What are high ranked research focused schools looking for in a PI letter?

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fdwy13

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I did 2500+ hours of research - don’t have any publications but did make significant contributions to the research. The research is not lab based - it is focused on clinical interventions / underserved populations.
My PI asked me to describe what they want me to talk about in the LOR.

Questions:
1. Will a strong PI LOR help overcome the lack of publications at high ranked/research focused schools?
2. If so, what could be included in the PI LOR that would make me more competitive for those schools?
 
I did 2500+ hours of research - don’t have any publications but did make significant contributions to the research. The research is not lab based - it is focused on clinical interventions / underserved populations.
My PI asked me to describe what they want me to talk about in the LOR.

Questions:
1. Will a strong PI LOR help overcome the lack of publications at high ranked/research focused schools?
2. If so, what could be included in the PI LOR that would make me more competitive for those schools?

What were you working on for 2500 hours that had no end product to communicate to others?
 
What were you working on for 2500 hours that had no end product to communicate to others?

There are a couple explanations:
1. I have three poster presentations
2. They’re longitudinal multi year interventions - it takes a really long time to publish.
3. I didn’t realize the importance of being named on a paper until recently (bad advice from a premed advisor who told me pubs aren’t important as long as I’m doing research I care about. Was foolish of me to believe without doing further research on my own but you live and you learn) so there have been papers that I made significant contributions to but was not named on. I’ve since learned to advocate for myself - the work I’m doing right now I will be named on but this won’t be published for a while.
 
[mention]Goro [/mention] [mention]LizzyM [/mention] [mention]gyngyn [/mention] I would love to hear your perspectives as adcoms too!
 
There are a couple explanations:
1. I have three poster presentations
2. They’re longitudinal multi year interventions - it takes a really long time to publish.
3. I didn’t realize the importance of being named on a paper until recently (bad advice from a premed advisor who told me pubs aren’t important as long as I’m doing research I care about. Was foolish of me to believe without doing further research on my own but you live and you learn) so there have been papers that I made significant contributions to but was not named on. I’ve since learned to advocate for myself - the work I’m doing right now I will be named on but this won’t be published for a while.
This is a bummer, but I'm glad you've learned to advocate for yourself. A few points:

1) Your PI can highlight the fact that you've presented 3 posters. Not the same as pubs, but going through the process of putting a poster together and being able to present it is notable.
2) Your PI can cite the papers that you contributed to but were not named as an author in, and highlight " @fdwy13 specifically contributed to experiments depicted in figures 1 and 2 (or whatever)."
3) PI can name the contributions you've made to current projects and say what you've said here, that these are multi-year projects that will be impactful but will take a long time to be published.

Above all, your PI needs to be specific. Make it clear that you were an active contributor, not just along for the ride. That sort of material is worth much more than flowery language like "he's wonderful, driven, hard-working," etc.
Many professors just don't publish undergrads. Some projects also take more than 2500 hours to reach a publication.
There is a reason that less than 5% of applicants have a publication.
I've seen this posted a few times, and just want to highlight that this is bad publishing ethics. People who contribute at the level to deserve authorship should get authorship, period. Doesn't mean that things like this don't happen, but undergrads should absolutely feel comfortable advocating for authorship for themselves. Specifically, have a conversation early on with your PI and ask what you can do to make an author-worthy contribution to an ongoing project. Doesn't guarantee you will get authorship, but it will at least let you know the bar you need to clear if you want to make it onto the paper. These conversations can be daunting as a trainee and especially as an undergrad since you're at the bottom of the totem pole, but you can glean much more meaningful information from an early conversation when you can still set a goal to contribute and get authorship rather than discussing at the end when the project is basically wrapped up.
 
Here's what we are looking for in a PI letter:

What did you do? Was it dishwashing and housekeeping or did you have a more substantial role?
Did you take direction well? Were you willing to learn new things and to practice and improve your skills? What skills did you acquire?
Did you deal well with frustration and disappointment? An example is always helpful and illustrative.
Were you a team player and someone who could be depended on to lend a hand? Again, and example is helpful here.
If you were there long enough, did you assume a leadership or mentorship role in bringing along the newer members of the team?
 
Ideally, the PI letter would talk about your involvement in the research and your abilities as a scientist. It shouldn't review all the scutwork you've done but rather the innovative things and the projects you've led. It should paint you as a leader and someone with strong scientific abilities.
 
You don't need publications (really a lot of luck involved at the undergrad level with timing of projects), posters are a great way to show output at the premed level.

Did you WOW the PI? Did they think you would've made a great PhD student (if you were to pursue one)? Did they think you were one of the hardest working undergrads? The most helpful to the lab and to others in the lab? These sort of remarks can go a long way - I don't think most undergrads really make any meaningful intellectual contributions in the majority of labs. If you're a good worker that can follow instructions down to a T and take some initiative to excel, that puts you ahead of the curve IMO
 
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