If you're trying to apply in ~12 months, you need a clinical gig, preferably working with a doc, and at least one consistent volunteering gig yesterday. Med schools want to see longevity of activities. Most of the time, I try to discourage people who say they want to speed run premed in a year because they require coursework on top of everything, but if you gets some irons in the fire in the next month or two it might be doable for you. It's unnecessary for you to do random science courses at a CC imo, especially if you crush the MCAT.
For the MCAT, go check the MCAT subreddit. Tons of great advice on there. Basically get a copy of one of the book sets to quickly review everything, download Anki and whatever the current top MCAT deck is at this point, and buy UWorld and all the practice exams and do every single question. You have a year to take it, but I'd set yourself a strict 3 month study period at the most. If you grind much longer than that you're gonna get crispy and bored, and I doubt you'll need it anyway. Take the free diagnostic at the beginning of your study period then a practice exam once a week or every couple days once you feel like you're doing reasonably well on UWorld. T inake the real thing once they're all completed unless you're unhappy with your average score.
Basic low level healthcare roles such as a medical assistant or certified nursing aide may or may not require some basic licensing; if so, sometimes you can just challenge the licensing exam with self-study, sometimes a course is required. These courses are a couple hundred hours or so, nothing crazy long. Figure out your state laws in this regard. If you want to do an EMT, there are some accelerated courses you can cram into a couple weeks or a month, but you'll probably have to travel because they're pretty rare. Also confirm that you can get certified in your state if you do a program that's out of state. You can also consider something unlicensed like being a patient transporter or potentially a patient sitter. You'll get a lot of stories out of either of those gigs and hospitals are usually dying to hire people for that stuff. 3 12s in the hospital or a 40h outpatient job and you'll have around 2k clinical hours.
Shadowing docs is a pain, NGL. I cold emailed about 30 within an hours drive and got 2 eventual offers to shadow. You only need like 50ish hours and most docs will let you do a couple days, so 2 is a good goal to aim for. Include a PCP.
Pick a couple from the list: Habitat for Humanity, Food Bank, Homeless Shelter, Nursing Home/Hospice Companion, Community Center working with elderly/kids type stuff, other unique opportunities where you're working with disadvantaged individuals as a form of service. Do 1-2 4 hour shifts of each one you pick for the next year and you've got 200-800 hours of community service depending how hard you go.
Good luck!