Lets discuss questions of NBDE 1

[d dimps]

---

Members do not see this ad.

1). .Which angle does a P Wave makes on ECG?
a). .45 degree
b). .180 degree
c). .0 degree
d). .-45 degree
e). .-180 degree.

2). .What is endogenous cholesterol? Most endogenous cholesterol is converted to?
a). .Glucose
b). .Cholic acid
c). .Steroid
d). .Oxaloacetete
e). .Ketone bodies

3). .Which of the following statement is correct regarding Glioblastoma multiforme?
a). .the tumor is most common before puberty
b). .it is classified as a type of meningioma
c). .it is most common type of Astrocytoma.
d). .Its prognosis is generally more favourablethan Grade 1 astrocytoma.
e). .It is derived from the epithelial lining of ventricles

4). .Which of the following pathological changes is irreversible?
a). .fatty changes in liver cells
b). .karyolysis in myocardial cells
c). .glycogen deposition in hepatocyte nuclei
d). .hydropic vacuolization of renal tubular epithelial cells.

5). .An example of Synergism is the effect of?
a). .insulin and glucagon on blood glucose
b). .estrogen and progesterone on uterine motility
c). .growth hormone and thyroxine on skeletal growth.
d). .Antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone on potassium excretion.

 

[drdds3]

which of the following anatomic features restrict the amount of lateral shift that can occur on a working condyle?
a. medial wall of articular fossa on the working side
b. superior wall of articular fossa on the non-working side
c. capsular ligaments
d. stylohyoid ligament
e. stylomandibular ligament

which of the following primary grooves uniting in the distal pit on occlusal surface of the occlusal surface of the mandibular second molar represents the one that normally has no counterpart in the distal pit of the first molar?
a. distolingual
b. DF triangular
c. DL triangular
d. Distal marginal
e. diustal portion of central

when viewed from saggital plane the axial inclination of the anterior teeth
a. remains vertical
b. inclines facial
c. inclines mesial
d. inclines distal
e. inclines lingually

on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?
a. mamelons
b. central groove
d. lingual groove
e. facial developmental depressions

on the crown of mandibular canine the greater labial convexity is not so great that of wich of the follwing
a. maxillary canines
b. maxillary incisors
c. mandibular incisors
d. maxillary premolars
e. mandibular premolars

 

[bratdoc]

resistance= viscosity x length/radius

Hi Butterfly22 I know that Resistance=viscosity x length/radius.... That is why i said that the answer is LENGTH!! and that viscosity sure does depend on hematocrit according to this equation the only DIRECT connection is between Length and Resistance... though hematocrit is also correct but we have to give the best possible answer!
Since in the exam we might have many instances where there maybe more than one correct answer but we have to give the BEst possible one!
So if u have any other reasoning for a different answer please discuss it here!🙂

 

[bratdoc]

when viewed from saggital plane the axial inclination of the anterior teeth
a. remains vertical
b. inclines facial---ANSWER
c. inclines mesial
d. inclines distal
e. inclines lingually

on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?
a. mamelons
b. central groove
d. lingual groove
e. facial developmental depressions---ANSWER

can u please rephrase the last question

 

[bratdoc]

Which of the following correctly describes the activity of tooth forming cells during the last part of active eruption?
1. Ameloblasts are functioning actively
2. Odontoblasts are functioning actively
3. The secondary enamel cuticle is being formed
4. Cementoblasts have completed their work and are no longer functional

Can someone please answer this WITH explanation?!

 

[drdds3]

Because odontoblasts continue to deposit dentin thruout life. so they r still active even after eruption

Which of the following correctly describes the activity of tooth forming cells during the last part of active eruption?
1. Ameloblasts are functioning actively
2. Odontoblasts are functioning actively ------ Ans
3. The secondary enamel cuticle is being formed
4. Cementoblasts have completed their work and are no longer functional

Can someone please answer this WITH explanation?!

 

[drdds3]

labial convexity of mand. canine is less than which of the following?

can u please rephrase the last question

 

[missmile]

please some one can answer this as soon as possible because my exam is on next week ,i am very tensed.

1.which describes general outline of crown of mandibular premolar in occlusal view??
a.square
b.hexagonal
c.diamond- shape
d.pentagonal
e.triangular

2.******ed growth of portion of single tooth germ,or the proliferation of segment ofodontogenic epithelium into the dental papillae results in
a.fsion
b.proliferation
c.dilaceration
d.concrescence
e.dens in dente

3.stability of temperomandiblar joint is maintained by constant activity of the mscles that pll across the joint,these muscles are primarily
a.depressors
b.elevators
c.infrahyoid
d.suprahyoid
thank you in advance

 

[Svetlana]

BTW for the second question i thought that A U G could not be repeated in a single codon that is why i said 6... but since u told me the answer of the second question was 27 ... i read the question again and saw it said a "polynucleotide chain which contains only A U G" (that means more than one of each-"poly")... i think it is coz since a single codon can code one amino acid.. and applying permutations the calculation leads to 3 x 3 x3 =27...... Woah i didnt know we would need to do all this on the exam!!!!

How is Crack?? Worth it??

Well,i think yeah.
Coz while i think that im almost prepared, there are a lot of Q where i have no idea at all!!!
Ill tell for sure,when ill take real exam!)))
Less than month left!!!!!!!

 

[bratdoc]

Because odontoblasts continue to deposit dentin thruout life. so they r still active even after eruption

Thanks👍

 

[butterfly22]

can anyone plz clear the difference b/w partial pressure and oxygen tension..like in anemia pO2 decreases but oxygen tension remains normal....
i'll really get confused wid dis...🙁

 

[butterfly22]

which of the following anatomic features restrict the amount of lateral shift that can occur on a working condyle?
a. medial wall of articular fossa on the working side
b. superior wall of articular fossa on the non-working side
c. capsular ligaments (answer)
d. stylohyoid ligament
e. stylomandibular ligament

which of the following primary grooves uniting in the distal pit on occlusal surface of the occlusal surface of the mandibular second molar represents the one that normally has no counterpart in the distal pit of the first molar?
a. distolingual
b. DF triangular
c. DL triangular
d. Distal marginal
e. diustal portion of central

when viewed from saggital plane the axial inclination of the anterior teeth
a. remains vertical
b. inclines facial (answer)
c. inclines mesial
d. inclines distal
e. inclines lingually

on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?
a. mamelons
b. central groove
d. lingual groove
e. facial developmental depressions(answer)

on the crown of mandibular canine the greater labial convexity is not so great that of wich of the follwing
a. maxillary canines
b. maxillary incisors
c. mandibular incisors (answer , as the mandi incisors are show uniform convexity incisoapically which is less dan canine)
d. maxillary premolars
e. mandibular premolars

correct me if wrong..

 

[butterfly22]

please some one can answer this as soon as possible because my exam is on next week ,i am very tensed.

1.which describes general outline of crown of mandibular premolar in occlusal view??
a.square (answer)
b.hexagonal
c.diamond- shape
d.pentagonal
e.triangular

2.******ed growth of portion of single tooth germ,or the proliferation of segment ofodontogenic epithelium into the dental papillae results in
a.fsion
b.proliferation
c.dilaceration
d.concrescence
e.dens in dente(answer..??)

3.stability of temperomandiblar joint is maintained by constant activity of the mscles that pll across the joint,these muscles are primarily
a.depressors
b.elevators(answer)
c.infrahyoid
d.suprahyoid
thank you in advance

plz correct if wrong..

 

[butterfly22]

Hi Butterfly22 I know that Resistance=viscosity x length/radius.... That is why i said that the answer is LENGTH!! and that viscosity sure does depend on hematocrit according to this equation the only DIRECT connection is between Length and Resistance... though hematocrit is also correct but we have to give the best possible answer!
Since in the exam we might have many instances where there maybe more than one correct answer but we have to give the BEst possible one!
So if u have any other reasoning for a different answer please discuss it here!🙂

Agree👍 and thanks🙂

 

[Cindrella]

on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?
a. mamelons
b. central groove
d. lingual groove
e. facial developmental depressions---ANSWER

quick question .. why can't the answer be mamelons ?


Also....

PTH promotes intestinal absorption of calcium ions only right ?! or it is calcium and phosphate ions ?? it cant be both !? sorry i'm confused

 

[teethie]

@cindrella:
i think mamelons will be the right answer here.
PTH increases intestinal Ca absorption AND INCREASED RENAL EXCRETION OF PHOSPHATE.

on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?
a. mamelons
b. central groove
d. lingual groove
e. facial developmental depressions---ANSWER

quick question .. why can't the answer be mamelons ?


Also....

PTH promotes intestinal absorption of calcium ions only right ?! or it is calcium and phosphate ions ?? it cant be both !? sorry i'm confused

 

[drdds3]

Even i think it is mammelons

on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?
a. mamelons
b. central groove
d. lingual groove
e. facial developmental depressions---ANSWER

quick question .. why can't the answer be mamelons ?


Also....

PTH promotes intestinal absorption of calcium ions only right ?! or it is calcium and phosphate ions ?? it cant be both !? sorry i'm confused

 

[Docta8]

wher can i find the asda question papers????😕

 

[teethie]

AGREE 👍

Because odontoblasts continue to deposit dentin thruout life. so they r still active even after eruption

 

[teethie]

Look in sale, classified section of forums.

wher can i find the asda question papers????😕

 

[teethie]

Yes, u r right. I checked in wheelers.

even i think it is mammelons

 

[teethie]

I read all the posts of bratdoc and butterfly22.

No doubt, resistance is related to length, radius but also to viscosity. this is what i understand from kaplan chapter cardiovascular physiology. so answer is not all of he above but a and b only becuase sluggish flow will be due to resistance not that resistance will be due to sluggish flow.

Hey Teethie

Can u plz explain why do u think it is all of the above in the following question?😕
what factor effects resistance of vessels
a. length
b. hematocrit
c. sluggish flow
(i think both b & c are the answers)
i think all of the above.

 

[Docta8]

Look in sale, classified section of forums.

thanks teethie. also, can u help me find asda papers...i've looked in so many places.

 

[Svetlana]

Each of the following is a component of the ground substance EXCEPT one.
Which one is the exc.?
1.integrin (ans)
2.proteglycans
3.heparin(why not???)
4.chondroitin sulfate
5.hyaluronic acid


Which of the following mastic.muscles DOESNT contract during elevation OR lowering the mandible?
1.med.pteryg.
2.inf.lat.pteryg (ans)
3.temporalis
4.sup.lat.pteryg
5.masseter


Which is NOT an acute phase reactant?
1.albumin(ans)
2.ferritin
3.haptoglobin
4.fibrinogen
5.alpha-1-antitrypsin
(after i answered wrong,i read it in Wiki and...should we know the whole list of these substances???)

 

[teethie]

hi drdds3, thalamus is correct. i am sure.

about the cell layer, i was waiting someone to correct me. anyway i m correcting myself it is not st. spinosum. . pl read this link and let me know too.can it be st. basale then.

http://books.google.ca/books?id=JZo...m keratohyalin granules tonofilaments&f=false

teethie,

Are u sure of the 2 answers below. plz confirm it.

on which part of brain does the general anesthesia acts and causes sedation?-------thalamus

In which layer of cell does the tonofilament and keratohyaline granules are present in least number?------stratum spinosum

 

[Svetlana]

Do you know smth about Freeze fracture technique?
(the same source of Q)))))
its to study membranes,and there is not a lot info in Wiki

 

[teethie]

hi, these questions are so hard.

Each of the following is a component of the ground substance EXCEPT one.
Which one is the exc.?
1.integrin (ans)---this is right because it is a surface protein
2.proteglycans
3.heparin(why not???)---it is a component of ground substance, somewhere mentioned in decks.
4.chondroitin sulfate
5.hyaluronic acid


Which of the following mastic.muscles DOESNT contract during elevation OR lowering the mandible?
1.med.pteryg.
2.inf.lat.pteryg (ans)-i thought all of these contract????
3.temporalis
4.sup.lat.pteryg
5.masseter


Which is NOT an acute phase reactant?
1.albumin(ans)
2.ferritin
3.haptoglobin
4.fibrinogen
5.alpha-1-antitrypsin
(after i answered wrong,i read it in Wiki and...should we know the whole list of these substances???)

 

[teethie]

read this.

http://books.google.ca/books?id=SrJ...v=onepage&q=freeze fracture technique&f=false

Do you know smth about Freeze fracture technique?
(the same source of Q)))))
its to study membranes,and there is not a lot info in Wiki

 

[teethie]

buy on asda.org website.

thanks teethie. also, can u help me find asda papers...i've looked in so many places.

 

[Svetlana]

Thanks teethy!!!
Didnt know about heparin!
Also havent heard about freeze fr.until now)))

Thanks!
And the Q are really hard!

 

[drdds3]

lobe of cerebrum occupies middle cranial fossa
a.frotal parietal
b.frontal temporal

trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental
b.submand
c.deep cervical

which musle help in voice production by larynx
a.post arytenoid with transverse
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid

posterior wall of axilla by which ,muscle except
a.humerus
b.serratus anterior
c.pecto major
c.ters major
e.lattis dorsi
(all of these options are given)

 

[teethie]

wdent, here is the summary:

Celiac trunk divides into common hepatic which further forms
1. RT. HEPATIC ARTERY-----supplies right lobe of liver
It gives rise to cystic art. to supply gall bladder

2. LT. HEPATIC ARTERY-----supplies left lobe of liver
it branches into right gastric and gastric duodenal artery.

Decks number 50 anatomy...
Its confusing how does the liver get its blood supply !!! can someone put down the blood pathway pls !!

 

[teethie]

lobe of cerebrum occupies middle cranial fossa
a.frotal parietal
b.frontal temporal---------

trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental ----------------sure answer
b.submand
c.deep cervical

which musle help in voice production by larynx
a.post arytenoid with transverse
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid

posterior wall of axilla by which ,muscle except
a.humerus
b.serratus anterior
c.pecto major
c.ters major
e.lattis dorsi
(all of these options are given)
no clue then.

..

 

[Cindrella]

lobe of cerebrum occupies middle cranial fossa
a.frotal parietal
b.frontal temporal ... felt it should have been temporal and parietal ?![/COLOR] 😕

trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental .... answer
b.submand
c.deep cervical

which musle help in voice production by larynx no clue !
a.post arytenoid with transverse .. answer ?![/COLOR]
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid

posterior wall of axilla by which ,muscle except
a.humerus
b.serratus anterior ...Answer [/COLOR]
c.pecto major
c.ters major
e.lattis dorsi
(all of these options are given)

pls correct me

 

[drdds3]

bratdoc, wdent

Do u have any idea of these Qs

lobe of cerebrum occupies middle cranial fossa
a.frotal parietal
b.frontal temporal

trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental
b.submand
c.deep cervical

which musle help in voice production by larynx
a.post arytenoid with transverse
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid

posterior wall of axilla by which ,muscle except
a.humerus
b.serratus anterior
c.pecto major
c.ters major
e.lattis dorsi
(all of these options are given)

 

[Cindrella]

wdent, here is the summary:

Celiac trunk divides into common hepatic which further forms
1. RT. HEPATIC ARTERY-----supplies right lobe of liver
It gives rise to cystic art. to supply gall bladder

2. LT. HEPATIC ARTERY-----supplies left lobe of liver
it branches into right gastric and gastric duodenal artery.

👍 thanks teethie... can u pls put up a similar one for venous system for liver...

 

[drdds3]

trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental ----------------sure answer
b.submand
c.deep cervical
why cant it be 'submandibular' since submental drains only centre part of lower lip

which musle help in voice production by larynx
a.post arytenoid with transverse
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid ------- ans i think

no clue for other 2 Qs
Need help guys if someone can

..

 

[Svetlana]

lobe of cerebrum occupies middle cranial fossa
a.frotal parietal
b.frontal temporal ans i think,parietal is above

trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental ans(+lower incisor+tongue tip)
b.submand
c.deep cervical

which musle help in voice production by larynx
a.post arytenoid with transverse
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid

posterior wall of axilla by which ,muscle except
a.humerus
b.serratus anterior medial wall???????????
c.pecto major anterior????????
c.ters major
e.lattis dorsi
(all of these options are given)

Correct me

 

[wdent]

Thanks For ur explanation Teethie..🙂


trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental
b.submand ..................Answer( since submand can darins more str. )
c.deep cervical


which musle help in voice production by larynx
a.post arytenoid with transverse
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid .....answer


posterior wall of axilla by which ,muscle except
a.humerus ...................answer
b.serratus anterior .........answer
c.pecto major ...............answer
c.ters major
e.lattis dorsi..................answer
This Quest. is messed up for sure as u can see ,,bec. what i know they r only 3 muscles
which r :
Subscapularis,latsimus dorse and teres major .....thats what iknow ! so defenately there is somthin wrong in the question

Pls correct me if iam wrong !!!

 

[teethie]

hi drdds3 and wdent,

Please go thru this link and question does not mention parts of the lip if it is central or lateral. therefore answer is both submental and submandibular.

http://books.google.ca/books?id=PgU... drains to nodes&pg=PA300#v=onepage&q&f=false

trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental ----------------sure answer
b.submand
c.deep cervical
why cant it be 'submandibular' since submental drains only centre part of lower lip

which musle help in voice production by larynx
a.post arytenoid with transverse
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid ------- ans i think

no clue for other 2 Qs
Need help guys if someone can

 

[drdds3]

Thnx for the link teethie.
But in the following link it is given clearly that it is drained by submental lymphnodes.

http://books.google.com/books?id=JC...of lower lip by submental lymph nodes&f=false

check under the heading face

hi drdds3 and wdent,

Please go thru this link and question does not mention parts of the lip if it is central or lateral. therefore answer is both submental and submandibular.

http://books.google.ca/books?id=PgU... drains to nodes&pg=PA300#v=onepage&q&f=false

 

[drdds3]

2.which of the following is deceased except one-
a.brain dna
b.mitochondria m rna
c.some cns related

3..hyoid protrusion –
Options all supra and infrahyoid muscles

4.trauma at L 1 level so , which organ likely to be damaged
a.pancrease
b.kidney
c.gall
d.liver

5. caries involves all except:
a. lactic acid
b. acetic acid
c. palmitic acid
d. oleic acid
e. linoleiic acid

 

[teethie]

I read your link, it says both submental and submandibular.
i am sure nowthat it is both, since my link and your link clarifies it.

Thnx for the link teethie.
But in the following link it is given clearly that it is drained by submental lymphnodes.

http://books.google.com/books?id=JC...of lower lip by submental lymph nodes&f=false

check under the heading face

 

[bratdoc]

Yes, u r right. I checked in wheelers.

Hi Teethie
Can u plz write down what exactly is in Wheeler's??

Coz i think mamelons is the name given to only the incisal edge part.. but on the facial surface it is facial developmental grooves...
Here is what is written in Kaplan Dentessentials
Pg 384
The lobes of a tooth act as the major center of the formation of enamel. In the fully developed tooth, these lobes give rise to the formation of cusps, mammelons, and cingula. The coalescence of the lobes is marked by the formation of developmental depressions(anterior teeth) and developmental grooves(posterior teeth)
and also coz the question asks "on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?"
and according to wiki "Mammelons are usually found as three small bumps on the incisal edges of anterior teeth. They are the remnants of three lobes of formation of these teeth, the fourth lobe represented by the cingulum."

Do lemme know what is written in Wheeler's coz Wheeler's is more accurate!

 

[bratdoc]

bratdoc, wdent

Do u have any idea of these Qs

Originally Posted by drdds3
lobe of cerebrum occupies middle cranial fossa
a.frotal parietal
b.frontal temporal----ANSWER (dont know why both the options have "frontal" in them though)check http://http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_cranial_fossa#Lateral_parts

trauma in lower lip which lymh node swell first
a.submental ------Answer
b.submand ------Answer
c.deep cervical

which musle help in voice production by larynx
a.post arytenoid with transverse -- Absolutely no idea just guessing (see below)
b.transverse and lateral arytenoid
c. cricothyroid

If someone is sure of the answer to this question plz POST IT!

Cricothyroid muscles lengthen and stretch the vocal folds.
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscles abduct and externally rotate the arytenoid cartilages, resulting in abducted vocal cords.
Lateral cricoarytenoid muscles adduct and internally rotate the arytenoid cartilages, which can result in adducted vocal folds.
Transverse arytenoid muscle adducts the arytenoid cartilages, resulting in adducted vocal cords

posterior wall of axilla by which ,muscle except
a.humerus -----Answer (weird question!! not clear what they wanted to ask and many options seem right but since they asked "muscle" this might be most obvious choice since all the rest are muscles)
b.serratus anterior
c.pecto major
c.ters major
e.lattis dorsi
(all of these options are given)

do correct me if im wrong

 

[drdds3]

teethie, bratdoc, wdent, cindrella can u plz answer these Qs

2.which of the following is deceased except one-
a.brain dna
b.mitochondria m rna
c.some cns related

3..hyoid protrusion –
Options all supra and infrahyoid muscles

4.trauma at L 1 level so , which organ likely to be damaged
a.pancrease
b.kidney
c.gall
d.liver

5. caries involves all except:
a. lactic acid
b. acetic acid
c. palmitic acid
d. oleic acid
e. linoleiic acid

 

[pb2007]

2.which of the following is deceased except one-
a.brain dna
b.mitochondria m rna
c.some cns related

3..hyoid protrusion –
Options all supra and infrahyoid muscles

4.trauma at L 1 level so , which organ likely to be damaged
a.pancrease
b.kidney ......answer http://www.anaesthetist.com/anaes/patient/ans/Findex.htm
c.gall
d.liver

5. caries involves all except:
a. lactic acid
b. acetic acid
c. palmitic acid
d. oleic acid
e. linoleiic acid.............answer coz this is essential fatty acid which we need frm outside
plz correct if wrong

 

[teethie]

bratdoc, acc to wheelers:
a lobe is one of the primary sections of formation in the development of crown. Cusps and mamelons are representative of lobes. A mamelon is anyone of the three rounded protuberances found on the incisal ridges of newly eruptd incisor teeth.
There are development lines present on labial surface of max CENTRAL INCISOR (pg129 of wheelers).

on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?
a. mamelons---this is my answer since question is about incisor which does not have development depressions. deveopment lines are different from development depressions.
b. central groove
d. lingual groove
e. facial developmental depressions--these are present on max canine.

correct me if wrong.

Hi Teethie
Can u plz write down what exactly is in Wheeler's??

Coz i think mamelons is the name given to only the incisal edge part.. but on the facial surface it is facial developmental grooves...
Here is what is written in Kaplan Dentessentials
Pg 384
The lobes of a tooth act as the major center of the formation of enamel. In the fully developed tooth, these lobes give rise to the formation of cusps, mammelons, and cingula. The coalescence of the lobes is marked by the formation of developmental depressions(anterior teeth) and developmental grooves(posterior teeth)
and also coz the question asks "on the crown of an incisor which of the following featires separates the labial lobes?"
and according to wiki "Mammelons are usually found as three small bumps on the incisal edges of anterior teeth. They are the remnants of three lobes of formation of these teeth, the fourth lobe represented by the cingulum."

Do lemme know what is written in Wheeler's coz Wheeler's is more accurate!

 

[butterfly22]

can anyone plz clear the difference b/w partial pressure and oxygen tension..like in anemia pO2 decreases but oxygen tension remains normal....
i'll really get confused wid dis...🙁

smeone plz help me wid this..

 

[teethie]

hi butterfly22, read this link point mentioned under 3.D.

http://books.google.ca/books?id=9Qu...ge&q=PARTIAL PRESSURES OXYGEN TENSION&f=false

smeone plz help me wid this..

 

[drdds3]

Thanks pb2007

2.which of the following is deceased except one-
a.brain dna
b.mitochondria m rna
c.some cns related

3..hyoid protrusion –
Options all supra and infrahyoid muscles

4.trauma at L 1 level so , which organ likely to be damaged
a.pancrease
b.kidney ......answer http://www.anaesthetist.com/anaes/patient/ans/Findex.htm
c.gall
d.liver

5. caries involves all except:
a. lactic acid
b. acetic acid
c. palmitic acid
d. oleic acid
e. linoleiic acid.............answer coz this is essential fatty acid which we need frm outside
plz correct if wrong