jtank said:
is there a major difference between the two? viola is bigger than violin and smaller than cello right?
All are in the violin family. The viola is the hardest to play because it requires the violin hand-arm position, but has longer strings, and so is harder to manipulate. The viola also has the least power, which is the reason why it is not favored by composers for virtuoso music.
The violin is the smallest of the three and the highest. A great deal of virtuoso music was written for it.
The cello is built like the violin but has a squarer bow, deeper ribs, and a shorter tail (is that the right term?). It's stronger than the viola (although it's deeper) because its much larger cavity allows greater resonance. It, too, has a lot of virtuoso music written for it, but much less so than for the violin.
All violins are tuned in 5ths.
The double-bass is not a violin. It is a hybrid between the violin and the viol. You can see this in several ways: the bow is shaped very differently and is sometimes bowed underhanded (like the viol), the shoulders are not rounded as in the violins, but are rather sloping downward. And it is tuned in 4ths.
There are also some other instruments that look a lot like the violins, such as the viola de gamba, which differ in subtle ways. The viola de gamba looks very much like a cello, but has shallower ribs (I think?) and has a flat back instead of the rounded back of the violins.