and I"m sure if you wanted to only work on dogs you would be able to. I think that a lot of students go on to do internships, but a much smaller percentage of those students go on to do a residency. Internships seem to be in vogue now, at least at my vet school. It's not a given that you will match, but if you put the work in, it will happen. Also, what you want now, may be very different that what you want after being in school. Specialization in vet med is a lot different than human med and you need to see all sides of it. I've seen it in vet schools and private practices and I've worked in regular DVM non-speciality practices and like I said, there's pros and cons to each.