I think mig26x responded the way he/she did was because much of the information which you seek is here on the forums already. They are a bit scattered, so you would have to do some searching. By asking such an all-encompassing question, you impress upon others that you haven't put in the time to look for the information yourself. People on this forum are generally pretty helpful, but they also lead busy lives such that few would try to tackle a question like yours. Maybe you can try breaking it up into parts.
Having said that, I'll give program reputation (which for the most part correlates with superior GI placement) a shot:
MGH=BWH=Hopkins > Penn=Duke=Columbia > Mayo MN >>>> Mayo Jacksonville = Cleveland Clinic OH
In practice though, the difference between MGH et al. and Penn/Duke etc. is pretty minimal with regards to reputation, fellowship placement, or resident quality. At that level, you need to be looking into teaching, overall atmosphere, autonomy, location etc. much more than just prestige. Some non-east coast programs you also may want to look into include UCSF, Stanford, UW, UMich, WashU, UTSW. Harvard's own Beth Israel is worth a look also.
This should get you started. Use the search function!