many states require np's to be supervised ...they just call it "collaboration " instead but it means the same thing.....
do they need an md to review their work on certain patients, yes....are they then independent....no
can they practice as generalist like pa's? for the most part...no, they are limited by the extent of their training
peds np can't see adults
ob np can't see men or kids
adult np can't see kids
the fnp degree is a fairly general np degree and allows the most flexibility if you want to go the np route