please answer this question

[snigdha007]

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Depleted oxaloacetate means;
1.gluconeogenesis is active
2.Cori cycle is active
3.Acetyl CoA will enter kreb cycle
4.fatty acid degradation will be inhibited
5. increase ketone body synthesis

 

[Haversian Canal]

having High oxaloacetate levels indecates low energy levels which means we tend to make sugar to save the brain/ not because of cori cycle because we may have suffecent O2 ( but on starvation or hypoglycemia )

so i'll take 1 ( but not way sure )

 

[Idiopathic]

should be 5? low oxaloacetate means low protein stores too and as such, FA breakdown and ketosis?

 

[joe6102]

should be 5? low oxaloacetate means low protein stores too and as such, FA breakdown and ketosis?

Bingo, oxaloacetate is used for gluconeogenesis during fasting/hypoglycemia. Acetyl CoA can't go into the Krebs cycle, so it is coverted to ketone bodies.

 

[snigdha007]

1which of the following types of food poisoning is best treated with antibiotics?
a.botulism
b.salmonella
c.hepatitis A
d.staphylococcal
e.paralytic shellfish poisoning


2.immunologic injury that involves activation of complement as an important event in producing damage to tissues is found in which of the following reactions?
a.delayed ype hypersensitivity
b.anaphylactic type hypersensitivity
c.immune complex mediated hypersensitivity
d.antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity

 

[Idiopathic]

1. b
2. c

 

[snigdha007]

1.vasodilation and increased vasopermiability lasting for several days in an area of inflammattion,indicate which of the following?
A.thrombosis
B.release of histamine
C.hageman factor activation
D.formation of granulation tissue
E.endothelial cee damage and disruption.

2.Each of the following diseases may cause malabsorption of vitamin, fats, proteins except:
1.ulcerative colitis
2.jaundice
3.giardiasis
4.gastrititis
5. Crohn's Disease


3..vasodilation and increased vasopermiability lasting for several days in an area of inflammattion,indicate which of the following?
A.thrombosis
B.release of histamine
C.hageman factor activation
D.formation of granulation tissue
E.endothelial cee damage and disruption.

 

[snigdha007]

1.if you have 60% oxygen and 40% NO – then you have

a.450 O2
b.150
c.200
d.300

.2.if you have a stimulus with huge intensity – what is the response?
Response of an axon with large stimulus
Or high frequency of response

 

[Idiopathic]

1.vasodilation and increased vasopermiability lasting for several days in an area of inflammattion,indicate which of the following?
A.thrombosis
B.release of histamine
C.hageman factor activation
D.formation of granulation tissue
E.endothelial cee damage and disruption.

2.Each of the following diseases may cause malabsorption of vitamin, fats, proteins except:
1.ulcerative colitis
2.jaundice
3.giardiasis
4.gastrititis
5. Crohn's Disease


3..vasodilation and increased vasopermiability lasting for several days in an area of inflammattion,indicate which of the following?
A.thrombosis
B.release of histamine
C.hageman factor activation
D.formation of granulation tissue
E.endothelial cee damage and disruption.

For number 1, Im inclined to say a or e (with e>a)
For number 2, the answer is UC. Only affects the colon, not the absorptive small bowel.

 

[Idiopathic]

1.if you have 60% oxygen and 40% NO – then you have

a.450 O2
b.150
c.200
d.300

.2.if you have a stimulus with huge intensity – what is the response?
Response of an axon with large stimulus
Or high frequency of response

I dont even know what the first question asks, but since 60% o2 is roughly three times that of atm o2, Ill say d.

Number 2 is referencing the all-or-none principle, I believe, so the answer should be high frequency.

 

[navigator420]

2.Each of the following diseases may cause malabsorption of vitamin, fats, proteins except:
1.ulcerative colitis
2.jaundice
3.giardiasis
4.gastrititis
5. Crohn's Disease

i think it is d) gastritis, becoz practically speaking u would nt expect anyone with gastritis to have malabsorption

 

[snigdha007]

i think in B12 defeciency chronic gastritis may ocuur.
thats why i am confused
i thought jaundice .but i am not sure

thankyou for ur reply
snigdha

 

[tupac_don]

1which of the following types of food poisoning is best treated with antibiotics?
a.botulism
b.salmonella
c.hepatitis A
d.staphylococcal
e.paralytic shellfish poisoning


2.immunologic injury that involves activation of complement as an important event in producing damage to tissues is found in which of the following reactions?
a.delayed ype hypersensitivity
b.anaphylactic type hypersensitivity
c.immune complex mediated hypersensitivity
d.antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity

1-->b
2-->c

 

[Idiopathic]

i think in B12 defeciency chronic gastritis may ocuur.
thats why i am confused
i thought jaundice .but i am not sure

thankyou for ur reply
snigdha

jaundice = gall bladder/liver disease...bad question but definitely 'could' cause malabsorption, as could gastritis. None of these things are absorbed in the colon, and as such, would not be affected by Ulcerative Colitis.

 

[snigdha007]

1carcinoma of thyroid is common in
a.hashimoto's thyroiditis
b.grave's disease
cnontoxic goiter


help me with this question

 

[Idiopathic]

Im not sure its terribly common, but the answer is a) hashimotos. Something like 20% of HT patients will have/already have thryoid CA.

 

[inshanesworld]

jaundice = gall bladder/liver disease...bad question but definitely 'could' cause malabsorption, as could gastritis. None of these things are absorbed in the colon, and as such, would not be affected by Ulcerative Colitis.

Actually, While long-chain fatty acids are not absorbed in the colon, short-chain ones are and several studies are showing that medium-chain fatty acids may bee absorbed too. This is one of the ways the colon is able to salvage energy that could otherwise be lost in several malabsorptive diseases.

This is from a Baylor GI Grand Round

"In healthy subjects, up to 20% of ingested carbohydrates and all undigestable starch and nonstarch polysaccharides reach the cecum, where they are converted by bacterial fermentation to short-chain fatty acids (acetic, propionic, and butyric acids). Most of the short-chain fatty acids produced from this process are absorbed in the colon.Therefore, the presence of an intact colon improves carbohydrate absorption."

Just an FYI

 

[Idiopathic]

Fair enough. For the general purposes of this question, I assumed the colon to not be an absorptive force for metabolic substrate.

 

[teddie]

2.Each of the following diseases may cause malabsorption of vitamin, fats, proteins except:
1.ulcerative colitis
2.jaundice
3.giardiasis
4.gastrititis
5. Crohn's Disease

jaundice per se can be caused by various reasons not necessarily leading to malabsorption, like hemolitic anemia or malaria, also neonatal jaundice.

 

[Thespartacus]

1. UC - most likely answer sought; while there may be data showing small role of colon in fat absorption, the proximal small intestine, where pancreatic lipase is most abundant and follows the first fatty acid degredation in the stomach by gastric lipase, is the traditional site of fatty acid absorption
2. jaundice - true, not a cause, but comorbidity present when bilirubin conjugation deficient, which means bile production also impaired, so poor fatty acid absorption in small intestine due to inability to emulsify long-chain triglyceride micelles. This would also impair fat-soluble vitamin D,E,A, and K absorption. Teddie is right, though, this might not be hepatopathology, so this answer is argueably correct too
3. giardiasis - infectious water-born protazoal disease causing N+V and enteritis
4. gastritis - intrinsic factor from gastric parietal cells deficient, so less B12 taken up by terminal ileum; also, small amount of fatty acid absorption here
5. Crohn's Disease - a chronic inflammatory bowel diease of the intestines (predominantly distal small intestine), definately impacts nutrient absorption