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“The 100 Most Eminent Psychologists of the 20th Century” published by Haggbloom et al.
in 20021. Based on this study, which used six criteria to measure the eminence of psychologists, such as citations, awards, and textbooks, here is a sample tier list of psychologists:
S Tier: B. F. Skinner, Jean Piaget, Sigmund Freud, Albert Bandura, Leon Festinger, Carl Rogers, Stanley Schachter, Neal E. Miller, Edward Thorndike, Abraham Maslow, Gordon Allport, Erik Erikson, Hans Eysenck, William James, David McClelland, Raymond Cattell, John B. Watson, Kurt Lewin, Donald O. Hebb, George A. Miller
A Tier: Jerome Bruner, Noam Chomsky, Harry Harlow, Roger Sperry, Robert Zajonc, Endel Tulving, Leon Kamin, Solomon Asch, D. E. Broadbent, Herbert Simon, Michael Posner, Edward E. Smith, Anne Treisman, Ulric Neisser, Elizabeth Loftus, Howard Gardner, Martin Seligman, James McGaugh, Larry Squire, Brenda Milner
B Tier: Walter Mischel, Donald Norman, Roger Shepard, Robert Sternberg, Amos Tversky, Daniel Kahneman, Richard Lazarus, Paul Ekman, Robert Rosenthal, Edward Deci, Richard Ryan, Albert Ellis, Aaron Beck, Hans J. Eysenck, Rollo May, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Anna Freud, Melanie Klein
C Tier: Clark Hull, Ivan Pavlov, Edward Tolman, Wolfgang Köhler, Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, Hermann Ebbinghaus, Alfred Binet, Charles Spearman, Lewis Terman, David Wechsler, Arthur Jensen, Robert Yerkes, John Dewey, Maria Montessori, Lev Vygotsky, Lawrence Kohlberg, Carol Gilligan, Eleanor Maccoby, Sandra Bem
D Tier: Kenneth Spence, Neal E. Miller, Robert Rescorla, Edward C. Tolman, John Garcia, Richard Solomon, Robert Bolles, Martin Seligman, Steven Maier, Robert Ader, Nicholas Spanos, Ernest Hilgard, Theodore Barber, Martin Orne, Stanley Milgram, Philip Zimbardo, Robert Rosenthal, Irving Janis, Muzafer Sherif, Morton Deutsch
E Tier: Charles Osgood, George Kelly, Julian Rotter, Walter Mischel, Albert Bandura, Fritz Heider, Harold Kelley, John Thibaut, Eliot Aronson, Robert Cialdini, Richard Nisbett, Lee Ross, Anthony Greenwald, Timothy Wilson, Richard Petty, John Cacioppo, Icek Ajzen, Martin Fishbein, Shelley Taylor, Susan Fiske
F Tier: James Olds, Richard Davidson, Joseph LeDoux, Antonio Damasio, Jaak Panksepp, Kent Berridge, Terry Robinson, Kent Berridge, Robert Sapolsky, Candace Pert, Paul MacLean, Michael Gazzaniga, Roger Sperry, Jerre Levy, Marian Diamond, Elizabeth Gould, Bruce McEwen, Robert Sapolsky, Joseph LeDoux, Antonio Damasio
Note that this tier list is based on one study and may not reflect the current or consensus views of the field of psychology. There may be other factors that affect the ranking of psychologists, such as their impact on society, culture, or policy, their contributions to specific subfields or domains, or their popularity among the general public or students. Therefore, this tier list should not be taken as a definitive or authoritative source, but rather as a starting point for further exploration and discussion.