I agree, but aacomas guidelines has specific rules for this. They say the first deadline to pay should be by dec. 15 and not sooner. Some schools accept as soon as August! Then give only 2-4 weeks to put a deposit down. I agree with the concept of deposits for sure, but not like this.
So, imagine you are one of the people who actually desperately wants that spot. Imagine that people who don't *really* want the spot, but just want to have a safety in their pocket, can hold that spot and keep it from being offered to you.
Imagine that you are the school and you are seeking commitments to fill your class. Imagine that there are a lot of people who would love to hold onto a seat as a safety and are perfectly happy to waste your time and resources pretending that they want to join your class, but really, they'd rather go somewhere else if they could.
You have the ability to not pay big deposits. Just don't pay them. But ouch! That comes with a cost! You might end up with nothing.
Or you can pay the deposit, hold a spot that you may not really want, inconveniencing some other student who wants the seat there AND the school who wants that seat to be filled with someone who wants to be there. That comes with a cost for them. They make up that cost by asking you to put down a deposit.
The reason deposits are lower at MD schools is that they don't have so much of the problem of med students pursuing them *primarily* as a back up, if their attempt to get into a DO school fails? The reason there is a relative differential is that there is a higher relative risk for them that you don't really want to attend.
If a school does give a refund, or even a partial refund, they are being very, very kind.
If you go to buy a house, you may have to put down a deposit to keep another buyer from being able to snipe it out from under you. Your deposit is actually purchasing something for you... exclusivity in doing the deal. If you reneg on the deal because the house you really wanted becomes available and go whine to the seller that you'd like your deposit back, they aren't going to nicely hand it back to you. You cost them opportunities to sell to someone else while they were working up the deal with you.
The same thing with medical school. Your deposit is buying exclusive rights to the seat they offered you. It is a way to say, yes... I want it. If you don't really, it will get expensive for you. That is a feature, not a bug.