Blade28 said:
All surgeons?
Or is it OK to have one or two non-surgeons in there?
Are letters from Internal Medicine docs heavily frowned upon?
The best letters to have are:
one from your chairman
two (or more) from surgeons that you worked with and really know you well
The best letters are from surgeons who know you well and like you, and who have serious burn in the academic world. Don't pick a letter writer just because you like them. It sucks, but a great letter from a well-known surgeon (even if you are not particularly close), is much better than a great letter from an unknown surgeon. The caveat here is that you want to avoid getting a generic boiler plate type letter from a well-known surgeon over a great letter from an unknown. In that case, it's better to go with the unknown surgeon in my opinion.
A letter from a medicine attending is not a great idea. But, if you really kicked ass on medicine, and the medicine doctor writes you an amazing letter, then I think it wouldn't hurt you too much. The problem is that surgery program directors have to sift through a crap-load of applications, and letters from non-surgeons might be just another reason to weed your app out. Surgery is still a pretty conservative field. Change the question up a bit and imagine if you were applying for say, psychiatry. Would you ask a surgeon to write one of your letters? Probably not.
When I applied through ERAS in 2002, I think that you could only use 3 letters. I asked my chairman, and 2 other surgeons to write for me. And, I was asked about my letter writers at ~70% of my interviews. The program director/chairman club is a relatively small one (especially regionally), and it seems like everyone knows everyone. I didn't have any superfamous letter-writers, but I was surprised how many people on the east coast knew who they were. At the program where I eventually matched, the chairman had gone to medical school, and residency with one of my letter-writers! Freaked me out at the time... But in retrospect, maybe I should recommend getting at least one really old guy who's been an academic for his whole life to write for you...lol. Chances are, *someone* will know him!
I hope this helps.