questions NBDE 1

[dentimax]

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please, some help with these questions and if you have the explanations for your answer, it will be great..thanks.


Which of the following molecules causes the activation of myosin kinase and the contraction of smooth muscle?

actin
troponin
calmodulin
calcitonin
cholecalciferol

Intelligence and sensory-motor functions of a patient appear to be intact. However, the patient lacks self-discipline and has exhibited anti-social behavior. He is unable to plan for the future or to organize behaviors into logical sequences. A lesion in which of the following areas is likely?

frontal lobe
occipital lobe
internal capsule
temporal lobe
parietal lobe

 

[krishna99]

please, some help with these questions and if you have the explanations for your answer, it will be great..thanks.


Which of the following molecules causes the activation of myosin kinase and the contraction of smooth muscle?

actin
troponin
calmodulin- ans
calcitonin
cholecalciferol

Intelligence and sensory-motor functions of a patient appear to be intact. However, the patient lacks self-discipline and has exhibited anti-social behavior. He is unable to plan for the future or to organize behaviors into logical sequences. A lesion in which of the following areas is likely?

frontal lobe-ans
occipital lobe
internal capsule
temporal lobe
parietal lobe

correct me if wrong

 

[dentimax]

In 1 yes, you are right. I was kind of confuse about Troponin is a complex of three regulatory proteins that is integral to muscle contraction in skeletal and cardiac muscle, but not smooth muscle.
but in #2, i'm not sure, frontal lobe is the area of higher intellectual function which in the question they said that seems appear intact, and parietal lobe is the area of integration and interpretation center. Do you have the explanation of your answer,please?
thank you

 

[pbkal]

please, some help with these questions and if you have the explanations for your answer, it will be great..thanks.


Which of the following molecules causes the activation of myosin kinase and the contraction of smooth muscle?

actin
troponin
calmodulin-answer
calcitonin
cholecalciferol

Intelligence and sensory-motor functions of a patient appear to be intact. However, the patient lacks self-discipline and has exhibited anti-social behavior. He is unable to plan for the future or to organize behaviors into logical sequences. A lesion in which of the following areas is likely?

frontal lobe
occipital lobe
internal capsule
temporal lobe
parietal lobe-answr

-answer

 

[dentimax]

hi pbkal,

in #2, please explain, thanks.

 

[pbkal]

hi pbkal,

in #2, please explain, thanks.

frontal lobe is concerned with the intelligence......
occipetal is for vision
temporal is for auditory
parietal is the interpretation and integration center,since the person has problem with future planning-implies the inadequate interpret quality.this is my thinking.pls correct if im wrong.

 

[dentimax]

pls anybody,confirm these answers, thnxs

1-Initially, the developing heart is

induced by the notochord.
positioned posterior to the notochord.
positioned anterior to the prochordal plate.- answer
between the prochordal plate and the notochord.

2- A stab wound creating a penumothorx on the left side will usually result in collapse of which of the following?
the left lung only- answer
the right lung only
both lungs
the rib cage on the left side
the left lung and pericardial sac

3-Intelligence and sensory motor functions of a patient appear to be intact. However, the patient lacks self discipline and has exhibited antisocial behavior. He is unable to plan for the future or to organize behaviors into logical sequences. A lesion in which of the following areas is likely?

frontal lobe- Answer (if somebody can explain this one, please)
occipital lobe
internal capsule
temporal lobe
parietal lobe.

4- If the anticodon on transfer-RNA is 5'ACG3, then which of the following is its corresponding codon on messenger -RNA?

5' CGT 3'
5'CGU 3' -Answer
5 TGC 3'
5' UAG 3'
5'UGC 3'

 

[keshav]

pls anybody,confirm these answers, thnxs
3-Intelligence and sensory motor functions of a patient appear to be intact. However, the patient lacks self discipline and has exhibited antisocial behavior. He is unable to plan for the future or to organize behaviors into logical sequences. A lesion in which of the following areas is likely?

frontal lobe- Answer (if somebody can explain this one, please)
social activities-frontal
4- If the anticodon on transfer-RNA is 5'ACG3, then which of the following is its corresponding codon on messenger -RNA?

5' CGT 3'
5'CGU 3' -Answer
5 TGC 3'
5' UAG 3'
5'UGC 3'

tRNAgoes 3-5 and mran 5-3 hence that is the answer

 

[Kash]

please, some help with these questions and if you have the explanations for your answer, it will be great..thanks.


Which of the following molecules causes the activation of myosin kinase and the contraction of smooth muscle?

actin
troponin
calmodulin
calcitonin
cholecalciferol

Intelligence and sensory-motor functions of a patient appear to be intact. However, the patient lacks self-discipline and has exhibited anti-social behavior. He is unable to plan for the future or to organize behaviors into logical sequences. A lesion in which of the following areas is likely?

frontal lobe (answer)
occipital lobe
internal capsule
temporal lobe
parietal lobe

Frontal lobe is for personality, judgement, reasoning and social behaviour.

 

[dentimax]

Thank you Kash, Keshav,pbkal,..really good help!

1-Cell bodies of neurons mediating proprioception from the periodontal ligament of the maxillary first molar lie primary in the,

semilunar ganglion
motor nucleus of V
spinal nucleus of V
chief sensory nucleus of V
mesencephalic nucleus of V

2-in the adult, cerebrospinal fluid can be aspirated most safely by inserting the needle between the third and the fourth lumbar vertebrae because,

there is more space between the laminae of these two vertebrae.
the subarachnoid space does not extend below lumbar 4.
the spinal cord usually does not extend below lumbar 2.
there is less danger of entering the internal vertebral plexus at this level.
there are no important nerves in this part of the vertebral canal.

 

[Venkatcpp]

Thank you Kash, Keshav,pbkal,..really good help!

1-Cell bodies of neurons mediating proprioception from the periodontal ligament of the maxillary first molar lie primary in the,

semilunar ganglion
motor nucleus of V
spinal nucleus of V
chief sensory nucleus of V
mesencephalic nucleus of V(answer)

2-in the adult, cerebrospinal fluid can be aspirated most safely by inserting the needle between the third and the fourth lumbar vertebrae because,

there is more space between the laminae of these two vertebrae.
the subarachnoid space does not extend below lumbar 4.
the spinal cord usually does not extend below lumbar 2.(answer)
there is less danger of entering the internal vertebral plexus at this level.
there are no important nerves in this part of the vertebral canal.

does anyone disagree??
thanks.

 

[uabsfm]

frontal lobe is associated with functions like ,
intelligence, social behavior, abstract thinking, speech organization, so that is the correct answer

parital lobe is mainly associated with sensory function

 

[dentimax]

In general, enzyme deficiency diseases are inherited by which of the following modes

polygenic
x linked dominant
autosomal recessive
autosomal dominant

During repair which of the following substances is essential for precollagen fibers to transform into collagen fibers?

cortisone
carotene
ascorbic acid
prothrombin
thromboplastin

 

[gudluk]

In general, enzyme deficiency diseases are inherited by which of the following modes

polygenic
x linked dominant
autosomal recessive(answer)
autosomal dominant

During repair which of the following substances is essential for precollagen fibers to transform into collagen fibers?

cortisone
carotene
ascorbic acid
prothrombin(ans)
thromboplastin

let me know if have any doubts

 

[robhmnt]

In general, enzyme deficiency diseases are inherited by which of the following modes

polygenic
x linked dominant
autosomal recessive
autosomal dominant

During repair which of the following substances is essential for precollagen fibers to transform into collagen fibers?

cortisone
carotene
ascorbic acid
prothrombin
thromboplastin

prothrombin has nothing to do with collagen formation, as far as I know...
Vitamin C is used to hydroxylated proline on precollagen peptides in order to get them ready for glycosylation, which will bring three precollagen polypeptides together to form collagen.

 

[gudluk]

prothrombin has nothing to do with collagen formation, as far as I know...
Vitamin C is used to hydroxylated proline on precollagen peptides in order to get them ready for glycosylation, which will bring three precollagen polypeptides together to form collagen.

both of them are correct

 

[robhmnt]

both of them are correct

Do you have any source for the effect of prothrombin on the formation of collagen? I can't find anything... Prothrombin is the precursor for thrombin, which converts fibrinogen to fibrin during the blood clotting process.

 

[pbkal]

does anyone disagree??
thanks.

yess,both answers r right.

 

[pbkal]

In general, enzyme deficiency diseases are inherited by which of the following modes

polygenic
x linked dominant
autosomal recessive-answer
autosomal dominant

During repair which of the following substances is essential for precollagen fibers to transform into collagen fibers?

cortisone
carotene
ascorbic acid-answer
prothrombin
thromboplastin

prothrombin plays role in clotting.

 

[dentimax]

answer: ascorbic acid

 

[dentimax]

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the head have their cell bodies in the

paravertebral ganglia
cervicothoracic ganglia
superior cervical ganglia
gray rami communicantes of the thoracic region
intermediolateral horns of the thoracic spinal cord.


The enzyme catalyzing the rate controlling step in the de novo synthesis of fatty acids is regualted allosterically by the positive modulator

ATP
NADPH
citrate
cyclic AMP
oxaloacetate

 

[dentimax]

origen of wall of the pharynx? Which pouch or branchial arches?

no answers.

where do you find 9 + 2 arrangements of microtubules?

 

[dentimax]

Is high blood pressure a symptom of diabetes or is an exception?

 

[gudluk]

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers to the head have their cell bodies in the

paravertebral ganglia
cervicothoracic ganglia
superior cervical ganglia
gray rami communicantes of the thoracic region
intermediolateral horns of the thoracic spinal cord.(ans)


The enzyme catalyzing the rate controlling step in the de novo synthesis of fatty acids is regualted allosterically by the positive modulator

ATP
NADPH
citrate(ans)
cyclic AMP
oxaloacetate

l think these r the answers

 

[dentimax]

That's right..sympathetic innervation involves a two neuron pathway. the preganglionic neuron has a cell body in the intermediolateral horns of the thoracic vertebrae. this neuron synapses in a ganglion of the sympathetic chain lateral to the spinal cord. these ganglia contain the cell bodies of the postganglionic neuron. the postganglionicneuron will innervate the structure involved. #2 in the first stage of fatty acid synthesis , acetyl CoA generally derived from carbohydrate metabolism is converted to malonil under de action of enzyme acetyl carboxylase, so acetyl carboxylase requires the presence of CITRATE which allows the polymerization of the protomer that produces active form of the enzyme for what i understand.

 

[gudluk]

where do you find 9 + 2 arrangements of microtubules?[/quote]
axoneme(cilia and flagella)

 

[LBU]

Is it not NADPH

 

[gudluk]

its citrate for sure

 

[dentimax]

thxs gudluk.

GABA increases the permeability of postsynaptic membranes to which of the following ions?

sodium
calcium
chloride
magnesium
potassium

origen of wall of the pharynx? Which pouch or branchial arches?
Is high blood pressure a symptom of diabetes or is an exception?

 

[gudluk]

thxs gudluk.
u r most welcome dentimax..when do u plan 2 take ur exam?


GABA increases the permeability of postsynaptic membranes to which of the following ions?

sodium
calcium
chloride(ans)
magnesium
potassium

origen of wall of the pharynx? Which pouch or branchial arches?
i think it shud be second pharngeal pouch since palatine tonsil originates from second pouch and is present between palatoglssus and palatopharngeal which is a part of pharyx.

Is high blood pressure a symptom of diabetes or is an exception?

i think its not a symptom yeah but in most cases it is associated with diabebtes.it may or may not be present.

 

[dentimax]

So, then if the question is:
All of the following are the cardinal symptoms of diabetes, except:

polydipsia
polyuria
High blood pressure
polyphagia
weight loss
loss of strength

Which one should be the exception?

 

[dentimax]

LBU

it's not NADPH 'cause it's involved in the production of fatty acids later in the cycle..
hope this helps..

 

[gudluk]

So, then if the question is:
All of the following are the cardinal symptoms of diabetes, except:

polydipsia
polyuria
High blood pressure
polyphagia
weight loss(ans)
loss of strength

Which one should be the exception?

i think its wt loss.

 

[robhmnt]

So, then if the question is:
All of the following are the cardinal symptoms of diabetes, except:

polydipsia
polyuria
High blood pressure
polyphagia
weight loss
loss of strength

Which one should be the exception?

glucose is being excreted in urine, so it sucks more water out as well by osmosis (polyuria). loss of a lot of water causes excessive thirst (polydipsia). Blood glucose cannot get in cells, therefore you lose strenght and the body thinks energy is not available and stimulates so much hunger (polyphagia). you eat a lot and gain weight. Also, a lot of glucose in blood increases blood viscousity, which increases peripheral resistance. To maintain the normal blood flow, blood pressure can increase in diabetic patients ( Pressure = peripheral resistance * blood flow).

 

[robhmnt]

thxs gudluk.

GABA increases the permeability of postsynaptic membranes to which of the following ions?

sodium
calcium
chloride
magnesium
potassium

GABA increases the postsynaptic membrane permeabillity to Cl- ions. Cl- concentration is higher in the Extra cellular space; therefore, more Cl- permeability will cause an influx of Cl- which will reduce the resting potential of the neruon (hyperpolarization). This is how GABA acts as an inhibitory neurotransmitter.

 

[dentimax]

answer high blood pressure, as gudluk said it may or may not be present., and 'cause It's not a constant. This is an exception in diabetes.

 

[dentimax]

breathing a gas mixture with 5 percent CO2 ultimately leads to which of the following?

hypoventilation
a decrease in heart rate
a stimulation of central chemoreceptors
an inhibition of perpheral chemoreceptors
a decrease in cerebrospinal fluid hydrogen ion concentration


Tay-Sachs disease is associated with an inborn error of metabolism involving a specific enzyme which noramlly degrades a particular molecule in the gray matter. This enazyme acts on which of the following

polysaccharides
acylglycerols
gangliosides
fatty acids
proteins

 

[gudluk]

breathing a gas mixture with 5 percent CO2 ultimately leads to which of the following?

hypoventilation
a decrease in heart rate
a stimulation of central chemoreceptors(ans)
an inhibition of perpheral chemoreceptors
a decrease in cerebrospinal fluid hydrogen ion concentration


Tay-Sachs disease is associated with an inborn error of metabolism involving a specific enzyme which noramlly degrades a particular molecule in the gray matter. This enazyme acts on which of the following

polysaccharides
acylglycerols
gangliosides(ans)
fatty acids
proteins

cheers

 

[stipples323]

Booklet 1-F #31

Which of the following teeth have their long axes most nearly perpendicular to the horizontal plane when the teeth are in maximum intercuspation?

1. Mn incisors
2. Mx and Mn molars
3. Mx and Mn canines
4. Mx and Mn premolars

Answer - 4

I thought canines are the most vertically positioned tooth in the mouth, so I chose 3. Can anyone clarify?

 

[dentimax]

Each of the following develops as an outpocketing of the gut tube except one. which one is this exception?

lung
liver
spleen
pancreas
gallbladder

As the subclavian vein crosses the first rib, it lies

anterior to the anterior scalene muscle.
posterior to the anterior scalene muscle
posterior to the posterior scalene muscle
between the anterior and the posterior scalene muscles
between the scalene posterior and the levator scapulae muscles.

 

[phungy]

As the subclavian vein crosses the first rib, it lies

anterior to the anterior scalene muscle.
posterior to the anterior scalene muscle
posterior to the posterior scalene muscle
between the anterior and the posterior scalene muscles
between the scalene posterior and the levator scapulae muscles.

The subclavian vein crosses the first rib at the anterior end of the rib and lies between the anterior scalene muscle and the posterior bulge of the head of the clavicle.

 

[gudluk]

Each of the following develops as an outpocketing of the gut tube except one. which one is this exception?

lung
liver
spleen(ans)
pancreas
gallbladder

As the subclavian vein crosses the first rib, it lies

anterior to the anterior scalene muscle.(ans)
posterior to the anterior scalene muscle
posterior to the posterior scalene muscle
between the anterior and the posterior scalene muscles
between the scalene posterior and the levator scapulae muscles.

subclavian artery lies posterior to anterior scalene muscle


hope this helps
cheers

 

[lucyhua]

both of them are correct

Do you have any explain about prothrombin on the formation of collagen?

 

[robhmnt]

Do you have any explain about prothrombin on the formation of collagen?

I have looked into this extensively, and couldn't find anything in the book or any research paper. prothrombine is responsible for "fibrin" formation, not collagen, unless we get an explanation from Gudluk.

 

[krishna99]

Booklet 1-F #31

Which of the following teeth have their long axes most nearly perpendicular to the horizontal plane when the teeth are in maximum intercuspation?

1. Mn incisors
2. Mx and Mn molars
3. Mx and Mn canines
4. Mx and Mn premolars

Answer - 4

I thought canines are the most vertically positioned tooth in the mouth, so I chose 3. Can anyone clarify?

maxillary and mandibular premolars are the most vertical teeth in the mouth when viewed from sagittal aspect so the answer to this qs should be 4.