Lets discuss questions of NBDE 1

[d dimps]

---

Members do not see this ad.

1). .Which angle does a P Wave makes on ECG?
a). .45 degree
b). .180 degree
c). .0 degree
d). .-45 degree
e). .-180 degree.

2). .What is endogenous cholesterol? Most endogenous cholesterol is converted to?
a). .Glucose
b). .Cholic acid
c). .Steroid
d). .Oxaloacetete
e). .Ketone bodies

3). .Which of the following statement is correct regarding Glioblastoma multiforme?
a). .the tumor is most common before puberty
b). .it is classified as a type of meningioma
c). .it is most common type of Astrocytoma.
d). .Its prognosis is generally more favourablethan Grade 1 astrocytoma.
e). .It is derived from the epithelial lining of ventricles

4). .Which of the following pathological changes is irreversible?
a). .fatty changes in liver cells
b). .karyolysis in myocardial cells
c). .glycogen deposition in hepatocyte nuclei
d). .hydropic vacuolization of renal tubular epithelial cells.

5). .An example of Synergism is the effect of?
a). .insulin and glucagon on blood glucose
b). .estrogen and progesterone on uterine motility
c). .growth hormone and thyroxine on skeletal growth.
d). .Antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone on potassium excretion.

 

[Svetlana]

Couldnt find many details ....got this:
The subnucleus caudalis and subnucleus oralis of the trigeminal spinal tract nucleus are generally considered to play an integral role in carrying nociceptive information like touch ,pain and temperature from the ipsilateral face.

Also exist subnucleus intermedial-smth
and caudalis part is called "medullary dorsal horn"
It's just what i remember

 

[perfectionist1]

Thanks!!!

In a patient with left canine protection...
What does it mean?

Svetlana can u post the whole questn...

 

[perfectionist1]

Thanks!!!

In a patient with left canine protection...
What does it mean?

Canine protected occlusion: During the lateral excursion contact occurs only between the upper and lower canine, and first premolar on the working side. There is no contact between the teeth on the non-working side. 👍

 

[Svetlana]

Canine protected occlusion: During the lateral excursion contact occurs only between the upper and lower canine, and first premolar on the working side. There is no contact between the teeth on the non-working side. 👍

It's 1989 #84
In a patient with left canine protection the ML surface of max.right 1st molar contacts the DF surface of mand.right 1st molar during a left lateral excursion.This contact is:
ans-a non working side interference

I can not even read the WHOLE Q and understand what do they want from me...

 

[perfectionist1]

It's 1989 #84
In a patient with left canine protection the ML surface of max.right 1st molar contacts the DF surface of mand.right 1st molar during a left lateral excursion.This contact is:
ans-a non working side interference

I can not even read the WHOLE Q and understand what do they want from me...

haha....its like beating around the bush.In simple words...left canine protectn means there is left side movement of mandible.on a normal lateral movement only canine and pm shud contact....its sayin that other teeth are also contacting...esp the right teeth i.e the non working side interference is there(whch is not normal)....if the contact had been on the left side...answr wud be working side interference.👍got it?

 

[pb2007]

Couldnt find many details ....got this:
The subnucleus caudalis and subnucleus oralis of the trigeminal spinal tract nucleus are generally considered to play an integral role in carrying nociceptive information like touch ,pain and temperature from the ipsilateral face.

thanks annie an svetlana .
there is not much direct info on this topic ,was lookin in netter's atlas but it also simply mention s spinal nucleus .

 

[Cindrella]

Hi all ... here comes my crappy Q again... 🙂

Any relationship of Log function and 0.699 value ? or should i ask.. whats the relationship between the two....

 

[Cindrella]

Carbohydrates .....

Since the reducing groups of both the glucose and fructose are involved in the glycosidic bond of Sucrose ... it is not a reducing sugar... Agreed !

But, How about Maltose ( glucose + glucose ) or Lactose ( glucose + Galactose ) .... aren't these reducing groups involved in their glycosidic bonds ??

 

[Cindrella]

I am aware of Fructose having 1 anomeric carbon ( i.e a free oxygen is available for redox reaction )

No. of Anomeric carbons :

Fructose = 1
Glucose = 1

Does any other monosaccharide have an anomeric carbon ? If so .. how many ?

 

[Cindrella]

thanks annie an svetlana .
there is not much direct info on this topic ,was lookin in netter's atlas but it also simply mention s spinal nucleus .

Here is a bit a found about those nuclei u guys were discussing.. since i myself don't have time to read it .. posting the link here.... If i do manage to understand it by tomorrow morning will post up a summary ...

http://books.google.ca/books?id=zMaF2HB8JwcC&pg=PT83&dq

Hope this helps.

 

[Svetlana]

haha....its like beating around the bush.In simple words...left canine protectn means there is left side movement of mandible.on a normal lateral movement only canine and pm shud contact....its sayin that other teeth are also contacting...esp the right teeth i.e the non working side interference is there(whch is not normal)....if the contact had been on the left side...answr wud be working side interference.👍got it?

Oh my God!
You made it so simple!!!
Thanks!

 

[Svetlana]

I am aware of Fructose having 1 anomeric carbon ( i.e a free oxygen is available for redox reaction )

No. of Anomeric carbons :

Fructose = 1
Glucose = 1

Does any other monosaccharide have an anomeric carbon ? If so .. how many ?

Well each monosaccharide contains anomeric atom(the carboxyl end)
and penultimate(next to the last)

Correct me guys,if im wrong

 

[Cindrella]

Well each monosaccharide contains anomeric atom(the carboxyl end)
and penultimate(next to the last) ..Never heard of this ... thank you 👍

Correct me guys,if im wrong

So all the monosaccharides have an anomeric Carbon !! thanks 👍

 

[Svetlana]

penultimate-around this atom D and L configurations exist!
(OH to the right-D;OH to the left-L)

 

[perfectionist1]

Here is a bit a found about those nuclei u guys were discussing.. since i myself don't have time to read it .. posting the link here.... If i do manage to understand it by tomorrow morning will post up a summary ...

http://books.google.ca/books?id=zMaF2HB8JwcC&pg=PT83&dq

Hope this helps.

Gud one 👍...thanx for the link cindrella.

 

[pb2007]

Here is a bit a found about those nuclei u guys were discussing.. since i myself don't have time to read it .. posting the link here.... If i do manage to understand it by tomorrow morning will post up a summary ...

http://books.google.ca/books?id=zMaF2HB8JwcC&pg=PT83&dq

Hope this helps.

thanks cindrella ,ur link is better than what i came across.
here what i know now
trigem spinal nucleus has 3 parts frm superior to caudal end
1subnucleus oralis
2 subnucleus interpolaris
3 subnucleus caudalis ,also called medullary dorsal horn

caudalis part is the principal brain relay site of nociceptors info arising from the orofacial region.
its called medullary dorsal horn too coz its continuos and structurally similar to spinal cord dorsal horn and it also extends into medulla .


hopethis summary helps us all ,if any one knos little better abt this topic ,plz add the info .

sometime bak there was discussion abt where the max posterior drain lymph channels ,if any remembers it plz post coz decks says its submandibular but i remember teethie gave the answer ...

 

[Svetlana]

most lung cancers originate in...
bronchial epith?

Am i right that 1999 exam everybody have in horrible quality and with mistakes?

 

[pb2007]

most lung cancers originate in...
bronchial epith?👍

Am i right that 1999 exam everybody have in horrible quality and with mistakes?

true its in horible condition

 

[Svetlana]

Food poisoning best treated with antibioitics...?
Salmonella?
and Staph also is an option but it's self limited,right?

 

[Svetlana]

Which one DOESN"T metastasize to the bone?
1.lung
2.breast
3.kidney
4.brain

 

[Svetlana]

1999
Micro/path
#99
Which of the fol. is an ENDOGENOUS INFECTION????
1.syphilis
2.dysentery
3.gas gangrene - ans WHY???
4.scarlet fever
5.subacute inf.bact.endocarditis

 

[Svetlana]

Guys please i have 1 day left!
Please answer my Q!!!
Seems like i've forgotten everything!!!
And im not really sure about every single Q!!!

 

[perfectionist1]

1999
Micro/path
#99
Which of the fol. is an ENDOGENOUS INFECTION????
1.syphilis
2.dysentery
3.gas gangrene - ans WHY???...some species of clostridium are present as normal gut flora...which cause the gangrene.
4.scarlet fever
5.subacute inf.bact.endocarditis

...

 

[Svetlana]

...

Ok,but Str.viridans are also a part of normal flora,why not #5?

 

[perfectionist1]

Which one DOESN"T metastasize to the bone?
1.lung
2.breast
3.kidney
4.brain-answer....rest all the cancers metastasize to bone.

...

 

[perfectionist1]

Ok,but Str.viridans are also a part of normal flora,why not #5?

Yes....all the bacteria are endogenous here....but the ques. is which one causes "infection"....so clostridium causes endogenous infection.

 

[Svetlana]

Yes....all the bacteria are endogenous here....but the ques. is which one causes "infection"....so clostridium causes endogenous infection.

Sorry,didn't really get you...
others also cause infection...

 

[perfectionist1]

Sorry,didn't really get you...
others also cause infection...

Yes svetlana....but wen compared to clost....S.viridans has very low pathogenicity...they cannot strt an infection themselves.they cause endocarditis only wen the heart valves are already damaged ,not in normal heart valves(dats y in the option "subacute" endocarditis)........owning to their low pathogenicity.

 

[perfectionist1]

Food poisoning best treated with antibioitics...?
Salmonella?
and Staph also is an option but it's self limited,right?-correct

...

 

[Cindrella]

Superior surface of Enamel is more vulnerable to acid attack and the deeper layers are more resistant ... am i right or is it vice versa ??? 😕

 

[perfectionist1]

Superior surface of Enamel is more vulnerable to acid attack and the deeper layers are more resistant ... am i right or is it vice versa ??? 😕

Vice-versa.👍

 

[Cindrella]

@ Thanks annie ...


The distribution of carbonate within dental enamel follows the same surface to DEJ patterns as which of the following?
A. Lead
B. Calcium ... ANSWER ???
C. Fluoride
D. Strontium
E. None of the above

Which of the following is true of the Tm (melting temperature) of a given DNA double helix?
A. Is a function of the base composition
B. Can be used to accurately predict its molecular weight
C. Can be measured by observing the change in chemical composition
D. Is higher if individual strands of the DNA double helix are parallel rather than antiparallel

 

[teethie]

@pb 2007: Because look at the questionin the paper, it is asking bacterial endogenous thats why answer is not candidasis but actinimycosis.
hope u get it.

For max posteriors: they drain into submandibular lymphnodes except 3 rd molars which drain into superfical and then deep cervical nodes.

thanks teethie and anie for ur replies
annie even i picked candidiosis but answer given is actinomycosis.

 

[teethie]

svetlana: we discussed this question before also and we did not agree on gas gangrene only, we have two answers in this question. i am going with bacterial endocarditis. so it is like gut feeling.
both answers are correct.

your other question: in salmonella infections, we give antibiotics treatment

Sorry,didn't really get you...
others also cause infection...

 

[pb2007]

@pb 2007: Because look at the questionin the paper, it is asking bacterial endogenous thats why answer is not candidasis but actinimycosis.
hope u get it......didnt pay attention to bacterial ,u are saving me from makin big blunders.

For max posteriors: they drain into submandibular lymphnodes except 3 rd molars which drain into superfical and then deep cervical nodes.

thanks teethie

 

[teethie]

..

Which one DOESN"T metastasize to the bone?
1.lung
2.breast
3.kidney
4.brain------------------answer, in addition tongue cancer also does not metastasize to bone

 

[pb2007]

@ Thanks annie ...


The distribution of carbonate within dental enamel follows the same surface to DEJ patterns as which of the following?
A. Lead
B. Calcium ... ANSWER ???
C. Fluoride
D. Strontium
E. None of the above

Which of the following is true of the Tm (melting temperature) of a given DNA double helix?
A. Is a function of the base composition .......answer
B. Can be used to accurately predict its molecular weight
C. Can be measured by observing the change in chemical composition
D. Is higher if individual strands of the DNA double helix are parallel rather than antiparallel

first one no idea,may be its none of the above ,
would be nice if someone can explaine this 1st ques

 

[teethie]

;;;

@ Thanks annie ...


The distribution of carbonate within dental enamel follows the same surface to DEJ patterns as which of the following?
A. Lead
B. Calcium ... ANSWER ??? I AM GUESSING THIS TOO.
C. Fluoride
D. Strontium
E. None of the above

 

[perfectionist1]

;;;

i dont understand the questn guyz....can smbdy explain ...the questn???

 

[teethie]

Thanks a lot pb2007 for putting it here.👍👍
i am adding some info in red below. my reference is Okeson

thanks cindrella ,ur link is better than what i came across.
here what i know now

The brainstem trigeminal nucleus complex consists of two main parts:
(1) the main sensory trigeminal nucleus, which is rostrally located and receives periodontal and some pulpal afferents, and

(2) the spinal tract of the trigeminal nucleus, which is more caudally located.​

trigem spinal tract nucleus has 3 parts frm superior to caudal end
1subnucleus oralis-------THIS IS FOR ORAL PAIN MECHANISMS
2 subnucleus interpolaris
3 subnucleus caudalis ,also called medullary dorsal horn

caudalis part is the principal brain relay site of nociceptors info arising from the orofacial region.
its called medullary dorsal horn too coz its continuos and structurally similar to spinal cord dorsal horn and it also extends into medulla .


...

 

[teethie]

it is asking abt the pattern of distribution of carbonate in enamel till dej. is it similar to calcium, fluoride....

thisis what i understood, not sure if right or worng. so just a guess work calcium as an answer.

i dont understand the questn guyz....can smbdy explain ...the questn???

 

[pb2007]

i dont understand the questn guyz....can smbdy explain ...the questn???

this ques has been discussed on this thread before,i think it was bratdoc ,but i completly forgot the reasoning behing this ,even i dont understand what is ques asking for.

hope bratdoc is around and answer this ques

sorry for coming up with silliest ques here,but teethie enamel has calcium hydroxyapatite crytal and its formula is ca10{po4]3 oh2.i fail to understand frm where carbonate comes .

 

[perfectionist1]

Thanks a lot pb2007 for putting it here.👍👍
i am adding some info in red below. my reference is Okeson

thanx teethie... i got a doubt smthin related to that i guess...
If trigeminal nerve is cut below the level of medulla,what happens??
And same if facial nerve is cut below medulla,what happens??

 

[teethie]

pb2007, carbonate is also a constituent. well this is a surpise though.
read this one:
http://books.google.ca/books?id=-l0...nepage&q=carbonate enamel composition&f=false

bratdoc: where r u show stopper? can u please ans this question and the other one posted by perfectonist1 abt medulla.

this ques has been discussed on this thread before,i think it was bratdoc ,but i completly forgot the reasoning behing this ,even i dont understand what is ques asking for.

hope bratdoc is around and answer this ques

sorry for coming up with silliest ques here,but teethie enamel has calcium hydroxyapatite crytal and its formula is ca10{po4]3 oh2.i fail to understand frm where carbonate comes .

 

[pb2007]

thanx teethie... i got a doubt smthin related to that i guess...
If trigeminal nerve is cut below the level of medulla,what happens??
And same if facial nerve is cut below medulla,what happens??

hi annie ,check this ,u might find ur answer
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corticobulbar_tract
i think it got something toi dop with corticobulbar fibres
http://www.csuchico.edu/~pmccaffrey/syllabi/CMSD%20320/362unit10.html

 

[stomatolog26]

Hey Guys,

ASDA Series I-M ques - 102

Which is the lingual HOC on the crown of mandibular second premolar?

Ans. Occlusal third.

But I think it should be Middle third. What do you guys think?

 

[pb2007]

Hey Guys,

ASDA Series I-M ques - 102

Which is the lingual HOC on the crown of maxillary second premolar?

Ans. Occlusal third.

But I think it should be Middle third. What do you guys think?

yesterday we had long discussion on this topic n finally we settled down with occlusal third coz 3 of the asda exms mention occlusal third ,look for last two pages if u wana check .

 

[perfectionist1]

@ Thanks annie ...


The distribution of carbonate within dental enamel follows the same surface to DEJ patterns as which of the following?
A. Lead
B. Calcium ... -correct
C. Fluoride
D. Strontium
E. None of the above

I got it!...distribution of carbonate in the enamel towards the DEJ is same as CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS.In this...as we approach from enamel surface towards DEJ,the carbonate concentration tends to increase....just like dat of calcium...whereas in Flouride,lead and strontium,the concentration tends to decrease as we go deeper....
Hope Iam right.👍

 

[pb2007]

I got it!...distribution of carbonate in the enamel towards the DEJ is same as CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS.In this...as we approach from enamel surface towards DEJ,the carbonate concentration tends to increase....just like dat of calcium...whereas in Flouride,lead and strontium,the concentration tends to decrease as we go deeper....
Hope Iam right.👍

👍👍
annie can u look into the link i'v put for ur doubt , see if corticobulbar makes sense to ur doubt n if u understand then plz tel us too.

 

[stomatolog26]

yesterday we had long discussion on this topic n finally we settled down with occlusal third coz 3 of the asda exms mention occlusal third ,look for last two pages if u wana check .

Thanks pb2007.

Also want to confirm that is the following mnemonic correct for proximal contacts?

Maxillary: IJ JM JM MM MM MM MM MM
Mandibular: II II IM MM MM MM MM MM