Hi.
No question.
We're not talking about "less-qualified applicants" or history of the school or anything of the sort. We're talking about accreditation. We're talking about standardization of medical curriculum, so that the U.S. trains and receives doctors who have had the benefit of the same education standards. Schools outside of the U.S. are not under the auspices of the oversight bodies that ensure this for our country, therefore we have absolutely no idea what kind of education someone at Bumblefrick University in the Ukraine is receiving. They have an objective measurement by which to gauge their knowledge (or ability on that particular test), i.e. the USMLE, but I think we'll all agree a medical education is more than a Step I prep course. Or damn well should be.
Yeah, well, I've got news for you - most components of this process aren't strictly merit-based. No one said "the most American" should get positions, don't put words in anyone's mouth. But the best American candidate should get the spot over an equally qualified foreign graduate, yes. Another newsflash - we're not out to train the best candidates from all over the world, we're here to train (for the most part), the most diverse, accomplished, and appropriate candidates for practice in the U.S. The U.S. residency system is not seeking to populate the world with its graduates, nor is it trying to unreasonably keep out foreign graduates (seeking a position) who wish to practice here.
Now I'm starting to wonder how far along you are in this process, as this is EXACTLY what happens, and for a legitimate reason. Take a look at the public school "state of origin" for its matriculants. Take a look at a school's match list with a teaching hospital with many residency programs. They tend to take their own. Why? Because they're prejudiced against the others? No, because it makes sense. In-state matriculants are more likely to practice in-state upon graduation. That's a fact. For the most part, public schools seek to populate their state's physicians. A school's associated hospital takes a large chunk of it's school's graduates because they've rotated through there and know the system. They know the staff and have proven their interpersonal and communication skills. They are in a position to network with the right people. This is all open to students from other schools, in the form of away rotations (which is why students go all over the country 4th year and end up matching at other institutions' programs). But since they rotated through 3rd year and at least did a sub-I at their home hospital in 4th year, they're more likely to have an edge. That edge is not closed to students from other schools.
Wow, this is a pretty naive statement. I don't even think it merits addressing, although maybe I'll point out why the Yankees are such a hated team. They have the biggest payroll, so they can just buy up all the good players from other teams. Really screws over the other teams.
Again, it's not our job to train Malaysian physicians. Just like it's not the University of Alabama's job to train students who are going to practice in New York, it's not the U.S.'s job to train doctors from all over the world in a desperate hope that they'll either A) return to their home country never to return (using a spot that a U.S. grad, known to be staying in the U.S. to practice, funded by Medicare dollars, which are U.S. tax dollars), or B) stay here, lured by better wages, standard of living, employment opportunities, social services, etc., where the U.S. public will get the benefit of a U.S. trained physician's service, but the foreign country loses a perhaps desperately needed physician. It's not the AAMC's job to train physicians for the rest of the world.
I don't know how to say it any plainer than I already have. We tend to favor U.S. grads because we seek to train U.S. physicians. We tend to favor U.S. grads because our medical education oversight does not cover the 1,000's of foreign medical schools that exist in every form, from decrepit to world-class. We know and can control what the education standard is in the U.S. We have a limit to the length of our reach in knowing and controlling what the education standard is overseas. If you'd like to lobby for the U.N. to create an oversight body that does that, more power to you, it's a great idea. And if you think USMLE performance defines "merit", that's a bad sign.