Dural puncture avoidance

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oof, sorry to hear that
Definitely oof'd, possibly even audibly during the procedure. The patient ended up being totally fine afterwards so I can laugh about it now but definitely not one of my proudest moments. It's also probably the most compelling example I've had where the "puffs of contrast" technique advocated here would have prevented it.

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CLO. 20g Tuohy or a smaller spinal needle. Contrast in 3 mL syringe. Gentle pressure on plunger as I advance into space. Haven’t used a glass syringe in months.

Goes without saying, but don’t do this technique with gadolinium.
I reviewed a case where the injectionist used gadolinium for the contrast. Chose gad becasue the chart had the patient having a "dye allergy"
Of course the injectionist went intrathecal and injected gad intrathecally and complications ensued.

How many of you all choose gadolinium for your dye in a supposed dye allergy patient
 
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I reviewed a case where the injectionist used gadolinium for the contrast. Chose gad becasue the chart had the patient having a "dye allergy"
Of course the injectionist went intrathecal and injected gad intrathecally and complications ensued.

How many of you all choose gadolinium for your dye in a supposed dye allergy patient
no gad for interlaminar

will use less than 1cc of gad for TFESI
 
I reviewed a case where the injectionist used gadolinium for the contrast. Chose gad becasue the chart had the patient having a "dye allergy"
Of course the injectionist went intrathecal and injected gad intrathecally and complications ensued.

How many of you all choose gadolinium for your dye in a supposed dye allergy patient
Air epidurogram if IL, no contrast if TF w/dex
 
Air is very clearly visible on CLO. Never seen air then not have good contrast flow. Use dex if you want to be extra careful.

With TF, if tip is at 6 o'clock on AP and anterior half of foramen on lat, chances of IT are next to none. Chances of vascular very slim, no worries if dex.
 
i would argue that TFESI without contrast relying purely on needle placement is still problematic.

for ESI, we do thousands of labor epidurals blind with no contrast.

i have never used nor ever found benefit for gad.

but we do have bottles of ProHance that are about to expire, if anyone wants......
 
Go far paramedian. Thecal sac usually tapers so much that you have ample room on the sides, very safe. Better chance of ventral flow too. I love L5-S1 IL for S1 radic due to lateral recess herniation, lasts longer than TF.
I am not proud to say this, but I actually got a discogram doing this a few months ago. Patient had a large paracentral disc herniation, I did a far lateral ILESI (was unable to do a TFESI due to some insurance reasons). Never got LOR, never got CSF but was (unpleasantly) surprised to see disc pattern.

It makes sense you can go further lateral at L5-S1. I agree it is great for delivering depomedrol to L5-S1 disc and l4-l5 severe stenosis.

However, 2 of my 3 lifetime wet taps were quite lateral at L5-S1. Not sure what I’m failing to account for?
 
I reviewed a case where the injectionist used gadolinium for the contrast. Chose gad becasue the chart had the patient having a "dye allergy"
Of course the injectionist went intrathecal and injected gad intrathecally and complications ensued.

How many of you all choose gadolinium for your dye in a supposed dye allergy patient

I did very early in practice. But haven’t for over decade. Gad is not worth the risk, ever. Better to accidentally inject dex IT, than the risk of gas.

For reported contrast allergy patients I do one of three things. 1- skip contrast, 2- premedicate with steroids/benadryl, or 3- disprove that they have a contrast allergy. I do a TPI with contrast on a different day if I’m highly skeptical of true contrast allergy. (If more uncertain then I send for formal allergy testing).

I consider it a civic duty to disprove BS contrast or “steroid” allergies, LOL.
 
I did very early in practice. But haven’t for over decade. Gad is not worth the risk, ever. Better to accidentally inject dex IT, than the risk of gas.

For reported contrast allergy patients I do one of three things. 1- skip contrast, 2- premedicate with steroids/benadryl, or 3- disprove that they have a contrast allergy. I do a TPI with contrast on a different day if I’m highly skeptical of true contrast allergy. (If more uncertain then I send for formal allergy testing).

I consider it a civic duty to disprove BS contrast or “steroid” allergies, LOL.
“Epinephrine allergy”

No, you don’t.
 
Agree. I ask when they were told they have an epi allergy. If some kind of dental procedure, I dismiss it out of hand.
I love blowing their mind with
“Lemme guess, your dentist said lidocaine/or epi causes your heart to race?”
Yeah doc, been allergic ever since
 
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I reviewed a case where the injectionist used gadolinium for the contrast. Chose gad becasue the chart had the patient having a "dye allergy"
Of course the injectionist went intrathecal and injected gad intrathecally and complications ensued.

How many of you all choose gadolinium for your dye in a supposed dye allergy patient
I know someone who did this, shoot you probably reviewed their case. They were an all-around bad clinician. They’re now a fellowship PD.

🤦‍♂️
 
Air epidurogram if IL, no contrast if TF w/dex

Air epidurogram if IL, no contrast if TF w/dex
This, although pneumoceohalus is no joke if you get IT w the air. I saw a case during fellowship… Not in my hands… to the ER with essentially a thunderclap headache… ultimately nothing else found but air in the ventricles. Admitted, monitored with serial CT. Patient was miserable. I still do loss the air… But occasionally think about that case….
 
Anyone using a normal 5 cc syringe for LOR as opposed to traditional LOR glass/plastic syringes?

Steve got me started on cheap plastic BD syringes years ago. Haven't looked back. I actually prefer the feel. Usually go with 5 mL, used to use 3 mL for the longer plunger travel on LOR.
 
This, although pneumoceohalus is no joke if you get IT w the air. I saw a case during fellowship… Not in my hands… to the ER with essentially a thunderclap headache… ultimately nothing else found but air in the ventricles. Admitted, monitored with serial CT. Patient was miserable. I still do loss the air… But occasionally think about that case….

Ouch. One reason I do full saline only.
 
I will never not use contrast or I just wouldn't do the procedure (no gad of course; will pre-treat if the pt is adamant). Not worth it for a measly two RVUs. Too many times people have had visceral responses to the injectate like my leg hurt way worse after the procedure or now I have full body pain, etc, which we all know is just the nerve responding to the treatment and the corticosteroid later taking effect or psychosomatics. I look at my pictures including my clear as daylight epidural pattern and reassure. If one did not use contrast and the pt had a visceral response or negative outcome coincidentally I don't know how you can talk your way out of that one...
 
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I think it was 2009 or so when I stopped LOR for all ESI and SCS. CLO or lateral with direct visualization of needle tip. My eyes are better than my feels.
 
I think it was 2009 or so when I stopped LOR for all ESI and SCS. CLO or lateral with direct visualization of needle tip. My eyes are better than my feels.
Any merit and just converting the ilesi to tfesi? I've seen some some docs abandon the ilesi and they tell me no difference in offices
 
I will never not use contrast or I just wouldn't do the procedure (no gad of course; will pre-treat if the pt is adamant). Not worth it for a measly two RVUs. Too many times people have had visceral responses to the injectate like my leg hurt way worse after the procedure or now I have full body pain, etc, which we all know is just the nerve responding to the treatment and the corticosteroid later taking effect or psychosomatics. I look at my pictures including my clear as daylight epidural pattern and reassure. If one did not use contrast and the pt had a visceral response or negative outcome coincidentally I don't know how you can talk your way out of that one...
Sorry for my ignorance...as I don't deal with reimbursement -

but if you don't use contrast, you get paid less?
 
I think it was 2009 or so when I stopped LOR for all ESI and SCS. CLO or lateral with direct visualization of needle tip. My eyes are better than my feels.

So air for interlaminar if contrast allergy?
 
Every day. Bread n butter. At level below.
As above couldn’t one argue that air IT is as bad as gad?

Also can someone on this forum show me a complication where < 1cc gad was injected IT? All complications I could find occurred at > 1.5-2cc gad IT

Secondly what do you do for a CESI with contrast allergy? I just don’t understand premedicating with a butt load of oral prednisone before injecting more prednisone. In that case you might as well just give them a medrol dosepak and call it a day. And I’ve never used air LOR but this is not benign if injected IT. And which is safer? Air IT or < 1cc gad IT. Never seen or read a case report of a complication following gad IT at this dose

these statements are directed towards everyone for general discussion, not just you Taus
 
Most of the time I just skip contrast for patients with reported contrast allergies.

I will premedicate for most CESI. However, since I do my CESI with catheter, I can skip contrast even on those if needed.
 
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As above couldn’t one argue that air IT is as bad as gad?

Also can someone on this forum show me a complication where < 1cc gad was injected IT? All complications I could find occurred at > 1.5-2cc gad IT

Secondly what do you do for a CESI with contrast allergy? I just don’t understand premedicating with a butt load of oral prednisone before injecting more prednisone. In that case you might as well just give them a medrol dosepak and call it a day. And I’ve never used air LOR but this is not benign if injected IT. And which is safer? Air IT or < 1cc gad IT. Never seen or read a case report of a complication following gad IT at this dose

these statements are directed towards everyone for general discussion, not just you Taus
No experience here - just thinking out loud.

Gad can cause neurological residual or lasting harm.

Air just causes pain for a few days.
 
In America’s legal climate, yes.

I’ll do MBB/RFA with just x ray, but any potential epidural needs an mri within the past 3-4 years or I won’t do it.
Same, however, regarding MRI… the only time I will do an esi with an older MRI like that is if they are elderly with known stenosis, having flareup/recurrence of their typical neurogenic claudication in identical distribution as the last time I personally saw them. Just about anything else gets a new MRI for ESI.
 
Anyone using a normal 5 cc syringe for LOR as opposed to traditional LOR glass/plastic syringes?

I do and make my trainees use it from time to time with CLO as a backup.

It's not hard but feels different when you're trained on the usual syringes.

Has been studied now

I'm using a regular 5 mL syringe from whatever the facility has.
Luer lock
Often connected to low volume high pressure extension tubing, contrast in the syringe.
 
Also with LOR to air I limit the movement of the plunger and only put a couple ccs of air in the syringe. I avoid just jamming all the air in which I have a sneaking suspicion there are quite a few people out there who do that. Less than 2 ml pneumocephalus is not likely to cause problems.
 
Also with LOR to air I limit the movement of the plunger and only put a couple ccs of air in the syringe. I avoid just jamming all the air in which I have a sneaking suspicion there are quite a few people out there who do that. Less than 2 ml pneumocephalus is not likely to cause problems.
This. I draw back maybe 1/4- 1/2 cc max of air.
 
If some has a dye allergy does 1 to 2 cc of omnipaque really cause a reaction? Like I said I just reviewed a case where 2 of gad caused major complications
 
If some has a dye allergy does 1 to 2 cc of omnipaque really cause a reaction? Like I said I just reviewed a case where 2 of gad caused major complications
True anaphylactic reactions to iodinated contrast are rare but yes, they would definitely react to even such a small amount. The vast majority of patients have an anaphylactoid reaction - direct mast cell irritation by the substance. They don’t in general react to a small amount that is not administered IV.
 
Do not use loss or resistance for ILESI.

I do not use loss for SCS in 95% of cases.
I think it was 2009 or so when I stopped LOR for all ESI and SCS. CLO or lateral with direct visualization of needle tip. My eyes are better than my feels.
anyone not PM&R that doesnt use LOR for ESI/SCS? I know anesthesia folks might feel more familiar with LOR from the several hundred labor epidurals during residency but wonder if any of the anesthesia folks converted to not using LOR once they started practicing pain medicine
 
You use contrast for your SCS cases?
No. CLO, leads placed in the needle when I’m 1-2mm from the LF. Gentle pressure and the needle bites into the LF, and the lead goes in safely with no issues. I’ll use LOR if I’m struggling, but prob 95% of trials and implants I don’t use it.

NVO, I’m PMR and have done tons of procedures using LOR. Far more in fact than any anesthesia resident, and it’s bc I’ve done so many I don’t use it. False loss occurs, things don’t feel right, etc. Loss will lie, contrast does not.
 
anyone not PM&R that doesnt use LOR for ESI/SCS? I know anesthesia folks might feel more familiar with LOR from the several hundred labor epidurals during residency but wonder if any of the anesthesia folks converted to not using LOR once they started practicing pain medicine
In my 20th year in practice. Not sure labor epidurals in training equal what I have done in practice. But your post is telling about you as a physician. Direct visualization is superior to your feels. Didn't Lobel get his name on a blind vs image guided paper years ago/
 
As above couldn’t one argue that air IT is as bad as gad?

Also can someone on this forum show me a complication where < 1cc gad was injected IT? All complications I could find occurred at > 1.5-2cc gad IT

Secondly what do you do for a CESI with contrast allergy? I just don’t understand premedicating with a butt load of oral prednisone before injecting more prednisone. In that case you might as well just give them a medrol dosepak and call it a day. And I’ve never used air LOR but this is not benign if injected IT. And which is safer? Air IT or < 1cc gad IT. Never seen or read a case report of a complication following gad IT at this dose

these statements are directed towards everyone for general discussion, not just you Taus
air causes PDPH headache.

resolves. no lawsuit. unlike gad.


multiple studies have shown no long term benefit with medrol dosepack. now the data on epidural steroids is not great but it is much better than oral steroids.

in addition, systemic effects of epidural steroid are much less than oral steroids.

If some has a dye allergy does 1 to 2 cc of omnipaque really cause a reaction? Like I said I just reviewed a case where 2 of gad caused major complications
yes. it might be as small as a local skin reaction that leads to pruritis and thats it for the initial exposure.



i still use "LOR" in combination with saline/contrast and i daresay all of you are "subconsciously" doing so. if you are in ligament, there is significant usually amount of resistance to injecting contrast. i am willing to bet none of you force in contrast and slam it in if the resistance to injection is high (ie LOR).
 
In my 20th year in practice. Not sure labor epidurals in training equal what I have done in practice. But your post is telling about you as a physician. Direct visualization is superior to your feels. Didn't Lobel get his name on a blind vs image guided paper years ago/
I do not think labor epidurals are in anyway similar to what we do, and I did a lot of thoracic catheters for CT surgery and trauma during my fellowship. We did acute pain, and yes I went in at 0300 to place bedside catheters in polytrauma pts. It has nothing to do with our field IMO.
 
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