Check out:
http://www.usmle.org/bulletin/2004/communicating.htm#reps and from the FSMB:
Step 3 Eligibility Requirements
The USMLE program requires the following to be completed prior to submitting a Step 3 application:
Obtain an M.D. degree (or its equivalent) or a D.O. degree (or its equivalent).
Pass both USMLE Steps 1 and 2.
If a graduate of a foreign medical school, obtain certification by the ECFMG or successfully complete a "Fifth Pathway" program.
Meet the requirements for taking Step 3 imposed by the individual licensing authority to which you are applying to sit Step 3.
You must be eligible to sit for Step 3 at the time you submit the application.
If you have taken the Step 3 previously, you may not reapply prior to 60 days from the date of the prior Step 3 administration.
The USMLE program limits all individuals to three attempts at a Step within a 12 month period. You may not apply for a fourth attempt at Step 3 prior to the expiration of 12 months from the date of the first Step 3 administration.
I think pretty sure that each state has it own rules. I know that some students have taken the step III just after the step II...some first yer resd.
good luck