Hi
@Fuarky -
One way to answer this question is to use the AAMC content outline (available from the
AAMC page on what's on the MCAT) and do a Ctrl+F for "=" and "equation"/"law" to set a lower bound of equations that you absolutely must know (although some of the "laws" may just require conceptual reasoning, not using an equation). This yields: F = ma, W = Fdcos(theta), KE = 1/2mv^2, PE (grav) = mgh, PE (spring) = 1/2kx^2, P = ρgh, A * v = constant (continuity equation), PV=nRT, the other ideal gas laws, V = IR, ρ (resistivity) = R•A/L, E = hf, n1 sin (theta)1 = n2 sin (theta)2, 1/p + 1/q = 1/f (for optics), area under the curve of
PV diagrams = work, the Nernst equation, Bernoulli's equation, Van der Waal's equation for non-ideal gases, using the Arrhenius equation (for kinetics), Newton's laws (in addition to F=ma), Pascal's law for pressure, Dalton's law, Coulomb's law, Faraday's law, the laws of thermodynamics, Hess's law of heat summation, and Weber's law.
Every MCAT prep book will have more equations than that. That is because some other equations are essential for understanding key pieces of MCAT content and have a track record of being tested. An example is the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for buffers -- it's not specifically listed in the content outline, but it's an absolutely key concept related to buffers and I would 100% endorse the idea that MCAT takers should all know and understand this equation. In general, whenever you see an equation in an MCAT book, it's probably there because the book writers have a specific reason for thinking it's worth knowing...but, as
@Zenabi90 points out, practice materials and FLs also play a huge role in giving you a sense of what to prioritize and work on.
Hope this helps demystify this issue
🙂.