Get off your high horse, go to the library, or to your favorite purveyor of used books and get a copy of "Forgive and Remember" by Charles Bosk. Read it. Reflect on judgmental errors, normative errors, technical errors and moral errors. Understand the sociology of surgical training and you'll have a better insight into the sociology of medical admissions.
Thank you for assuming I don't what these mean. Not to mention it wouldn't be that hard to figure out what they mean...not the most complicated ideas in the world. The first thing I would state is that it is rather difficult to take these errors that he talks about, in one specific context, and apply them in a broad stroke to these other categories involving institutional actions for academic dishonesty and DUIs.
Again, I would have to say that if you're going to throw a one time offense under the category of "moral error", suggesting a character flaw, you should be putting DUI under that category as well. How does not taking into account the bodily harm you could inflict on others not count as a character flaw? How is not considering the possibility of killing another person less reprehensible than not caring enough about your work? (of course, in the medical field the two often combine, as shown in the book) If the excuse is "people make poor judgement calls when under the influence of alcohol", I fail to see why then you could not claim that you plagarized under the influence of alcohol. Did you probably pull up your paper beforehand? Probably. However, I don't see how this is any different from someone driving to the bar beforehand, knowing they plan to drive their car back. In both cases you are making a decision before you are ever under the influence of anything and this decision (pulling up your paper or pulling your car up to the parking spot) will most likely result in a later error.
Another problem is that context is not taken into account here at all. It's rather hard to extrapolate the type of moral error that is talked in the medical field to a random college class. Does not citing some sources for my "Intro to Food Studies" class paper count as a "moral error" in that I don't care enough about it to do the best job I can? Uh, yeah it does in that I couldn't care less about the random class that I need to take that has nothing to do with my major/field, helps me develop no useful skill and fulfills some requirement for my university (as I said before examples of stupid/useless classes abound in many colleges). However, is this reflective of my overall attitude towards academics? I could see a serious argument being made that this instance indicates nothing more than a lazy college sophomore hating his Intro to Food Studies class and throwing some stuff down on a paper that he didn't want to organize and cite properly. Is this hurting anyone (besides perhaps the other poor souls stuck in Intro to Food Studies who would have been properly citing their papers)? In this SPECIFIC case, not really. Is this specific case going to reflect on how I will perform in my profession (any less than driving while impaired)? I would argue no.
In the end, context should always be evaluated when looking at some sort of error. To mark all instances of institutional action for dishonesty as some kind of black mark that will basically automatically bar you from admissions is, quite frankly, not fair at all. Should people be punished for academic dishonesty? Of course they should, with punishments proportional to the offense. Why, though, would someone automatically assume that a person cited once for academic dishonesty have some intrinsic flaw and not give them a chance to prove that they can be an honest person? If you do the this for the DUI, I don't see how you can't do the same for the poor Intro to Food studies sap.