Where can I find "classic" case reports?

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majahops

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There are a million places to go to find detailed case reports of RARE presentations of specific diseases. However, for the life of me, I can not seem to find a resource for detailed case reports of CLASSIC presentations of specific diseases.

I find it very useful to follow the story in case reports and it helps me learn and retain information in a way that a textbook simply cannot. I'm sure not everybody is like me in this respect, but I'm certain I'm not alone here either.

Does anybody know where I can find a repository or resource for classic case reports? It would mean the world to me.

Thanks so much!
 
Wait... why? This is a question that could apply to residents, attendings and medical students alike. I don't get it.
 
Not sure you're going to find this. Case reports are published in journals because most people haven't seen that disease or that presentation of that disease. If it's a classic disease presentation, then we've all seen it, and it's not worth publishing.

Have you used Case Files books before?
 
Wait... why? This is a question that could apply to residents, attendings and medical students alike. I don't get it.

Because you are a medical student, asking a question most relevant to medical students. Thus, it is appropriately placed in the medical student fora where interested residents like TheProwler can come and provide a response.
 
I have used Case Files, yes... but they don't tend to include all of the labs and the workups and the clinical course for the specific patient... They tend to just be sort of a lead in to the differential... That's not what Im looking for... I'm looking for a clinical narrarative, like in the NEJM cases, but less esoteric.
 
I have used Case Files, yes... but they don't tend to include all of the labs and the workups and the clinical course for the specific patient... They tend to just be sort of a lead in to the differential... That's not what Im looking for... I'm looking for a clinical narrarative, like in the NEJM cases, but less esoteric.

Beyond Case Files. I think the source you're looking for is experience.

There's no replacement for actually working up these patients, coming up with a differential, diagnosing, treating, and following the course of the disease.
 
Beyond Case Files. I think the source you're looking for is experience.

There's no replacement for actually working up these patients, coming up with a differential, diagnosing, treating, and following the course of the disease.

Still it seems like a good question and a possible valuable resource. Surprised it doesn't exist. I'll admit that I know little about clinical medicine.
 
This is the first time I've heard a med student ask for PBL.😛
Seriously though, having PBL-like cases to read through on your own could prove really useful. I don't know of any such resource.
 
If it's a classic disease presentation, then we've all seen it, and it's not worth publishing.

I realize I have far less experience in medicine than you and I am sure I could learn a great deal from you. However, I feel reasonably confident even at this early stage of my training in assuring you that you have NOT seen every classic disease presentation. There are many variations on the "classic presentation" of almost every disease, each with their own salient aspects.

There is of course no replacement for actually working up and managing a patient yourself. This is obvious. However we don't get to choose for the next patient who walks through the door to be "a different variation of the classic presentation of disease x." While this is a beauty of medicine, it is at the same time the very reason why I think having a repository of detailed, written clinical narraratives on various common presentations of different diseases would be truly invaluable. Such narraratives stick. Not as well as actual clinical experience, but much better than uptodate (which, mmmcdowe, are nothing like case reports - but I sincerely appreciate your input) or watered-down abbreviated prompts like Case Files and infinitely better than bullet point lists of signs and symptoms and epidemiological tidbits.

I will also add one more note about Case Files. It is a nice prompt to get you thinking about differentials when given a few demographic details and laboratory values. However, the "cases" severely lack in details. In real life, there is a flood of information (e.g. historical details, lab values, imaging findings), some relevant but most irrelevant or even red herrings. One of the biggest clinical challenges of medicine is navigating through the overflow of information and using clinical reasoning to prioritize and decide what is particularly relevant and what is less so. Case Files essentially filters out all of the superfluous information and gives you a concentrated set of details, each of which points to a specific diagnosis or set of diagnoses (e.g. 62M diabetic, crushing chest pain, diaphoresis, jaw pain, trops +...). In my limited experience, that's not real medicine. I don't want the filtered information. I want the clinical narrarative with all of its imperfections and red herrings, so that I can exercise my clinical reasoning. So that at the end I can go "ahhhhh why didn't I pick up on that?" or "ohhhhh, what was I thinking?" ... and truly LEARN! That is what the complete, comprehensive case report (with all laboratory values, all imaging results, full demographic and historical details) offers.

... and I'm not saying there shouldn't be case reports of rare/novel presentations of diseases... I'm just arguing that there should be case reports of several variations on the "classic" presentation of diseases. That's all... and frankly I'm astounded such a repository doesn't exist.
 
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I agree, case reports of classic diseases(especially variations) are nice. In rotations, unless you have insane luck, you won't be able to see ALL classic types of diseases, which is unfortunate. But, makes sense in a way. It would seem kind of dark to hope for someone to walk into the hospital with abruptio placentae so you'll be able to learn working it up and managing it that during OB/GYN 😛
 
This sounds like the CLIPP and SIMPLE cases that some rotations make us do. You'd probably like them if you like working through the presentation, workup, differential of "classic" cases. And it looks like you can buy them for yourself for a fairly reasonable price if your school doesn't subscribe - at www.med-u.org
 
Wait... why? This is a question that could apply to residents, attendings and medical students alike. I don't get it.

NORD may have some leads.
 
This sounds like the CLIPP and SIMPLE cases that some rotations make us do. You'd probably like them if you like working through the presentation, workup, differential of "classic" cases. And it looks like you can buy them for yourself for a fairly reasonable price if your school doesn't subscribe - at www.med-u.org
Goodness, those were awful. Our peds rotation made us do a good 15 of them.

Honestly, I think the best thing (other than studying the textbooks & co to learn the classic associated symptoms) is to see patients in real life. No one is publishing case reports of say, "classic" DKA or cellulitis.
 
Oh man those SIMPLE cases were soooooooooo boring.

I hate med-u, but I've had cases to do in every rotation so far except psychiatry...
 
There are a million places to go to find detailed case reports of RARE presentations of specific diseases. However, for the life of me, I can not seem to find a resource for detailed case reports of CLASSIC presentations of specific diseases.

I find it very useful to follow the story in case reports and it helps me learn and retain information in a way that a textbook simply cannot. I'm sure not everybody is like me in this respect, but I'm certain I'm not alone here either.

Does anybody know where I can find a repository or resource for classic case reports? It would mean the world to me.

Thanks so much!

Sometimes review publications will publish a (fake) classic case before reviewing a specific pathology. Pediatrics in review does that. I think the AAFp journal does as well. Not sure about other specialties. I don't think you'll generally find that in the case report section of a journal, those are generally designed for people reporting new diseases or atypical presentations.
 
CLIPP type cases take way too long to get through, and that's sort of the problem with classic case presentations in general. When you're in the clinical years and residency you might be asked to do a case report on something that isn't necessarily a zebra. A lot of these have a Socratic format where you make people go through the differential, you list all the pertinent lab values, etc. They generally take forever to get through but they are a good exercise.

I'd also say there's really no substitute for experience. If you don't see something, you won't retain it forever.
 
It would be a bummer if someone missed seeing a "bread and butter" case though...they could be unlucky and go an entire rotation without seeing certain diseases.
 
1) I would never, ever, ever suggest that there is any substitute for clinical experience; no artificial resource can come close to duplicating the cognitive resonance you get from actual clinical experience. I'm just saying that, at least for me (and several other people I've asked), the closest second comes from comprehensive case presentations that include the full HPI, PMH, data from all labs and diagnostic studies, means of eventual definitive diagnosis utilized and, importantly, information gained from subsequent patient follow-up.

2) Case presentations in morning reports are not always Zebras, but [in my admittedly limited experience] they tend to be aimed at achieving one of the following three goals: 1) presenting very infrequently encountered disease entities, 2) serving as a springboard for reviewing comprehensive differential diagnoses of a clinical sign or symptom (e.g. melena) or 3) presenting common disease entities that presented with one or more red herring signs or symptoms. This third group tends to end up being centered around something other than the disease entity itself. In my experience their complexity ends up being iatrogenic in nature (ex. 32 year old female had melena for 1 month and every test had been run except for colonoscopy because GI didn't want to come in on the weekend, and when they finally did, they didn't want to do a colonscopy because there was "active inflammation" or something). Each of these types of presentation is extremely valuable... no doubt about it... but what I am arguing is that straightforward, comprehensive presentations of typical or near-typical presentations of common diseases are extremely valuable as well, and they are much harder to come by than I feel they should be.

3) The creators of CLIPP and SIMPLE cases really missed the mark. I believe they had the right idea at the outset - they wanted to educate students on the presentation and workup of common clinical entities. Unfortunately, they ended up making these huge time-intensive online modules that include way too many questions [the questions are generally poorly designed and lack personalized feedback to answers - they really just add time, without effectively reinforcing key points], and, worst of all, WAY too much fluff (e.g. "Mrs. Garcia appreciated the time that Dr. Winston took to explain her diagnosis with her. As she exited the exam room, she sincerely thanked him and his team."). If they cut a lot of this extra crap out, I think they could actually be a decent resource.

Anyway, this discussion has further bolstered my belief that a repository of case presentations (with comprehensive details on HPI, PMH, all labs and other data, definitive diagnosis and any relevant follow-up) a) would be quite valuable and b) is currently not readily available. I've decided I'm going to create my own such website during residency.

I really appreciate all of your thoughtful responses. They mean a lot.
 
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1) I would never, ever, ever suggest that there is any substitute for clinical experience; no artificial resource can come close to duplicating the cognitive resonance you get from actual clinical experience. I'm just saying that, at least for me (and several other people I've asked), the closest second comes from comprehensive case presentations that include the full HPI, PMH, data from all labs and diagnostic studies, means of eventual definitive diagnosis utilized and, importantly, information gained from subsequent patient follow-up.

2) Case presentations in morning reports are not always Zebras, but [in my admittedly limited experience] they tend to be aimed at achieving one of the following three goals: 1) presenting very infrequently encountered disease entities, 2) serving as a springboard for reviewing comprehensive differential diagnoses of a clinical sign or symptom (e.g. melena) or 3) presenting common disease entities that presented with one or more red herring signs or symptoms. This third group tends to end up being centered around something other than the disease entity itself. In my experience their complexity ends up being iatrogenic in nature (ex. 32 year old female had melena for 1 month and every test had been run except for colonoscopy because GI didn't want to come in on the weekend, and when they finally did, they didn't want to do a colonscopy because there was "active inflammation" or something). Each of these types of presentation is extremely valuable... no doubt about it... but what I am arguing is that straightforward, comprehensive presentations of typical or near-typical presentations of common diseases are extremely valuable as well, and they are much harder to come by than I feel they should be.

3) The creators of CLIPP and SIMPLE cases really missed the mark. I believe they had the right idea at the outset - they wanted to educate students on the presentation and workup of common clinical entities. Unfortunately, they ended up making these huge time-intensive online modules that include way too many questions [the questions are generally poorly designed and lack personalized feedback to answers - they really just add time, without effectively reinforcing key points], and, worst of all, WAY too much fluff (e.g. "Mrs. Garcia appreciated the time that Dr. Winston took to explain her diagnosis with her. As she exited the exam room, she sincerely thanked him and his team."). If they cut a lot of this extra crap out, I think they could actually be a decent resource.

Anyway, this discussion has further bolstered my belief that a repository of case presentations (with comprehensive details on HPI, PMH, all labs and other data, definitive diagnosis and any relevant follow-up) a) would be quite valuable and b) is currently not readily available. I've decided I'm going to create my own such website during residency.

I really appreciate all of your thoughtful responses. They mean a lot.

Go to pubmed, and click off the review articles section and type in the disease of interest and search for stuff from the 70s and 80s. Lots of good articles. Type in new England journal of medicine and look for review articles from 80s and 90s too, those are fantastic

Or buy an older medicine textbook, they tend to describe what you are probably looking for.
 
Go to pubmed, and click off the review articles section and type in the disease of interest and search for stuff from the 70s and 80s. Lots of good articles. Type in new England journal of medicine and look for review articles from 80s and 90s too, those are fantastic

Or buy an older medicine textbook, they tend to describe what you are probably looking for.


This. The case reports you are looking for are all there in pubmed/medline, but many are old and won't always have the name of the disease you are looking for because they simply didn't know what it was yet. . For example, a case report on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus might have "Malar rash and pericarditis in a teenaged female: a case report" or something to that effect. So you have to go way back and think outside the box. Or look for all review articles on a specific disease and look at the references they cite.
 
I realize I have far less experience in medicine than you and I am sure I could learn a great deal from you. However, I feel reasonably confident even at this early stage of my training in assuring you that you have NOT seen every classic disease presentation. There are many variations on the "classic presentation" of almost every disease, each with their own salient aspects.
It was a collective "we" but even still, I actually have seen most of the classic stuff. The point is that things that most residents/surgeons will see in routine patient care are not worth publishing as case reports. I get what you're asking - you'd like to see work-up and management routines for common cases - but that sort of thing is not worth publishing in peer-reviewed journals. You would be better off looking through textbooks.

I will also add one more note about Case Files. It is a nice prompt to get you thinking about differentials when given a few demographic details and laboratory values. However, the "cases" severely lack in details. In real life, there is a flood of information (e.g. historical details, lab values, imaging findings), some relevant but most irrelevant or even red herrings. One of the biggest clinical challenges of medicine is navigating through the overflow of information and using clinical reasoning to prioritize and decide what is particularly relevant and what is less so. Case Files essentially filters out all of the superfluous information and gives you a concentrated set of details, each of which points to a specific diagnosis or set of diagnoses (e.g. 62M diabetic, crushing chest pain, diaphoresis, jaw pain, trops +...). In my limited experience, that's not real medicine. I don't want the filtered information. I want the clinical narrarative with all of its imperfections and red herrings, so that I can exercise my clinical reasoning. So that at the end I can go "ahhhhh why didn't I pick up on that?" or "ohhhhh, what was I thinking?" ... and truly LEARN! That is what the complete, comprehensive case report (with all laboratory values, all imaging results, full demographic and historical details) offers.
The way to acquire such a filter is to do it in person, time after time. You'll get it.

It would be a bummer if someone missed seeing a "bread and butter" case though...they could be unlucky and go an entire rotation without seeing certain diseases.
I missed a lot of that stuff on peds, because I was mostly on specialty services. I don't think I've missed hardly any "bread and butter" surgery stuff as a resident though, now as a PGY-3. There are some things that used to be common that we don't do much any more though.
 
You can make the simple cases less time consuming. Just don't answer the questions. In every other way they seem to have just what you want: bread and butter cases, starting with the person and their demographics and life situation, on to their history, physical, labs and images, discussion of the relevant differential, and resolution. I know many people don't care for them, but I think they're okay and they have helped me out when those bread and butter cases show up in real life in terms of remembering what are the options, tests, findings. And if you don't mess with the questions they take about the same time as reading a longish case history in the NEJM or whatever.
 
A published case history also will only include relevant history. Nobody cares about most of a negative review of systems of the HEENT when it's abdominal pain.
 
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