Lets discuss questions of NBDE 1

[d dimps]

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1). .Which angle does a P Wave makes on ECG?
a). .45 degree
b). .180 degree
c). .0 degree
d). .-45 degree
e). .-180 degree.

2). .What is endogenous cholesterol? Most endogenous cholesterol is converted to?
a). .Glucose
b). .Cholic acid
c). .Steroid
d). .Oxaloacetete
e). .Ketone bodies

3). .Which of the following statement is correct regarding Glioblastoma multiforme?
a). .the tumor is most common before puberty
b). .it is classified as a type of meningioma
c). .it is most common type of Astrocytoma.
d). .Its prognosis is generally more favourablethan Grade 1 astrocytoma.
e). .It is derived from the epithelial lining of ventricles

4). .Which of the following pathological changes is irreversible?
a). .fatty changes in liver cells
b). .karyolysis in myocardial cells
c). .glycogen deposition in hepatocyte nuclei
d). .hydropic vacuolization of renal tubular epithelial cells.

5). .An example of Synergism is the effect of?
a). .insulin and glucagon on blood glucose
b). .estrogen and progesterone on uterine motility
c). .growth hormone and thyroxine on skeletal growth.
d). .Antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone on potassium excretion.

 

[dentistus]

Which of the following statements describe an example of innate immunity?
a. an allergic reaction to insect venom
b. the classical pathway of complement
c. the destruction of virus-infected cells by T-killer cells
d. the production of IgE in response to insect venom
e. the alternative pathway of complement

choice a or e wt 'll be the ans

plz explain

thanks

 

[robhmnt]

Which of the following statements describe an example of innate immunity?
a. an allergic reaction to insect venom
b. the classical pathway of complement
c. the destruction of virus-infected cells by T-killer cells
d. the production of IgE in response to insect venom
e. the alternative pathway of complement

choice a or e wt 'll be the ans

plz explain

thanks

Nice question. The classical pathway needs the binding of C1q to IgM or IgG, which are produced by the adaptive immune system. The alternattive system works without the presence of antibodies.

 

[dentistus]

what happens to PDL fibers during:
A. compression
B. tension

plz explain.

Also,

A shift to the left in hematology indicates:
a. immature neutrophils
b. segmented neutrolphils

Thanks,

1)example : During orthodontic treatment for tooth movement

where compression force applied resorption 'll occur

where tension force applied bone formation 'll occur

2) immature neutrophils

thanks
plz correct me if i m wrong

 

[gudluk]

1- Apical granules in parenchymal cells of salivary gland represent:
a- pigment
b- complex lipids
c- primary lysosomes
d- large mito
e- secretion precursors (ans)

2-in erythropoeisis which of the following increases from proerythroblast to mature erythrocyte?
a-cell size
b-phagocytic ability
c-cytoplasmic acidophillia(ans)
d-cytoplasmic basophillia

3- Touch receptors are MOST numerous per unit area in the mucosa of which of the following?
a) Uvula
b) Hard Palate
c) Attached gingiva
d) Tip of the tongue(ans)
e) Buccal/labial vestibule

plz let me know if these are correct or not

 

[gudluk]

A urine sample with a PH of 5.7 has a hydrogen ion concentration of approximately
-3
a-2*10 M
-6(ans)
b-2*10 M
-2
c-2*10 M

126-For which is the first group of the flwng pairs more likely to be located on the surface of a globular protein than the second group of the pair?
a- -CONH2 -COO-
b- -CH2 -CH(CH2)2
c- -CH2OH -NH4+(ans)
d- -CH3 -CH2OH
e- -CH2SH -COO

140-A 0.2 mole/lit nacl solution and a 0.2 mole/lit glucose solution are separated by a membrane that is impermeable to these solute but is permeable to water. which of the flwng statements is correct ?
a-there will be no net movement of water to either solution
b-water will go fromthe glucose to the saline solution(ans)
c-water will go from the saline to the glucose solution
d-concentration of glucose will decrease
e-concentration of nacl will increase.

sectioning of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal stalk will produce each of the flwng effects except one,
a-infertility
b-hypercalcemia-
c-reduced BMR(ans)
d-atrophy of the adrenal cortex

i think these are the answers but i m not sure.plz help

 

[gudluk]

Q1 Which of the following are directly associated with destruction of glomerular basement membranes in a patient with glomerulonephritis? A. Eosinophils B. Lymphokines C. IgE antibodies D.Polymorphonuclear leukocytes(ans).

i am not sure bout this one.Glomerulonephritis is an example of type 3 hypersensitivity so b and c cant be the answers.this seems to be the best option but not sure plz help.

Q2Patients with which of the following malignancies have the poorest prognosis? A. Lung cancer B. Malignant melanoma C. Pancreatic carcinoma(ans) D. Carcinoma of the colon E. Squamous carcinoma of the tongue


Q3Injury of spinal accessory , while in posterior triangle, will cause paralysis of the
A. platysma
B. trapezius (ans)
C.splenius capitus
D. sternocleidomastoid
E. inferior belly of omohyoid



Q4 Compare labial n lingual height of contour of permanent Max central incisor with Mx canine ,the canine heights of contour are:
1. less
2. equal(ans)
3. greater
4. different for labial n lingial[/QUOTE]

 

[gudluk]

5]which one is not correct?( polymers paired with activated precursor ) sucrose dextran
glocose, glycogen
sucrose , mutan
udp glocose, glycogen
sucrose, levan(ans)

levans-fructans

_which one is the role of vit C?

coenzyme
reducing agent (ans) it is an antioxidant
oxidizing agent
methyl group center

_
which of the following represents the snsory organs concerned with maintenance of skeletal muscle tonus ?
sarcomerers
muscle spindle (ans)
golgi tendon organs

_ which of the them is a nucleotid ?
urate
uracil
guanine
adenosin
thymidylate (ans)

_
which of them exist in almost equal amount in free and bound forms in blood and in the free form reduces neuromascular iritability ?
iron
sodium
calcium
potasum
magnesium



plz explain this one???????


what is the net charge on glutamic acid at ph of 1? +1 . 0, _1(ans)




uncompensated respiratory acidosis is characterized by?

norm pco2 low ph low hco3
high pco2 norm ph low hco3
high pco2 low ph high hco3 (ans)

 

[c8758]

golgi tendon organ

 

[doc2418]

In group function occlusion if canines are taken out from one side what happens......?
If any body can explain me .......

 

[robhmnt]

5]
what is the net charge on glutamic acid at ph of 1? +1 . 0, _1(ans)

The correct answer is +1.
Pka of alpha-COO- = 2
Pka of side chain COO- = 4
Pka of alpha amino group = 9-10

A pH of 1 is very acidic, and will protonate all the groups with pKa higher than 1. This will leave glutamic acid with two COOH groups, and a NH3+ group, giving it a formal charge of +1.

 

[gudluk]

thnx for the correction

 

[robhmnt]

5]_
which of them exist in almost equal amount in free and bound forms in blood and in the free form reduces neuromascular iritability ?
iron
sodium
calcium
potasum
magnesium

Both calcium and magnesium reduce muscle irritability. However Calcium is the one that is 50% ionized in the blood, and 50% bound to albumin (total blood calcium = 10 mg/dL, total blood "ionized" calcium is 5 mg/dL, which means the other 5 is bound to proteins). Iron is never transported freely in the blood, since free iron ions are very toxic. Sodium and potassium are dissolved in plasma, and not bound to proteins. Answer = Ca

 

[xactreality]

I am confused it says in the dental decks that the most abundant GAG in the body is chondroitin sulphate, then in another question it says hyalouronic acid, whoch is most abundant?

 

[robhmnt]

I am confused it says in the dental decks that the most abundant GAG in the body is chondroitin sulphate, then in another question it says hyalouronic acid, whoch is most abundant?

I remember my biochem book mentioning chondroitin sulfate to be the most abundant. 100% sure! Hyalouronic acid can be the most abundant non-sulfated GAG.

 

[uabsfm]

microflora of healthy gingival sulcus is?

gram -ve anerobic rods and fusobacteria
gram +ve cocci and filamentous bacteria
gram+ve facultative rods and spirochetes

ghons complex is seen in

parechyma of lower lobe
parenchyma of upper lobe

which is the new bone deposited during ortho treatment??

Capillary diameter is directly influenced by
1.parasymapathetic nerve impulse
2.byproducts of metabolism
3.sympathetic nerve impulse
4.axon reflexes.

2.solution A has a pH of 7.0 and solution B has a ph of 6.0.both solutions are of equal volume .which of the following statements about solutions A and B is most accurate?
1.A has 1/10 as many hydrogen ions as B
2.A has 10 times more hydrogen ions than B
3.A has 7/6 of the hydrogen ion concentrations of B
4.A has 6/7 of the hydrogen ion concntration of B

 

[uabsfm]

6.Primary function of lysosomes in steroid producing cells?
.a.digest cellular debris.
.b.hydrolyse spent cellular organelles.
.c. remove excess steroid from cells.
.d.remove steroid precursors.
.e. cleave the ester from cholestrol ester to produce free ..cholesterol.


10 If a person has normal musculature, but has difficulty swallowing, which nerves should be tested for function?
.A. Hypoglossal and phrenic .
.B. Hypoglossal and splanchnic .
.C. Glossopharyngeal and vagus .
.D. Phrenic and vagus .
.E. Splanchnic and vagus.

most numerous leucocyte found in GCF?
monocyte
plasma cell
neutrophil

 

[uabsfm]

1) how would the kidney conserve cations?
low Ph
high Ph
urine

2) depleted oxaloacetat means that:
cori cycle is active
glycogenesis is active
acetyl coa will enter krebs cycle fatty acid degredation will be inhibited
increase keton body synthesis


3)smell is due to all except?
pseudopolar nerve
should be dissolved before detected
mucos glands around the area...
receptores covered by psudostratfield epithelium
substuncllar cell

which structure is covered by axillary sheath as it passes through it ??
roots of brachial plexus------
cords of brachial plexus
branches of brachial plexus
division of brachial plexus

mand 2nd molar carious lesion nd periapical abscess and the underlying tooth will show which of the following histological features?
enamel rods
tubules
fibroblasts

if u need to give an intramuscular nerve block in the oral region which muscle is preferred??
masseter
lat pty
med pty
temporalis

which muscle is responsible for cheek bite after a mandibular nerve block??
masseter
lat pty
med pty
temporalis

Electro negativity in living cell requires that
a potential for charge seperation exists
b biologic water assumes a crystaline pattern at the membrane
c negative charge outnumbers the positive charges within the cell cytoplasm

can you pls explain the answer for this?

 

[uabsfm]

which of the following describes the effect of a drug that inhibit renal carbonic anhydrase?
a it decreases urea clearance
b it increases tm for glucose
c it increases the affinity of the urine
d it decreases sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule (ans)

can somebody explain this

 

[robhmnt]

6.Primary function of lysosomes in steroid producing cells?
.a.digest cellular debris.
.b.hydrolyse spent cellular organelles.
.c. remove excess steroid from cells.
.d.remove steroid precursors.
.e. cleave the ester from cholestrol ester to produce free ..cholesterol.
f. No clue! Do you know the correct answer? I would go with (e).

10 If a person has normal musculature, but has difficulty swallowing, which nerves should be tested for function?
.A. Hypoglossal and phrenic .
.B. Hypoglossal and splanchnic .
.C. Glossopharyngeal and vagus .
.D. Phrenic and vagus .
.E. Splanchnic and vagus.

most numerous leucocyte found in GCF (
monocyte
plasma cell
neutrophil

....

 

[robhmnt]

which of the following describes the effect of a drug that inhibit renal carbonic anhydrase?
a it decreases urea clearance
b it increases tm for glucose
c it increases the affinity of the urine
d it decreases sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule (ans)

can somebody explain this

In the proximal tubule, sodium is mainly reabsorbed by a Na+/HCO3- symport in the basolateral membrane. Lack of carbonic anhydrase ---> less HCO3- is produced ---> this disturbes the activity of the symport; therefore, Na+ reabsorption gets inhibitied.

 

[krishna99]

monocytes stay in blood for a couple of days and then get into tissues. Neutrophils won't get in tissues, unless there is an inflamation. Plasma cells are only produced in the adaptive immune response.

GCF means gingival crevicular fluid

 

[krishna99]

6.Primary function of lysosomes in steroid producing cells?
.a.digest cellular debris.
.b.hydrolyse spent cellular organelles.
.c. remove excess steroid from cells.
.d.remove steroid precursors.
.e. cleave the ester from cholestrol ester to produce free ..cholesterol.


10 If a person has normal musculature, but has difficulty swallowing, which nerves should be tested for function?
.A. Hypoglossal and phrenic .
.B. Hypoglossal and splanchnic .
.C. Glossopharyngeal and vagus .
.D. Phrenic and vagus .
.E. Splanchnic and vagus.

most numerous leucocyte found in GCF?
monocyte
plasma cell
neutrophil

caan any body give the correct answer

 

[gudluk]

microflora of healthy gingival sulcus is?

gram -ve anerobic rods and fusobacteria
gram +ve cocci and filamentous bacteria(ans)
gram+ve facultative rods and spirochetes

ghons complex is seen in

parechyma of lower lobe
parenchyma of upper lobe

it is actually seen at the lower border of upper lobes ie junction of upper and lower lobes

which is the new bone deposited during ortho treatment??

wht r the options??????

Capillary diameter is directly influenced by
1.parasymapathetic nerve impulse
2.byproducts of metabolism(ans)
3.sympathetic nerve impulse
4.axon reflexes.

2.solution A has a pH of 7.0 and solution B has a ph of 6.0.both solutions are of equal volume .which of the following statements about solutions A and B is most accurate?
1.A has 1/10 as many hydrogen ions as B(ans)
2.A has 10 times more hydrogen ions than B
3.A has 7/6 of the hydrogen ion concentrations of B
4.A has 6/7 of the hydrogen ion concntration of B


hope this helps

 

[gudluk]

6.Primary function of lysosomes in steroid producing cells?
.a.digest cellular debris.(ans)
.b.hydrolyse spent cellular organelles.
.c. remove excess steroid from cells.
.d.remove steroid precursors.
.e. cleave the ester from cholestrol ester to produce free ..cholesterol.


10 If a person has normal musculature, but has difficulty swallowing, which nerves should be tested for function?
.A. Hypoglossal and phrenic .
.B. Hypoglossal and splanchnic .
.C. Glossopharyngeal and vagus .
.D. Phrenic and vagus .
.E. Splanchnic and vagus.(ans)

most numerous leucocyte found in GCF?
monocyte
plasma cell
neutrophil(ans)
this one is there in decks

hope this helps

 

[dentistus]

1) how would the kidney conserve cations?
low Ph
high Ph (ans)
urine

2) depleted oxaloacetat means that:
cori cycle is active (ans)
glycogenesis is active
acetyl coa will enter krebs cycle fatty acid degredation will be inhibited
increase keton body synthesis


3)smell is due to all except?
pseudopolar nerve (ans)
should be dissolved before detected
mucos glands around the area...
receptores covered by psudostratfield epithelium
substuncllar cell

which structure is covered by axillary sheath as it passes through it ??
roots of brachial plexus------(ans)
cords of brachial plexus
branches of brachial plexus
division of brachial plexus

mand 2nd molar carious lesion nd periapical abscess and the underlying tooth will show which of the following histological features?
enamel rods
tubules (ans)
fibroblasts

if u need to give an intramuscular nerve block in the oral region which muscle is preferred??
masseter (ans)
lat pty
med pty
temporalis

which muscle is responsible for cheek bite after a mandibular nerve block??
masseter (ans)
lat pty
med pty
temporalis

Electro negativity in living cell requires that
a potential for charge seperation exists
b biologic water assumes a crystaline pattern at the membrane
c negative charge outnumbers the positive charges within the cell cytoplasm

can you pls explain the answer for this?


Thanks

plz correct me if i m wrong

 

[xactreality]

I am confused about an info in DA

regarding the permenant maxillary canine, the distal incisal slope is longer than the mesial, right? (thats why hight of contoure in dital is more cervical)
it says in kaplan that the primary is the reverse, mesial is longer

what about the mandibular?

 

[robhmnt]

1) how would the kidney conserve cations?
low Ph
high Ph
urine
*low and high pH in what?

2) depleted oxaloacetat means that:
cori cycle is active
glycogenesis is active
acetyl coa will enter krebs cycle fatty acid degredation will be inhibited
increase keton body synthesis

Low oxaloacetate will cause accumulation of acetyl CoA , and further increase ketone body synthesis (acetyl Coa is the main reactant for ketone body synthesis)

 

[c8758]

for difficulty in swollowing why cant the answer be vagus and glossopharyngeal nerve

please corerect me if i m wrong

 

[robhmnt]

for difficulty in swollowing why cant the answer be vagus and glossopharyngeal nerve

please corerect me if i m wrong

I was thinking the same thing, since glossopharyngeal nerve sends sensory input for swallowing in its initiation. But I guess its role is not that important since the trigeminal and facial nerves send those sensory inputs as well.

 

[uabsfm]

1) how would the kidney conserve cations?
low Ph
high Ph (ans)
urine

2) depleted oxaloacetat means that:
cori cycle is active (ans)
glycogenesis is active
acetyl coa will enter krebs cycle fatty acid degredation will be inhibited
increase keton body synthesis


3)smell is due to all except?
pseudopolar nerve
should be dissolved before detected
mucos glands around the area...
receptores covered by psudostratfield epithelium
substuncllar cell ,not sure

which structure is covered by axillary sheath as it passes through it ??
roots of brachial plexus------(ans)
cords of brachial plexus
branches of brachial plexus
division of brachial plexus

mand 2nd molar carious lesion nd periapical abscess and the underlying tooth will show which of the following histological features?
enamel rods
tubules (ans)
fibroblasts

if u need to give an intramuscular nerve block in the oral region which muscle is preferred??
masseter
lat pty
med pty, i think so not sure
temporalis

which muscle is responsible for cheek bite after a mandibular nerve block??
masseter (ans)
lat pty
med pty
temporalis

Electro negativity in living cell requires that
a potential for charge seperation exists
b biologic water assumes a crystaline pattern at the membrane
c negative charge outnumbers the positive charges within the cell cytoplasm

can anybody give correct answer for these qs?

 

[gudluk]

1) how would the kidney conserve cations?
low Ph
high Ph (ans)
urine

2) depleted oxaloacetat means that:
cori cycle is active
glycogenesis is active
acetyl coa will enter krebs cycle fatty acid degredation will be inhibited
increase keton body synthesis(ans)
not very sure about this one

3)smell is due to all except?
pseudopolar nerve (ans)
should be dissolved before detected
mucos glands around the area...
receptores covered by psudostratfield epithelium
substuncllar cell - these cells are related to organ of corti ie for hearing and not for smell

which structure is covered by axillary sheath as it passes through it ??
roots of brachial plexus------(ans)
cords of brachial plexus
branches of brachial plexus
division of brachial plexus

mand 2nd molar carious lesion nd periapical abscess and the underlying tooth will show which of the following histological features?
enamel rods
tubules (ans)
fibroblasts

if u need to give an intramuscular nerve block in the oral region which muscle is preferred??
masseter
lat pty
med pty,

which muscle is responsible for cheek bite after a mandibular nerve block??
masseter (ans)
lat pty
med pty
temporalis

Electro negativity in living cell requires that
a potential for charge seperation exists
b biologic water assumes a crystaline pattern at the membrane
c negative charge outnumbers the positive charges within the cell cytoplasm

can anybody give correct answer for these qs?

hope this helps
tc

 

[IMPACT]

Hi
I saw this note on decks which I found puzzling, its in Dental Anatomy & Occlusion- Mand M&P section
"In a working side movement (right or left)
the MB cusp of Max 1M passes through the lingual groove of Mand 1M
the MB cusp of Max 2M passes through the facial groove of Mand 2M"

Since the MB cusp of Max 1M occludes in Mand 2M MB groove and the working side movement is lingual it makes sense for it to go into the lingual groove, however since the Max 2M occludes in Central fossa of Mand 2M, and it moves lingually in working movement how can it ever go into the facial groove?
Any one?

 

[c8758]

i think cord of brachial plexus is in axillary sheath

 

[vibhakar]

what are the most numerous cells in dental pulp at old age?
fibroblast or odontoblast

 

[Venkatcpp]

what are the most numerous cells in dental pulp at old age?
fibroblast or odontoblast

i guess its fibroblast..not very sure though...

 

[uabsfm]

which are the largest incisal or occlusal embrassure in maxillary and mandibular arches ?

mesial inclination of lingulal cusps is present on which maxillary premolars?
a.1st PM
b.2nd PM
c.both
d.neither

during working side movment mandibular teeth moves in which direction?
a. mesiofacial
b. distofacial
c. mesiolingual
d.distolingual

 

[vibhakar]

2) maxillary 1st premolar
3)distobuccal

 

[vibhakar]

not sure of the answer

Vasodilation and increased vasopermeability lastin for several days in an area of inflammation indicate which of the following?
a) Thrombosis
b) Release of histamine
c) Hageman factor activation
d) Formation of granulation tissue
e) Endothelial cell damage and disruption

 

[vibhakar]

Which of the fol types of food poisoning best treated with antibiotics?

a) Botulism

b) Salmonella

c) Hepatitis A

d) Staphylococcal

e) Paralytic shellfish poisoning

 

[vibhakar]

Answer these ???

1. provetella intermedia is first detectable in oral cavity
a. birth
b.adolescence
c.dental caries
d.immediatley before periodontal disease appear
d.lone after pd disease appear

 

[vibhakar]

5.vessel with heigest blodd viscocity
a.Aorta
b.venacava
c.vasarecta
d.pulmonary vein
e. p.artery

 

[vibhakar]

smallest faciolingual dimension among the primary teeth of
mand central
max central
mand lateral
max lat

 

[robhmnt]

not sure of the answer

Vasodilation and increased vasopermeability lastin for several days in an area of inflammation indicate which of the following?
a) Thrombosis
b) Release of histamine
c) Hageman factor activation
d) Formation of granulation tissue
e) Endothelial cell damage and disruption

histamine is a vasodilator and a bronchoconstrictor. It also increases vasopermeability by stimulating the endothelial cells to contract via their cytoskeleton.

 

[robhmnt]

5.vessel with heigest blodd viscocity
a.Aorta
b.venacava
c.vasarecta
d.pulmonary vein
e. p.artery

You have 20% filteration of plasma into the Bowman's capsule, which causes an increase in the hematocrit of the blood in the efferent arteriole. Vasa recta is the continuation of the efferent arteriole.

 

[robhmnt]

Which of the fol types of food poisoning best treated with antibiotics?

a) Botulism

b) Salmonella

c) Hepatitis A

d) Staphylococcal

e) Paralytic shellfish poisoning

I concur with toothfairy. Staph food poisoning is caused by enterotoxin, (a) and (e) are caused by toxins. (c) has a viral etiology.

 

[toothfairy482]

I think answer is B. Staph food poisoning is caused by an enterotoxin<----dont need antibiotics.

 

[vibhakar]

can someone explain anterior guidance and how is it relation to height o cusp

 

[vibhakar]

if intercondylar distance decreases
1)post cusp become shorter
2)post cusp become taller
3)working and non working angle decreases
4)working and non working angle increases

can someone explain plz

 

[xactreality]

which of the following bones form the roof of the orbit?
1- zygomatic
2- maxilla
3- palatine
4- sphenoid
5- frontal

I am confused between sphenoid and frontal ( in the decjs it says that it is formrd by both )

thanks

 

[xactreality]

Each of the follwoing is found in retrodiscal pad except:

1- elastic fibers
2- venous plexus
3- collagen fiber
4- hyaline cartilage
5- loose connective tissue

if local anesthetic was deposited in pterygopalatine fossa, which nerve will be anesthetized

1- V1
2- V2
3- V3
4- facial
5- vagus

which of the following is the nerve innervation most thenar muscles

1- ulnar
2- median
3- radial
4- axillary
5- musculocutanuos

which type of connective tissue is found in pulp:

1- loose
2- dense
3- mucoid
4- adipose
5- elastic