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I didn't see anything indicating that the OP wanted to use it for diagnostic purposes....I would never make that assumption.
That said, be careful in your use of the word validity. There are plenty of things that are perfectly valid but of absolutely no clinical utility - that's not a bad thing unless they are being used for clinical purposes. I don't find Ohm's Law a particularly helpful concept for diagnosing psychopathology either, but that doesn't mean it isn't valid😉 We can discuss the clinical utility of measuring neuroticism - while it is associated with outcomes I do think it is debatable what incremental validity it would add in most circumstances - but I haven't seen anything presented that suggests neuroticism isn't valid.
Well, yes and no - it was mostly a reply to stigmata. The only point that was really in reference to your post was that I do think it would be quite reasonable to debate the circumstances where assessing neuroticism adds anything to the overall clinical picture beyond other clinical measures. My point was certainly not that it isn't related to clinical outcomes...I stated earlier that it is in a wide variety of circumstances. However, when a client presents to a clinic with already obvious emotional difficulties - I haven't seen convincing evidence that assessing their neuroticism helps in treatment planning or contributes more to a diagnostic picture than a SCID or a PAI would. I've already read most of those articles on your list and they seem to fit with this view, though thank you for the offer to send them along. I'm also by no means ruling it out that it will never be useful in the clinic - just that right now I haven't seen convincing evidence that it does.
I wish I was still a student and had the time and energy to express myself as well as this. I agree, and these comments get to the point I was trying to make. In practice I do not see how a measure of neuroticism would offer more than a GAF number.
Well, yes and no - it was mostly a reply to stigmata. The only point that was really in reference to your post was that I do think it would be quite reasonable to debate the circumstances where assessing neuroticism adds anything to the overall clinical picture beyond other clinical measures. My point was certainly not that it isn't related to clinical outcomes...I stated earlier that it is in a wide variety of circumstances. However, when a client presents to a clinic with already obvious emotional difficulties - I haven't seen convincing evidence that assessing their neuroticism helps in treatment planning or contributes more to a diagnostic picture than a SCID or a PAI would. I've already read most of those articles on your list and they seem to fit with this view, though thank you for the offer to send them along. I'm also by no means ruling it out that it will never be useful in the clinic - just that right now I haven't seen convincing evidence that it does.
As for the rest...I largely agree. That was really my point as well, that clinical utility and validity are not one in the same.

Anyhow, for the OP--you can check out measures like the TIPI, BFI, FFM-RF, or utilize the IPIP NEO neuroticism facet scales.
Thank you, the TIPI is the other one I have looked over. As someone who seems to be very familiar with these measures, is the TIPI looked down upon? My study is not concerned with personality and I want to control for neuroticism as a potential confound. Would you recommend anything similarly short but would be a more valid/reliable measure? I have looked over Gosling, Rentfrow, and Swann (2003) right now (will read about the other measures tomorrow) and while I love the brevity of the measure I may prefer a more accurate measure of neuroticism.