1- How do OT's enter the workforce after graduating? Do they get residency training and a job position right after school like MD's , or do OT's have to get in internships for experience before they can be considered for a job?
Hi there, I'm not Dan, but I was perusing this thread (he hasn't responded in awhile, it seems), but I can answer this question for you. When you are in OT school, you will be required to do four fieldwork rotations, which begin your second year of the program (for an MSOT, anyway). They can be in just about any area of practice that you like, as long as your school can set up a contract at a site and as long as the school does not have any other stipulations as to where you must go. However, it's sometimes recommended that you spread out your experiences and don't focus on one population or area of practice for all four sites (ie, don't do all pediatrics). ACOTE (the accreditation body for OT schools) now requires that one of the four have a mental health focus, however, this may not be at an actual mental health facility, since even in a major city, those jobs are few and far between, due to lack of funds. So in reality, you will probably be at a site, say a SNF, where you will focus on the mental health aspects of your client. The four rotations are divided into two sets - Level I and Level II. ACOTE has published standards for Level I vs Level II, but basically, Level II means more independent work compared to Level I, from what I understand. I am only just beginning my second year and have not yet started fieldwork, but my sites are being locked down as I speak! (I have my last Level II already under contract!) However, once you have completed your fieldwork requirements, that's it. Once you pass the NBCOT, you can theoretically get a job right away. Most programs will probably tell you to choose Level II sites in an area of practice where you'd like to get a job - many students I've talked to say they get job solicitations from their fieldwork sites before they graduate. There are a few specialties that require additional training and certification - ie, to become a CHT (certified hand therapist), you have to have been working for, I believe, five years, and then there is additional study and testing required. But unlike med school, we are trained as generalists, so that if you want to switch from one area of practice to another, it's possible without doing another residency. Obviously, personal experience, volunteering and jobs outside of school probably help boost your chances if you want to go into a certain area, but upon passing the NBCOT, you are eligible for licensing and employment.
Re: the salary question - the answer is "it depends". Depending on where you live and what area of practice you want, it varies. Schools typically pay less, SNFs pay well, you can make a lot of money if you want to travel to under-served areas of the country (ie, the middle of nowhere). I would research what the salaries are for your area. And whatever you do, DON'T read the message boards on Indeed.com - it's full of burnt out angry people griping about stupid stuff.