Lets discuss questions of NBDE 1

[d dimps]

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1). .Which angle does a P Wave makes on ECG?
a). .45 degree
b). .180 degree
c). .0 degree
d). .-45 degree
e). .-180 degree.

2). .What is endogenous cholesterol? Most endogenous cholesterol is converted to?
a). .Glucose
b). .Cholic acid
c). .Steroid
d). .Oxaloacetete
e). .Ketone bodies

3). .Which of the following statement is correct regarding Glioblastoma multiforme?
a). .the tumor is most common before puberty
b). .it is classified as a type of meningioma
c). .it is most common type of Astrocytoma.
d). .Its prognosis is generally more favourablethan Grade 1 astrocytoma.
e). .It is derived from the epithelial lining of ventricles

4). .Which of the following pathological changes is irreversible?
a). .fatty changes in liver cells
b). .karyolysis in myocardial cells
c). .glycogen deposition in hepatocyte nuclei
d). .hydropic vacuolization of renal tubular epithelial cells.

5). .An example of Synergism is the effect of?
a). .insulin and glucagon on blood glucose
b). .estrogen and progesterone on uterine motility
c). .growth hormone and thyroxine on skeletal growth.
d). .Antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone on potassium excretion.

 

[teethie]

@asheer, ur welcome. all the best👍

 

[Cindrella]

Hi i m not getting this question can somebody explain what dey want to ask:

Which of the following are mobilized when a cell produces an excessive amount of protein?
1. Lysosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Lipofuscin granules
4. Rough endoplasmic reticula
5. All of the above

Somebody pls answer this ...
also... what is the nerve supply of sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligament ?😕

 

[Cindrella]

QUESTION : An upward extension from the thyroid gland may be identified as

A-a remnant of the thyroglossal duct
B-a pyramidal lobe.
C-a muscular slip.
D-any of the above.... answer

is this correct ? i somehow feel a little confused...

 

[bratdoc]

An upward extension from the thyroid gland may be identified as

a remnant of the thyroglossal duct Thyroglossal duct remnant may or maynot have thyorid tissue so this is also correct (coz it MAY have thyroid tissue in some cases)
a pyramidal lobe. Pyramidal lobe is a third lobe sometimes found above the isthmus or either of the adjacent lobe so this is correct
a muscular slip. Dunno about this
any of the above.... answer So since at least two options are correct i think this is the correct answer!

BTW where is this question from?

is this correct ? i somehow feel a little confused...

....

 

[ibeflossin]

....

Thyroid diverticulum arises from floor of the primitive pharynx, descends into neck. Connected to tongue by thyroglossal duct, which normally disappears but may persist as pyramidal lobe of thyroid, foramen cecum
is normal remnant of thyroglossal duct. Most common ectopic thyroid tissue site is the tongue. I think the answer is A only.

 

[bratdoc]

Thyroid diverticulum arises from floor of the primitive pharynx, descends into neck. Connected to tongue by thyroglossal duct, which normally disappears but may persist as pyramidal lobe of thyroid, foramen cecum
is normal remnant of thyroglossal duct. Most common ectopic thyroid tissue site is the tongue. I think the answer is A only.

But a pyramidal lobe is also an upward extension found on top of the thyroid gland which is out of the normal!!

 

[ibeflossin]

But a pyramidal lobe is also an upward extension found on top of the thyroid gland which is out of the normal!!

Sorry I meant "B"... you didn't have A, B, C, or D written so I just saw the letter "A" when I was typing fast.

 

[bratdoc]

Sorry I meant "B"... you didn't have A, B, C, or D written so I just saw the letter "A" when I was typing fast.

What about the option "a remenant of the thyroglossal duct"
i think both the options are correct hence the answer should be all of the above ..... that is only if Muscular slip is correct... and i dont know what is that supposed to mean😕

 

[Cindrella]

What about the option "a remenant of the thyroglossal duct"
i think both the options are correct hence the answer should be all of the above ..... that is only if Muscular slip is correct... and i dont know what is that supposed to mean😕

Thanks a lot bratdoc and ibeflossin... maybe by muscular slip they are referring to the infrahyoid muscles --> thyrohyoid ...

this is from ASDA released paper sprry wrote the quest. in a hurry so didn't mark A,B,C,D

 

[asheer]

Originally Posted by aiming 4 dds


Which of the following are mobilized when a cell produces an excessive amount of protein?
1. Lysosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Lipofuscin granules
4. Rough endoplasmic reticula===ANS cos that is the site of protien formation and remeber if golgi is in option that wud also be correct🙂


Somebody pls answer this ...
also... what is the nerve supply of sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligament ?😕===I think the ans fr this will be the mandibular nerve fr the sphenomandibular ligament and the facial nerve fr the stylomandibular ligament !!!!

 

[bratdoc]

Originally Posted by aiming 4 dds


Which of the following are mobilized when a cell produces an excessive amount of protein?
1. Lysosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Lipofuscin granules
4. Rough endoplasmic reticula===ANS cos that is the site of protien formation and remeber if golgi is in option that wud also be correct🙂


Somebody pls answer this ...
also... what is the nerve supply of sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligament ?😕===I think the ans fr this will be the mandibular nerve fr the sphenomandibular ligament and the facial nerve fr the stylomandibular ligament !!!!

Yes i think so too as Sphenomandibular ligament is derived from the 1st Branchial arch therefore its nerve supply is mandibular nerve (V-3)

 

[bratdoc]

Which of the following could be beneficial in reducing edema in the arms of a woman who has had radial mastectomy with removal of axial lymph nodes??

A. Hypertensive agents
B. Avoidance of all Diuretic agents
C. increased interstitial oncotic pressure
D. Decreased interstitial hydrostatic pressure
E. Administration of a plasma volume expander

Can someone please answer this WITH explanation??

Which of the following substances is LEAST polar?
A. Ethanaol
B. Cholesterol
C. Palmitic acid
D. Glycocholic acid

Why??

 

[teethie]

no it is not. where did u read that c1 and c2 are synovial,can you please tell your soucr of information. read this
http://www.bcb.uwc.ac.za/Sci_Ed/grade10/manphys/joints.htm#syn

hi i have a question,
Are all intervertebral joints synovial joints?

I read that c1 and c2 are synovial joints with no articular disc, diarthrotic and fully movable. But i am confused about the other intervertbral discs..

please let me know if you find out the answer..thank u

 

[butterfly22]

Originally Posted by aiming 4 dds


Which of the following are mobilized when a cell produces an excessive amount of protein?
1. Lysosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Lipofuscin granules
4. Rough endoplasmic reticula===ANS cos that is the site of protien formation and remeber if golgi is in option that wud also be correct🙂


Somebody pls answer this ...
also... what is the nerve supply of sphenomandibular and stylomandibular ligament ?😕===I think the ans fr this will be the mandibular nerve fr the sphenomandibular ligament and the facial nerve fr the stylomandibular ligament !!!!

the answer for the above question is 1. lysosomes.

 

[part1]

@ bratdoc , i think the least polar substance sud be cholestrol..

 

[asheer]

small doubt i knw might be a lil silly but do the permanent teeth erupt occlusally and BUCCALLY i was thinkin it was LIGUAL to primary teeth😕

 

[pb2007]

Which of the following could be beneficial in reducing edema in the arms of a woman who has had radial mastectomy with removal of axial lymph nodes??

A. Hypertensive agents
B. Avoidance of all Diuretic agents
C. increased interstitial oncotic pressure
D. Decreased interstitial hydrostatic pressure
E. Administration of a plasma volume expander

Can someone please answer this WITH explanation??

Which of the following substances is LEAST polar?
A. Ethanaol
B. Cholesterol
C. Palmitic acid
D. Glycocholic acid

Why??

i think the answer to first should be choice E ,administration of plasma volume expander coz other choices seem to favour edema.

for 2nd its cholesterol {check in kaplan under chap on fatty acids }

plz correct if wrong

 

[pb2007]

small doubt i knw might be a lil silly but do the permanent teeth erupt occlusally and BUCCALLY i was thinkin it was LIGUAL to primary teeth😕

asheer u r rite ,permanent tooth buds are lingual to primary .
i think u r mixing both things together .having permanent tooth buds lingual to primary is abt the position n eruption has more to do with the movement during eruption .so teth do erupt occlusally but about bucal aspect i'm not clear coz i think mandibular posteriors r lingualy placed n maxillary r buccaly but if ques jst asks abt general erution pattern then it should be occlusally n buccaly .

correct if i'v put wrong answer.

 

[butterfly22]

asheer u r rite ,permanent tooth buds are lingual to primary .
i think u r mixing both things together .having permanent tooth buds lingual to primary is abt the position n eruption has more to do with the movement during eruption .so teth do erupt occlusally but about bucal aspect i'm not clear coz i think mandibular posteriors r lingualy placed n maxillary r buccaly but if ques jst asks abt general erution pattern then it should be occlusally n buccaly .

correct if i'v put wrong answer.

pb2007 u r correct..👍

 

[Cindrella]

Triglyceride absorbed into the lymphatic system is transported to the liver as

A-chylomicrons.
B-very low density lipoprotein.
C-low density lipoprotein.
D-high density lipoprotein.
E-very high density lipoprotein.

ASDA's answer is A --- but Pg.263 of First Aid says Chylomicrons carry lipids from Small Intestine to extrahepatic tissue !

someone pls explain

 

[Cindrella]

the answer for the above question is 1. lysosomes.

can u pls explain why the answer is lysosomes.... 😕

 

[teethie]

@asheer @pb2007:

i had the same doubt what asheer posted. but asda key says buccal and occlusal. this question is from anatomy section 1981or1980s released.
😕😕

asheer u r rite ,permanent tooth buds are lingual to primary .
i think u r mixing both things together .having permanent tooth buds lingual to primary is abt the position n eruption has more to do with the movement during eruption .so teth do erupt occlusally but about bucal aspect i'm not clear coz i think mandibular posteriors r lingualy placed n maxillary r buccaly but if ques jst asks abt general erution pattern then it should be occlusally n buccaly .

correct if i'v put wrong answer.

 

[happyk9]

Originally Posted by aiming 4 dds


Which of the following are mobilized when a cell produces an excessive amount of protein?
1. Lysosomes ANS
2. Mitochondria
3. Lipofuscin granules
4. Rough endoplasmic reticula
Somebody pls answer this ...
also...

The answer should be lysosome.

The key to this question is “excessive amount of protein". This actually is asking you how does a cell get rid of the "excessive amount"? Lysosomes have digestive enzymes that can break down the protein. So when the cell produce excessive amount of protein(or internalize the membrane protein or outside protein), these proteins will be uptaken by lysosomes. So the answer should be 1: Lysosomes.

 

[elmos]

i think lysosome too, because of excessive amount of protein

 

[bratdoc]

Thank you @PartI and @Pb2007 but i still dont understand the answers to the questions!!

Lemme try clearing the confusion
-The Permanent teeth erupt Lingually IN RELATION TO THE PRIMARY TEETH


-The permanent teeth eruption pattern/pathway is Buccally and Occlusally (this is in relation to its own unerupted initial location)
Note: this point has nothing to do with the primary teeth

Lemmw know if wrong

 

[bratdoc]

Didnt understand the question!

 

[butterfly22]

can u pls explain why the answer is lysosomes.... 😕

apparently the question is referring to the method by which a cell can get rid itself of the excessive proteins that it has produced.Lysosomes is the logical answer,as lysosomes contain proteolytic enzymes capable of digesting cellular proteins. rough ER makes proteins but the question is asking wht happens after the excessive proteins are formed.
i hope this justifies the answer..

 

[butterfly22]

Didnt understand the question!

i think the answer for this is Dentin...since it does not comes in direct contact with blood and no metabolites r exchanged here...correct me if wrong..

 

[butterfly22]

Q. Parietal cells which form HCl and intrisic factor are part of which glands?
a)pyloric
b)gastric
c)cardiac
d)none of the above,they are not part of the glands

2010 decks, No.29(physiology)
the decks says (d) is the answer (cells r part of the epithelium and not glands) but i'm confused , aren't parietal cells part of gastric glands...???😕

 

[bratdoc]

i think the answer for this is Dentin...since it does not comes in direct contact with blood and no metabolites r exchanged here...correct me if wrong..

The answer says None of the above 😕
plz explain!!

 

[elmos]

Q. Parietal cells which form HCl and intrisic factor are part of which glands?
a)pyloric
b)gastric
c)cardiac
d)none of the above,they are not part of the glands

2010 decks, No.29(physiology)
the decks says (d) is the answer (cells r part of the epithelium and not glands) but i'm confused , aren't parietal cells part of gastric glands...???😕

check this link they are saying they are parts of gastrics gland
http://books.google.com/books?id=zF...nepage&q=parietal cell, gastric gland&f=false

 

[elmos]

The answer says None of the above 😕
plz explain!!

i think dentin has tubule and it's dynamic it's not inert and the fluid can transmit the pain
correct me if i'm wrong

 

[butterfly22]

The answer says None of the above 😕
plz explain!!

where did u read this question..? evn i'm not sure of the answer,i tried searching it..somewhere it is written dat dentin is inert and smewhere its not..evn i'm doubtful🙁

 

[butterfly22]

check this link they are saying they are parts of gastrics gland
http://books.google.com/books?id=zF...nepage&q=parietal cell, gastric gland&f=false

thanks elmos...there r so many mistakes in decks..one gets so confused..🙂

 

[bratdoc]

where did u read this question..? evn i'm not sure of the answer,i tried searching it..somewhere it is written dat dentin is inert and smewhere its not..evn i'm doubtful🙁

It is Q.87 from Biochem physio released papers I-F

 

[butterfly22]

when a muscle stretched , the stretch reflex reacts. this reflex is considered monosynaptic and results in:
a)contraction
b)relaxation

 

[butterfly22]

i think dentin has tubule and it's dynamic it's not inert and the fluid can transmit the pain
correct me if i'm wrong

i guess u r right elmos

 

[bratdoc]

when a muscle stretched , the stretch reflex reacts. this reflex is considered monosynaptic and results in:
a)contraction ----- Answer
b)relaxation

This is Muscle spindle reflex a.k.a Stretch reflex

 

[bratdoc]

i think dentin has tubule and it's dynamic it's not inert and the fluid can transmit the pain
correct me if i'm wrong

Before i was not too sure if i understood the question. Now I understand the concept!!! Thanx a ton!!!🙂👍👍

 

[NKDmed]

no it is not. where did u read that c1 and c2 are synovial,can you please tell your soucr of information. read this
http://www.bcb.uwc.ac.za/Sci_Ed/grade10/manphys/joints.htm#syn

Hi teethie i read the article you added.. thank you..

I was referring to Achland DVD human anatomy part 1 head and neck.. Dr. Achland refers to the cervical spine and says "the intervertebral joints are here, they are synovial joints".
i checked in Marieb and Mallat human anatomy because thats the only reference book i have right now.. and in the table for structural and functions of body joints... it shows that atlantoaxial joints and atlanto-occipital are both synovial joints. Then it shows between articular process of intervertebral joints is synovial, and between adjacent vertebral bodies is cartiliginous as the article you posted above states.
It made me confused.. So is the correct answer cartilinginous joint in your opinion??

 

[teethie]

NO NO, THERE seems a big confusion, i think we are mixing two different things, let me find out , i think we should read the structural antomy of vertebrae first. to find out which joint is synovial and which is catilaginous.what you are saying is right too.
let me read and meanwhile if u find something post it..

Hi teethie i read the article you added.. thank you..

I was referring to Achland DVD human anatomy part 1 head and neck.. Dr. Achland refers to the cervical spine and says "the intervertebral joints are here, they are synovial joints".
i checked in Marieb and Mallat human anatomy because thats the only reference book i have right now.. and in the table for structural and functions of body joints... it shows that atlantoaxial joints and atlanto-occipital are both synovial joints. Then it shows between articular process of intervertebral joints is synovial, and between adjacent vertebral bodies is cartiliginous as the article you posted above states.
It made me confused.. So is the correct answer cartilinginous joint in your opinion??

 

[butterfly22]

.

 

[butterfly22]

This is Muscle spindle reflex a.k.a Stretch reflex

thank u bratdoc.. datz right👍

 

[Cindrella]

The distribution of carbonate within dental enamel follows the same surface to dentinoenamel junction patterns as which of the following?

A-Lead
B-Calcium
C-Fluoride
D-Strontium
E- None of the above

PLease explain

 

[teethie]

i agree with pb2007👍 but i think diuretics can also help.
correct me if wrong.

i think the answer to first should be choice E ,administration of plasma volume expander coz other choices seem to favour edema.

for 2nd its cholesterol {check in kaplan under chap on fatty acids }

plz correct if wrong

 

[Cindrella]

Muscle glycogen phosphorylase is activated by: (a) epinephrine; (b) glucagon; (c) insulin.

1-(a) only ..ASDA's answer
2-(a) and (b) ... My answer 🙂
3-(a) and (c)
4-(b) only
5-(b) and (c)
6-(c) only
7-All of the above

pls explain

 

[bratdoc]

Muscle glycogen phosphorylase is activated by: (a) epinephrine; (b) glucagon; (c) insulin.

1-(a) only ..ASDA's answer
2-(a) and (b) ... My answer 🙂
3-(a) and (c)
4-(b) only
5-(b) and (c)
6-(c) only
7-All of the above

pls explain

can u temme which exam is this from coz i think my answer booklet also said option 2

Because both Epinephrine and Glucagon increase the blood glucose levels .... this is done by glycolysis hence by activating glycogen phosphorylase!

 

[Cindrella]

can u temme which exam is this from coz i think my answer booklet also said option 2

Because both Epinephrine and Glucagon increase the blood glucose levels .... this is done by glycolysis hence by activating glycogen phosphorylase!

Its from 87 or 89 .... yeah thats why even i thought it should be option 2 .... 👍

 

[Cindrella]

The pH of a solution having a 10-5 M concentration of OH- ion is

A-5.
B-7
C-9.
D-determinable only if the pKa is known.
E-determinable only if the base composition is known.

can someone pls explain how to solve such questions 🙁😕

 

[pb2007]

i agree with pb2007👍 but i think diuretics can also help.
correct me if wrong.

you are rite teethie diuretics help getting rid of edema but choice mentions avoidance of diuretics so we r left with last choice .