Can anyone touch on
1: how often you can moonlight in these programs (for example, once a week)
2: What does a typical shift look like (for example, holding a pager for 14 hours)
3: what the hourly pay is like
I'll take the dive here, because when I was a dental student these were things I really wanted to know. I'm going to do so anonymously, because reasons. Don't ask what program I'm in or try to figure out which region of the country I'm from. The only identifying information I intend to reveal is that I am in a six-year program. I worked during medical school and stopped working when residency resumed.
1. How often depends on how busy my contemporary rotation was. As a preclinical medical student I worked four or five days per month. As a medical student on clerkships that was reduced to about three times per month. Any day that you do not have an obligation for residency or school, you can work. Having said that, that work needs to be available, which leads me to my next answer.
2. I associated with several different offices. Many offices are not willing to be open on weekends (ancillary staff such as assistants, receptionists, usually demand higher pay) When I moonlit, it was at a private dental office, and not in an urgent care/hospital setting as I assume you were positing your questions. At the office where I did most of my work, my first appointments were at 8 AM and my last appointments were at 4:30 PM. I mostly extracted teeth, all under local anesthesia or nitrous. I did selective expose & bonds, torus removal, implants etc, but 90% of my procedures were extractions, impactions included. I averaged about 35 teeth per day. The most was 71. To some, these numbers may sound ridiculous, but these were typically high-volume, low premium offices. I NEVER claimed to be an oral surgeon. If patients asked, I was honest about my training level, and explained that I was a dentist who almost exclusively extracts teeth. The offices had enough volume that if a patient wanted a referral to an OMFS, it wouldn't dampen the day. I have to note that I was lucky to have this situation and find these offices, and I don't know if this is typical of the resident moonlighting experience.
3. The high-volume, low premium offices would pay 50% of production. Low-volume, high premium offices typically offered between 30-40%. Some offices offer a per-diem and stuff your schedule until your back breaks.
And now for the juicy stuff you've been waiting for: I averaged about $1900/day. The most I made in one day was $5100.
So maybe it sounds like I was rolling in it, but all of that came after paying for equipment, malpractice insurance, licensing exams, applications, licensing itself, implants, etc. Also most 6's don't pay you during medical school, and tuition is getting more ridiculous every year. I still needed loans for medical school when all was said and done, but I would have needed so much more without it.
Now that I'm finished with the questions, I'm going to fulfill my obligation as an internet commenter and hoist myself onto a soapbox for a minute.
Moonlighting was one of the most fulfilling parts of residency. During medical school you take a huge step back in responsibility/social standing. It's nice to be reminded that you're capable of making decisions (and some disposable income) amongst all the med school hoop-jumping. I don't know if I could have retained my hand skills without it, but I came back to residency with skills and confidence that were dramatically improved.
There's too much variety in training programs already, but I would encourage any applicant to consider moonlighting policies as a major factor in his or her decision. Hope this helps.