the key, like the OP's all said, is to recognize content you are comfortable with versus that which does not seem familiar.
skip a question if you have no clue and come back to it.
work on approximations too: i remember some questions, i would get down to something like 137/279 * 100% where the choices are
a) 17.6%
b) 63.1%
c) 51.2%
d) 49.1%
you should recogize that double 137 is 274, so your answer will be just below 50% (ie. since 137/274 = 50% we know that 137/279 = slightly below 50%). the only realistic answer would be d)
little tricks like that might help.
also, know what to do as soon as you see a question. if they're asking about period, chances are you will set the domain equal to 2*pi and solve.
ex. what is the period of f(x) = ln(sin(2x-Pi))
right away, set 2x - Pi = 2*Pi
Then, 2x=3Pi
x=1.5 * Pi = period
other things to recognize are absolute values (know you must consider two cases, 1) if the stuff inside the abs. value is negative & 2) if the stuff inside the abs. value is positive)
also soon as you see something like a square root of something equals something else, solve for x, you should think square both sides.
it's all about recognizing question types IMO