Lets discuss questions of NBDE 1

[d dimps]

---

Members do not see this ad.

1). .Which angle does a P Wave makes on ECG?
a). .45 degree
b). .180 degree
c). .0 degree
d). .-45 degree
e). .-180 degree.

2). .What is endogenous cholesterol? Most endogenous cholesterol is converted to?
a). .Glucose
b). .Cholic acid
c). .Steroid
d). .Oxaloacetete
e). .Ketone bodies

3). .Which of the following statement is correct regarding Glioblastoma multiforme?
a). .the tumor is most common before puberty
b). .it is classified as a type of meningioma
c). .it is most common type of Astrocytoma.
d). .Its prognosis is generally more favourablethan Grade 1 astrocytoma.
e). .It is derived from the epithelial lining of ventricles

4). .Which of the following pathological changes is irreversible?
a). .fatty changes in liver cells
b). .karyolysis in myocardial cells
c). .glycogen deposition in hepatocyte nuclei
d). .hydropic vacuolization of renal tubular epithelial cells.

5). .An example of Synergism is the effect of?
a). .insulin and glucagon on blood glucose
b). .estrogen and progesterone on uterine motility
c). .growth hormone and thyroxine on skeletal growth.
d). .Antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone on potassium excretion.

 

[pb2007]

Which of the following permanent teeth have mesial concavities that require special attention when removing calculus deposits?: (a) Maxillary central incisors; (b) Maxillary first premolars; (c) Maxillary first molars; (d) Mandibular second premolars

1. (a) and (b) only
2. (a), (b) and (c)
3. (b) and (c) only...😕I thought max 1st molar has concavity at distal?
   
4. (b), (c) and (d)
5. (c) and (d) only

[FONT=Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif]thank u guys.

deck are you sure ques asks for mesial concavity for molars coz in asda released exm i hav cum across this ques n it mentions distal concavitity for molars ,even i'm not aware it has mesial that needs attention.som eone plz confirm this ?

 

[Svetlana]

The primary teeth erupt in which of the following
sequences?
A. ABCDE
B. BACDE
C. ABDCE
D. ACBDE

I dont understand.From the options given above,we should start either from 2nd molar or 1st molar.
Shouldnt we start with incisors?

 

[pb2007]

The primary teeth erupt in which of the following
sequences?
A. ABCDE
B. BACDE
C. ABDCE
D. ACBDE

I dont understand.From the options given above,we should start either from 2nd molar or 1st molar.
Shouldnt we start with incisors?

i think choice C {ABDCE} should be the answer .

 

[Svetlana]

i think choice C {ABDCE} should be the answer .

Can you explain please)))

 

[teethie]

choices of this question are wrong, molars do not erupt prior to incisors.

pb2007, i thiNk you are mistaken with the deciduous notation system. second molar on upper right is A not E.

The primary teeth erupt in which of the following
sequences?
A. ABCDE
B. BACDE
C. ABDCE
D. ACBDE

I dont understand.From the options given above,we should start either from 2nd molar or 1st molar.
Shouldnt we start with incisors?

 

[pb2007]

choices of this question are wrong, molars do not erupt prior to incisors.

pb2007, i thiNk you are mistaken with the deciduous notation system. second molar on upper right is A not E.

i was waiting for ur reply only .thanku so much for pointin out the mistake teethie ,jst completly forgot abt the universal notation system in this ques.plz share the eruption status for deciduous coz i did frm wheelers which says
central I...8-12
LI....9-13
CANINE....16-22
1ST MOLAR 13-19
2ND MOLAR 25-33
the above said choices dont seem to fit here .i'm badly confused with this now.is it the last choice{ACBDE}

 

[teethie]

agree with answer EDBCA👍

hey,did u mean u did the mistake intentionally😉😉

i was waiting for ur reply only .thanku so much for pointin out the mistake teethie ,jst completly forgot abt the universal notation system in this ques.

 

[teethie]

need answers, posted on other thread:

The signal that a soft food bolus is in the mouth is maily trasmitted by?
a.the periodontal receptors in pdl
b.the mechanoreceptors in the oral mucosa--------------answer?????
c.the smooth muscle in oropharynx t
d.the Propioreceptors in the TMJ

stapedectomy improves what?
a.basilar membrane association
b.semicircular canal endolymph movt
c.tectomembrane vibration d.cell deformation

 

[teethie]

svetlana, is your question again from first aid??

 

[pb2007]

agree with ur answer👍

hey,did u mean u did the mistake intentionally😉😉[/QUOTE
no teethie ,not intentionally ,dont kno why but jst completly forgot to consider the notation system.this ques is confusing we hav to consider the choices in reverse order .

 

[teethie]

I was kidding pb2007, i know it was by mistake.
well donot get confused, i found why the answer is C. This uestion is from first aid book bu they did not mention the notation system they are following while answering this question.

so go back and check in wheelers chapter 1, second page , it is mentioned that in one notation system it is A considered as Central incisor. they did not name this notation system though.

not to forget, for ADA, we always fo with universal numbering.
hope this is all clear now.

no teethie ,not intentionally ,dont kno why but jst completly forgot to consider the notation system.this ques is confusing we hav to consider the choices in reverse order .

 

[Svetlana]

svetlana, is your question again from first aid??

Yes,this Q is from 1st aid,but i also saw the same Q in crack.


" The correct answer is C. Central incisors (A)
erupt around 6 months of age, lateral incisors
(B) at 9 months, primary 1st molars (D) at 12
months, primary canines (C) at 18 months,
and primary 2nd molars (E) at 24 months.
Mandibular primary teeth typically erupt
before the maxillary primary teeth with the
exception of the primary lateral incisors."

Nice explanation)))))

So its just mistake,right?

 

[Svetlana]

svetlana, is your question again from first aid??

Yes,this Q is from 1st aid,but i also saw the same Q in crack.


" The correct answer is C. Central incisors (A)
erupt around 6 months of age, lateral incisors
(B) at 9 months, primary 1st molars (D) at 12
months, primary canines (C) at 18 months,
and primary 2nd molars (E) at 24 months.
Mandibular primary teeth typically erupt
before the maxillary primary teeth with the
exception of the primary lateral incisors."

Nice explanation)))))

So its just mistake,right?

Sorrry,didnt read the message above
Got it)))

 

[teethie]

no check my above post. explanation for question is right it is just notation system thing.

svetlana, is your question again from first aid??

Yes,this Q is from 1st aid,but i also saw the same Q in crack.


" The correct answer is C. Central incisors (A)
erupt around 6 months of age, lateral incisors
(B) at 9 months, primary 1st molars (D) at 12
months, primary canines (C) at 18 months,
and primary 2nd molars (E) at 24 months.
Mandibular primary teeth typically erupt
before the maxillary primary teeth with the
exception of the primary lateral incisors."

Nice explanation)))))

So its just mistake,right?

 

[teethie]

well now pb2007, by mistake your answer was right in the first place.🙂

 

[pb2007]

well now pb2007, by mistake your answer was right in the first place.🙂

thanks for clearing up this confusion teethie, for some reason i'm always struk with eruption status of deciduous dentition ,was plannin to do first aid ques but i think i better stay away from that book.

 

[teethie]

your welcome.
well one goodthing, we all revised notation system due to this qestion.

thanks for clearing up this confusion teethie, for some reason i'm always struk with eruption status of deciduous dentition ,was plannin to do first aid ques but i think i better stay away from that book.

 

[Svetlana]

your welcome.
well one goodthing, we all revised notation system due to this qestion.

Well,by far i'm almost finished with 1st aid,yeah there are some mistakes,but in general its good.

 

[Svetlana]

Got another Q for you!(what would i do without you,guys?????!!!!!!)

Can you please explain a GENERAL IDEA how to approach these kind of Q

What is the net charge on glutamic acid at a pH of 1?
A.+2
B.+1(answer)
C.0
D.-1
E.-2

is it because its acidic am.ac?How to deal with others am.ac?

Thanks in advance!!!

 

[wdent]

Hey again,,
one important concept pls need to know about :

When we have a reduction in poatssium or (kypokalemia) extracellularly will it cause ------------> Hyperexcitabiliy of nerve OR increase the threshhold potential...?????

Pls hope to hear from u ,,iam not understanding this concept !!!!!

 

[Svetlana]

Hey again,,
one important concept pls need to know about :

When we have a reduction in poatssium or (kypokalemia) extracellularly will it cause ------------> Hyperexcitabiliy of nerve OR increase the threshhold potential...?????

Pls hope to hear from u ,,iam not understanding this concept !!!!!

This is my view:
low K can cause arrhythmia( as well as high K) but it doesnt responsible for hyperexitability,furthermore it will cause inverted T wave(U wave).

But i suppose it can cause an increase in thr.pot.:
low K extracellulary--->low K intracellulary--->less positive charge inside--->now inside is MoRE negative(instead of -80,lets say -90)--->it should be greater threshold to reach positive charge inside to initiate AP

Correct me if im wrong

 

[deck]

Each of the following is commonly associated with congestive heart failure EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?

1. Dyspnea
2. Cyanosis
3. Anasarca......
4. Ankle edema
5. Passive congestion of the liver

Why is not B????

From the Wikipedia, it said
Anasarca, also known as "extreme generalized edema" is a medical condition characterised by widespread swelling of the skin due to effusion of fluid into the extracellular space. [1]
It is usually caused by either congestive heart failure, liver failure (cirrhosisrenal failure/disease and severe malnutrition/protein deficiency. of the liver)
Thank u!

 

[wdent]

Thanks Svetlana!

 

[bratdoc]

Each of the following is commonly associated with congestive heart failure EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?

1. Dyspnea
2. Cyanosis
3. Anasarca......
4. Ankle edema
5. Passive congestion of the liver

Why is not B????

From the Wikipedia, it said
Anasarca, also known as "extreme generalized edema" is a medical condition characterised by widespread swelling of the skin due to effusion of fluid into the extracellular space. [1]
It is usually caused by either congestive heart failure, liver failure (cirrhosisrenal failure/disease and severe malnutrition/protein deficiency. of the liver)
Thank u!

It is not B because CHF has the symptom of CYANOSIS
Because patients with CHF have low CO due to which there is reduced flow in the capillary bed leading to Increased oxygen extraction causing increase in Deoxygenated hemoglobin-----> Cyanosis
Though (i think) anasarca might also be associated with CHF remember the question is asking "MOST COMMONLY ASSOCIATED"

 

[bratdoc]

Hey Teethie!!
U said that Insulin has both effects of Lipogenesis and Lipolysis adn gave a reference of Kaplan review
I checked.. It says INsulin has effects of Lipogenesis and ANTILipolysis!!
😱😱😕😕

 

[teethie]

no bratdoc, i never wrote lipolysis. you can check my post again. i always wrote anti lipolytic.
i have not edited it, it is still the same one. please check again.

Hey Teethie!!
U said that Insulin has both effects of Lipogenesis and Lipolysis adn gave a reference of Kaplan review
I checked.. It says INsulin has effects of Lipogenesis and ANTILipolysis!!
😱😱😕😕

 

[teethie]

hi deck, this ASDA key you just have to memorise. we discussed this before also, but anasarca and cyanosis both are features of CHF.

Each of the following is commonly associated with congestive heart failure EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?

1. Dyspnea
2. Cyanosis
3. Anasarca......
4. Ankle edema
5. Passive congestion of the liver

Why is not B????

 

[teethie]

DID ANYONE SEE THESE QUESTIONS..........pl reply.

need answers, posted on other thread:

The signal that a soft food bolus is in the mouth is maily trasmitted by?
a.the periodontal receptors in pdl
b.the mechanoreceptors in the oral mucosa--------------answer?????
c.the smooth muscle in oropharynx t
d.the Propioreceptors in the TMJ

stapedectomy improves what?
a.basilar membrane association
b.semicircular canal endolymph movt
c.tectomembrane vibration d.cell deformation

 

[bratdoc]

Hi teethie!

Can u please explain in which conditions is Insulin Lipogenic and when Lipolytic?!

LOL i guess i didnt read ur post correctly the first time...... dats y i asked...
Im sorry ... u are right!

 

[bratdoc]

DID ANYONE SEE THESE QUESTIONS..........pl reply.

stapedectomy improves what?
a.basilar membrane association
b.semicircular canal endolymph movt
c.tectomembrane vibration d.cell deformation


Basically Stapedectomy improves hearing by removing the Stapes which has become stiff.... It is used to correct conductive hearing loss so i think the answer should be c.Tectomembrane vibratin is improved.... but i think it is a typo and it should be Tympanic membrane instead of tectomembrane

 

[bratdoc]

need answers, posted on other thread:

The signal that a soft food bolus is in the mouth is maily trasmitted by?
a.the periodontal receptors in pdl
b.the mechanoreceptors in the oral mucosa--------------answer?????
c.the smooth muscle in oropharynx t
d.the Propioreceptors in the TMJ ---- I would go for this one as the Proprioception of the TMJ is one of the most sensitive in the body... please lemme know if u find out the answer

.[/COLOR]

..

 

[pb2007]

What does stapedectomy improves?
a) basilar membrane association
b) semicircular canal endolymph movement............answer
c) Tectomembrane vibration
d) Cell deformation

.
let me know if my answer is wrong

 

[Svetlana]

DID ANYONE SEE THESE QUESTIONS..........pl reply.

Well,the 1st Q.
From the given options , mechanorec.of oral cav. sound most reasonable.
and 2nd Q,i think we already discussed this Q,but didnt come up with answer(((

 

[bratdoc]

What does stapedectomy improves?
a) basilar membrane association
b) semicircular canal endolymph movement............answer
c) Tectomembrane vibration
d) Cell deformation

.
let me know if my answer is wrong

Can u please explain why?

 

[Svetlana]

What does stapedectomy improves?
a) basilar membrane association
b) semicircular canal endolymph movement............answer
c) Tectomembrane vibration
d) Cell deformation

.
let me know if my answer is wrong

I really dont know. Was trying to find smth.
May if its due to osteosclerosis-->stapes lost its mobility-->and now doesnt send vibration to the tect.memb???????

may be its C????

 

[Svetlana]

Got another Q for you!(what would i do without you,guys?????!!!!!!)

Can you please explain a GENERAL IDEA how to approach these kind of Q

What is the net charge on glutamic acid at a pH of 1?
A.+2
B.+1(answer)
C.0
D.-1
E.-2

is it because its acidic am.ac?How to deal with others am.ac?

Thanks in advance!!!

Hey!Smb!Please!!!

 

[teethie]

hi, thank u pb2007, bratdoc, svetlana. why we all are not agreeing to same choices??

elmos, deck, gotaf please reply....

need answers, posted on other thread:

The signal that a soft food bolus is in the mouth is maily trasmitted by?
a.the periodontal receptors in pdl
b.the mechanoreceptors in the oral mucosa--------------answer?????
c.the smooth muscle in oropharynx t
d.the Propioreceptors in the TMJ

stapedectomy improves what?
a.basilar membrane association
b.semicircular canal endolymph movt
c.tectomembrane vibration d.cell deformation

 

[teethie]

if i would have known sound reasoning, would have definitely replied.
my thinking is that it has to do with number of carboxylic groups present on amino acids. but donno if i am right.....

Hey!Smb!Please!!!

 

[Gotaf]

need answers, posted on other thread:

The signal that a soft food bolus is in the mouth is maily trasmitted by?
a.the periodontal receptors in pdl
b.the mechanoreceptors in the oral mucosa--------------answer?????
c.the smooth muscle in oropharynx t
d.the Propioreceptors in the TMJ

stapedectomy improves what?
a.basilar membrane association
b.semicircular canal endolymph movt
c.tectomembrane vibration d.cell deformation

Hey teethie

Answer for first question is definitely 'b'.
Here's the proof
http://books.google.com/books?id=1s...NHh47BsB2AUpWA4fVak&hl=en&ei=ZANvTK2qGIO88gbf

At first I guessed it should be b and then did some googling to confirm the same.
My logic was that soft bolus had to do with texture of food and telling the brain that it is ready for next stage of digestion, so periodontal and TMJ proprioreceptors should have nothing to with it as they would signal abnormal forces....
as for oropharynx, that is the second part of swallowing once brain knows food is mixed well enough to be swallowed. So would have to be transmitted by mechanoreceptors of mouth.

Anyways check the link, its explained really well.🙂

 

[bratdoc]

Hey teethie

Answer for first question is definitely 'b'.
Here's the proof
http://books.google.com/books?id=1s...NHh47BsB2AUpWA4fVak&hl=en&ei=ZANvTK2qGIO88gbf

At first I guessed it should be b and then did some googling to confirm the same.
My logic was that soft bolus had to do with texture of food and telling the brain that it is ready for next stage of digestion, so periodontal and TMJ proprioreceptors should have nothing to with it as they would signal abnormal forces....
as for oropharynx, that is the second part of swallowing once brain knows food is mixed well enough to be swallowed. So would have to be transmitted by mechanoreceptors of mouth.

Anyways check the link, its explained really well.🙂

Good work!!! 👍👍🙂

 

[teethie]

thank u gotaf. my answers are in red i am going with.
bratdoc, there is tectomembrane and tympanic membrane both in ear.
pb2007, i searched but endolymph movement comes in conncetion with inner earnot middle ear.

one again, thank u all for replying.

need answers, posted on other thread:

The signal that a soft food bolus is in the mouth is maily trasmitted by?
a.the periodontal receptors in pdl
b.the mechanoreceptors in the oral mucosa--------------answer
c.the smooth muscle in oropharynx t
d.the Propioreceptors in the TMJ

stapedectomy improves what?
a.basilar membrane association
b.semicircular canal endolymph movt
c.tectomembrane vibration ---------------answer
d.cell deformation

 

[elmos]

hi, thank u pb2007, bratdoc, svetlana. why we all are not agreeing to same choices??

elmos, deck, gotaf please reply....

i think it's semicircular endolymph mvt .
Stapedectomy is a surgical procedure in which the innermost bone (stapes) of the three bones (the stapes, the incus, and the malleus) of the middle ear is removed, and replaced with a small plastic tube of stainless-steel wire (a prosthesis) to improve the movement of sound to the inner ear.

 

[Cindrella]

Three days ago, a patient received her third immunization with tetanus toxoid. What class of antibodies specific for tetanus toxoid would one expect to find in her serum?

Similar concentrations of IgM and IgG
High concentrations of both IgM and IgD
Low concentration of IgM; high concentration of IgE
Low concentration of IgM; high concentration of IgG
High concentration of IgM; low concentration of IgG

please explain

 

[pb2007]

Three days ago, a patient received her third immunization with tetanus toxoid. What class of antibodies specific for tetanus toxoid would one expect to find in her serum?

Similar concentrations of IgM and IgG
High concentrations of both IgM and IgD
Low concentration of IgM; high concentration of IgE
Low concentration of IgM; high concentration of IgG
High concentration of IgM; low concentration of IgG

please explain

i think it should be low concentration of igM ,high conc of igG during primary humoral response igM dominates which is first to appear then igG TAKES UP THE JOB.during secondary humoral immune response its igG ,so basically u'l see igM in dominant phase the first time n since ques mentione 3rd immunization it will be choice 3rd.read more from deck no 191 of micro{09-10 version}.it would be more clear .
plz correct me if i'm wrong .

 

[pb2007]

i think it's semicircular endolymph mvt .
Stapedectomy is a surgical procedure in which the innermost bone (stapes) of the three bones (the stapes, the incus, and the malleus) of the middle ear is removed, and replaced with a small plastic tube of stainless-steel wire (a prosthesis) to improve the movement of sound to the inner ear.

i choose semicircular....... choice coz i was lukin at this ear diagram where stapes is the inner most bone n is passing vibration to inner canal .so basicall vibrations frm tympanic membrane are passed to stapes n then its stapes which pass them to inner ear .so i though if stapes is removed vibrations willpass to semicircular endolymph .
plz correct me if i sound illogical .

 

[Cindrella]

i think it should be low concentration of igM ,high conc of igG during primary humoral response igM dominates which is first to appear then igG TAKES UP THE JOB.during secondary humoral immune response its igG ,so basically u'l see igM in dominant phase the first time n since ques mentione 3rd immunization it will be choice 3rd.read more from deck no 191 of micro{09-10 version}.it would be more clear .
plz correct me if i'm wrong .

you are absolutely correct..thanks pb2007

 

[teethie]

hey pb2007 and elmos, I am getting confused now. can we post this question on medical forum? may be some physician can answer it? i am not good in understanding this ear thing ...
what i understood was stapedectomy inccerases sound vibrations to inner ear basically sound conduction

i choose semicircular....... choice coz i was lukin at this ear diagram where stapes is the inner most bone n is passing vibration to inner canal .so basicall vibrations frm tympanic membrane are passed to stapes n then its stapes which pass them to inner ear .so i though if stapes is removed vibrations willpass to semicircular endolymph .
plz correct me if i sound illogical .

 

[Cindrella]

i need help with cellular immunity & complement system ... can anybody explain it in their own words.... please.. i need clear concepts...

 

[pb2007]

hey pb2007 and elmos, I am getting confused now. can we post this question on medical forum? may be some physician can answer it? i am not good in understanding this ear thing ...
what i understood was stapedectomy inccerases sound vibrations to inner ear basically sound conduction

yes teethie,plz do ,we need to get this thing rite ,this ques has been discussed on sdn in different threads but we all keep makin our own fundas so it will be nice if some expert answers this doubt.

 

[teethie]

ok , u r right atleast no more fundas will be there.

yes teethie,plz do ,we need to get this thing rite ,this ques has been discussed on sdn in different threads but we all keep makin our own fundas so it will be nice if some expert answers this doubt.