Lets discuss questions of NBDE 1

[d dimps]

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1). .Which angle does a P Wave makes on ECG?
a). .45 degree
b). .180 degree
c). .0 degree
d). .-45 degree
e). .-180 degree.

2). .What is endogenous cholesterol? Most endogenous cholesterol is converted to?
a). .Glucose
b). .Cholic acid
c). .Steroid
d). .Oxaloacetete
e). .Ketone bodies

3). .Which of the following statement is correct regarding Glioblastoma multiforme?
a). .the tumor is most common before puberty
b). .it is classified as a type of meningioma
c). .it is most common type of Astrocytoma.
d). .Its prognosis is generally more favourablethan Grade 1 astrocytoma.
e). .It is derived from the epithelial lining of ventricles

4). .Which of the following pathological changes is irreversible?
a). .fatty changes in liver cells
b). .karyolysis in myocardial cells
c). .glycogen deposition in hepatocyte nuclei
d). .hydropic vacuolization of renal tubular epithelial cells.

5). .An example of Synergism is the effect of?
a). .insulin and glucagon on blood glucose
b). .estrogen and progesterone on uterine motility
c). .growth hormone and thyroxine on skeletal growth.
d). .Antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone on potassium excretion.

 

[Cindrella]

Thanks perfectionist ...

Also, Volume and composition of chyme in duodenum is related to enterogastric refex --> inhibits gastric emptying


Volume and composition of chyme in STOMACH is related to Neural reflexes ( CN 10 ) --> Stimulates gastric emptying

Is this correct or there is no such thing as that ?!

Are All of the carbohydrates , proteins and fats are digested in the upper GI ( stomach + mouth ) , Pancreas ( only for proteins ) and duodenum of small intestine ... or there is a bit of digestion occuring in Jejunum too... ?? Ileum is only for vit.B12 and intrinsic factor absorption... is there osmething else to it ??

 

[pb2007]

thanks cindrella
what do we mean when we say mesial contact area is towards the mesiofacial line angle for max 1st premolar.
this is frm ques 98 frm D packet 1980 july

 

[Cindrella]

thanks cindrella
what do we mean when we say mesial contact area is towards the mesiofacial line angle for max 1st premolar.
this is frm ques 98 frm D packet 1980 july

Mesiofacial line angle would be - Line angled formed by 2 surfaces i.e line where Buccal surface meets the mesial surface of maxillary 1st premolar ....

Mesial contact of maxillary premolar would be in the middle third...

Now when u imagine the mesial contact towards the mesiofacial line angle , i would interpret it as ... the mesial contact is more BUCALLY placed

as in, when we see faciolingually,
posterior tooth contacts are more buccal
anterior tooth contacts are more centered

i hope this helps

 

[pb2007]

Mesiofacial line angle would be - Line angled formed by 2 surfaces i.e line where Buccal surface meets the mesial surface of maxillary 1st premolar ....

Mesial contact of maxillary premolar would be in the middle third...

Now when u imagine the mesial contact towards the mesiofacial line angle , i would interpret it as ... the mesial contact is more BUCALLY placed

as in, when we see faciolingually,
posterior tooth contacts are more buccal
anterior tooth contacts are more centered

i hope this helps

thanks a lot cindrella ,i got it now👍

 

[Cindrella]

Nitrogen can be derived from all of the following except
a. intracellular aminoacids
b. essential AAs which r synthesized in body ... ANSWER ??
c. nonessential AAs from body
d. dietary product


This question has been discussed here before where the answer was marked as D for a while ... but i just realized it should be B !! am i right ?!

 

[perfectionist1]

Nitrogen can be derived from all of the following except
a. intracellular aminoacids
b. essential AAs which r synthesized in body ... ANSWER
c. nonessential AAs from body
d. dietary product


This question has been discussed here before where the answer was marked as D for a while ... but i just realized it should be B !! am i right ?!

Nitrogen occurs in all living organisms. It is a constituent element of amino acids and thus of proteins , and of nucleic acids-DNA and RNA.
check this: http://www.whatislife.com/reader2/Metabolism/pathway/nitrogen.html

 

[pb2007]

21 year old down syndrome patient working in wallmart comes to dentist for filling .pateint is not willing to go for it but mother insists for filling .who should dentist listen to .

should'nt dentist listen to the patient coz patient seems mentally sound if working in wallmart or should listen to mom n go forward with treatment .

 

[perfectionist1]

21 year old down syndrome patient working in wallmart comes to dentist for filling .pateint is not willing to go for it but mother insists for filling .who should dentist listen to .

should'nt dentist listen to the patient coz patient seems mentally sound if working in wallmart or should listen to mom n go forward with treatment .

I think the dentist should listen to the parent since the Down Syndrome pts are not mentally stable....they have lower cognitive ability than a normal child.👍

 

[pb2007]

I think the dentist should listen to the parent since the Down Syndrome pts are not mentally stable....they have lower cognitive ability than a normal child.👍

you are absolutly rite annie but i was confused wen they added that patient works so that means patient is mentally sound or i guess its jst been added to make ques tricky
thanks

 

[Cindrella]

In lateral excursion on a patient with ideal occlusion the mesial cusp ridge of the mandibular ist premolar contacts ?--- The mesiolingual slope of the buccal cusp of the maxillary first premolar .....answer

p.S : i know teethie and annie discussed this before but i didn't understand...!!!

 

[Cindrella]

you are absolutly rite annie but i was confused wen they added that patient works so that means patient is mentally sound or i guess its jst been added to make ques tricky
thanks

Are there a list of disabilities that are considered under the disability ACT ?

thanks annie for the nitrogen link

 

[Cindrella]

Primary teeth have a
1- Anterior :cervical ridge on the buccal and lingual
2- POsterioir :cervical ridge on the buccal only

am i right ?

 

[Cindrella]

Mandibular 1st PM resembles - Canine
Mandibular 2nd PM resembles - Premolars ( kaplan says so .. ) but , shouldn't it be MOLARS !!

 

[perfectionist1]

In lateral excursion on a patient with ideal occlusion the mesial cusp ridge of the mandibular ist premolar contacts ?--- The mesiolingual slope of the buccal cusp of the maxillary first premolar .....answer

p.S : i know teethie and annie discussed this before but i didn't understand...!!!

...the pic is lateral excursion ...

 

[Cindrella]

In lateral excursion on a patient with ideal occlusion the mesial cusp ridge - should have been - distal cusp ridge of the mandibular ist premolar contacts ?--- The mesiolingual slope of the buccal cusp of the maxillary first premolar .....answer

p.S : i know teethie and annie discussed this before but i didn't understand...!!!

...the pic is lateral excursion ...

then according to this picture ... it should have been distal cusp ridge of mandi 1st PM with the mesio lingual slope of Maxi 1st PM .... what say ?
Beautiful pic ! thanks annie 🙂

 

[perfectionist1]

then according to this picture ... it should have been distal cusp ridge of mandi 1st PM with the mesio lingual slope of Maxi 1st PM .... what say ?
Beautiful pic ! thanks annie 🙂

cindrella...in an ideal occlusion ...i.e., angles class-I what is the relation of premolars....even in lateral excursion... its still the angles class -1 relation only ...with ofcurse movement of mandible laterally.

hey wait....u got me confused now!!!in laterotrusive movement....yes the distalbuccal slope mandi. coincides wid mesiobuccal slope.....sory i ws in a different world!neways vl get bck to u wid da rt one.

 

[pb2007]

sensation to ant 2/3rd of tongue travels through what
pterygomaxillaryb fissure
infratemporal fossa.......answer?
pterygopalatine fossa
foramen rotundum

bells palsy is lower motor neuron lesion....am i rite??

gooves and ridges dtermined by what
angle of condyl
curve of spee

 

[perfectionist1]

sensation to ant 2/3rd of tongue travels through what
pterygomaxillaryb fissure
infratemporal fossa.......answer?
pterygopalatine fossa
foramen rotundum
http://www.med.yale.edu/caim/cnerves/cn7/cn7_18.html
bells palsy is lower motor neuron lesion....am i rite??rt

...

 

[pb2007]

...

thanks annie ,ur link was very useful 👍
which morphologic variation would worsen prognosis of periodontal disease
fused roots
excessively long root
amelogenesis imperfecta
shovelling trait in central incisor

which describe the depth of curvature of cervical line on mesial surface of tooth 13
greater than that on mesial surface of tooth 6
less than that on mesial of 11
same as that on mesial surface of tooth 6
same as that on mesial surface of 11
greater than that on mesial surface of 5

 

[Cindrella]

thanks annie ,ur link was very useful 👍
which morphologic variation would worsen prognosis of periodontal disease
fused roots answer
excessively long root
amelogenesis imperfecta
shovelling trait in central incisorcan someone pls elaborate on this trait.. no time to read it now ! isn't this a normal anatomical finding.. shovelling😕

which describe the depth of curvature of cervical line on mesial surface of tooth 13
greater than that on mesial surface of tooth 6 i.e mesial of rt Maxi canine 👎
less than that on mesial of 11 i.e mesial of Lt Maxi canine 👍 - ANSWER
same as that on mesial surface of tooth 6
same as that on mesial surface of 11
greater than that on mesial surface of 5
if i remember right ,
RULE ONE - depth of curvature is greater on the MESIAL than the DISTAL for any tooth
i.e MESIAL > DISTAL
also , RULE TWO -the depth of curvature decreases as we go more posteriorly in the arch from the midline

pls correct me if i am wrong... here , tooth # 11 is anterior to # 13 so following the 2nd rule

 

[Cindrella]

cindrella...in an ideal occlusion ...i.e., angles class-I what is the relation of premolars....even in lateral excursion... its still the angles class -1 relation only ...with ofcurse movement of mandible laterally.

hey wait....u got me confused now!!!in laterotrusive movement....yes the distalbuccal slope mandi. coincides wid mesiobuccal slope.....sory i ws in a different world!neways vl get bck to u wid da rt one.

No prob 🙂 do let me know when u reach your conclusion 👍

 

[perfectionist1]

which morphologic variation would worsen prognosis of periodontal disease
fused roots -------correct
excessively long root
amelogenesis imperfecta
shovelling trait in central incisor-----shovelling is presence of deep lingual surface/fossa with raised marginal ridges...givin it the appearance of a "shovelled" tooth.👍

 

[perfectionist1]

In lateral excursion on a patient with ideal occlusion the mesial cusp ridge of the mandibular ist premolar contacts ?--- The mesiolingual slope of the buccal cusp of the maxillary first premolar .....answer

p.S : i know teethie and annie discussed this before but i didn't understand...!!!

ahh y dint this thing come to ma mind earlier!!!
guys....is there a MESIO-LINGUAL slope on a BUCCAL cUSP!!!!!!
a lingual slope on a buccal cusp!well i just checked wheelers...n cudnt find one it shud hv been a mesiobuccal slope.
Also how can a mesial-mesial slopes occlude!!!😕
Now i dont think the whole questn makes sense!

 

[Cindrella]

ahh y dint this thing come to ma mind earlier!!!
guys....is there a MESIO-LINGUAL slope on a BUCCAL cUSP!!!!!!
a lingual slope on a buccal cusp!well i just checked wheelers...n cudnt find one it shud hv been a mesiobuccal slope.
Also how can a mesial-mesial slopes occlude!!!😕
Now i dont think the whole questn makes sense!

@ annie -Exactly ! i couldn't locate a mesiolingual slop anywhere ! but since everybody's discussion was sooo solid .. i thought may be i am missing out on something , and i made up my own mesio lingual slope 😉 but , on a second thought any slope that faces the lingual side will be the mesiolingual slope.. both could be right .. now i am thoroughly confused ! I hope wdent is seeing this conversation ... cuz he had asked this and come to certain conclusion...

@ pb2007 -- i think groove and ridges are determined by the angle of condyle
check this link http://www.docstoc.com/docs/20490463/MANDIBULAR-MOVEMENTS-AND-OCCLUSAL-MORPHOLOGY slide 49 /67
EFFECT OF DISTANCE FROM ROTATING CONDYLE on RIDGE and GROOVE direction :Greater the distance of the tooth from the condyle , the wider is the angle formed by laterotrusive and mediotrusive pathways.
moreover , curve of spee is following the cusp tips so i guess its the other option !

 

[perfectionist1]

@ annie -Exactly ! i couldn't locate a mesiolingual slop anywhere ! but since everybody's discussion was sooo solid .. i thought may be i am missing out on something , and i made up my own mesio lingual slope 😉 but , on a second thought any slope that faces the lingual side will be the mesiolingual slope.. both could be right .. now i am thoroughly confused ! I hope wdent is seeing this conversation ... cuz he had asked this and come to certain conclusion...

@ pb2007 -- i think groove and ridges are determined by the rotating condyle
check this link http://www.docstoc.com/docs/20490463/MANDIBULAR-MOVEMENTS-AND-OCCLUSAL-MORPHOLOGY slide 49 /67

moreover , curve of spee is following the cusp tips so i guess its the other option !

haha...gosh i think half of ma brain shrunk wid this questn!!!
anyways cindrella...for a normal laterotrusive movement...this is what occurs:
Contacts occur between the inner inclines of the maxillary buccal cusps and the outer inclines of the mandibular buccal cusps; they can also occur between the outer inclines of the maxillary lingual cusps and the inner inclines of the mandibular lingual cusps.
Hope u got it.👍

 

[Cindrella]

haha...gosh i think half of ma brain shrunk wid this questn!!!
anyways cindrella...for a normal laterotrusive movement...this is what occurs:
Contacts occur between the inner inclines of the maxillary buccal cusps(did u mean mandibular lingual cusps here ) and the outer inclines of the mandibular buccal cusps; they can also occur between the outer inclines of the maxillary lingual cusps ( maxillary buccal cusps here ) and the inner inclines of the mandibular lingual cusps.
Hope u got it.👍

Pls clarify ..sorry

 

[Cindrella]

Physio deck # 35 ..why didn't they choose phosphoenol pyruvate ? is it cuz its not in the muscle ? ... PEP also has a high phosphate grp transfer potential than ATP

 

[perfectionist1]

Pls clarify ..sorry

no ma definition is "copy- paste" from okeson😛
okie its like a crossbite...mandible outside...and maxilla inside...
now the outer surface(incline) of buccal cusp in maxi...will contact the inner incline of mandible buccal cusp.
P.S: both the teeth are not occluding....its only contacting.

 

[Cindrella]

no ma definition is "copy- paste" from okeson😛
okie its like a crossbite...mandible outside...and maxilla inside...
now the outer surface(incline) of buccal cusp in maxi...will contact the inner incline of mandible buccal cusp.
P.S: both the teeth are not occluding....its only contacting.

okie got it now .. i took the mandible beyond the maxillary buccal cusps 😱 ..so u r right 👍 thanks

another doubt physio deck # 38 ... isn't it that fewer the muscle fibres , finer the movement ... http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hzXVe4RS8-A

Why did deck guy choose finer the movement required , greater the no. of muscle spindle . ??

HELpPPPppPPppPP please!!

 

[Cindrella]

What's the ALL or NONE phenomenon in muscle physiology ?

 

[perfectionist1]

okie got it now .. i took the mandible beyond the maxillary buccal cusps 😱 ..so u r right 👍 thanks

another doubt physio deck # 38 ... isn't it that fewer the muscle fibres , finer the movement ...Why did deck guy choose finer the movement required , greater the no. of muscle spindle . ??

HELpPPPppPPppPP please!!

dont knw much abt physio ....bt
Both the statements are right cindrella....
Greater the no. of muscle spindles finer the movements
Fewer the no. of muscle fibers finer the movement.
muscle spindle only consists of intrafusal fibers....which are the proprioceptive receptors
extrafusal fibers are the actual muscle fibers....i guess fewer refers to them.

 

[perfectionist1]

What's the ALL or NONE phenomenon in muscle physiology ?

"The all-or-none law is the principle that the strength by which a nerve or muscle fiber responds to a stimulus is not dependent on the strength of the stimulus. If the stimulus is any strength above threshold, the nerve or muscle fiber will give a complete response or otherwise no response at all."👍

 

[pb2007]

thanks a lot annie n cindrella for your effort .
i dont have proper key for 99 exm so was'nt sure the answers were correct.
cindrella your doubts in dental ana are helping me out too 👍

 

[Cindrella]

Thank you so much annie ...

 

[Cindrella]

Primary teeth have
1- Anterior :cervical ridge on the buccal and lingual
2- POsterioir :cervical ridge on the buccal only

am i right ?

Mandibular 1st PM resembles - Canine
Mandibular 2nd PM resembles - Premolars ( kaplan says so .. ) but , shouldn't it be MOLARS !!

@pb2007 👍

somebody pls confirm these... Also ...
Mandibular molar ROOTS are directed bucally and Maxillary molar ROOTS are directed lingually / palatally EXCEPT distobuccal of 1st Maxillary molar that is directed BUCALLY ... right ?

Maxillary sinus is in closer approximation with Maxi. 1st M roots right ?! or is it 2nd Molar maxi ?

 

[Cindrella]

only 2 covalent bonds --> peptide bonds ( proteins ) and disulphide bonds ( cystein )

right ? if there are more ..pls add ,.,..

 

[pb2007]

@pb2007 👍

somebody pls confirm these... Also ...
Mandibular molar ROOTS are directed bucally and Maxillary molar ROOTS are directed lingually / palatally EXCEPT distobuccal of 1st Maxillary molar that is directed BUCALLY ... right ?what u said is rite as a general rule maxillary max crowns are bucally placed so roots are lingual and mandibular crowns are lingually inclined n therie roots bucally but dont kno abt the exception part u said .

Maxillary sinus is in closer approximation with Maxi. 1st M roots right ?! or is it 2nd Molar maxi ?

........its first molar

parotid duct opens opposite 2nd molar ....rite
mental foramen is close to root of 1st mand premolar ?

cindrella do u remember there was discussion on the circular embrasure is present between which premolar ,
if any one remebers the answer plz tel

 

[R19]

.each of foll is ass with congestive heart failure except 1-
1.dyspnoea
2.cyanosis
3.anasarca
4.ankle edema
5.passive liver congestion .(i cant rule out any of these.lil help plz)\
Q. the pulmonary neoplasm to which endocrine effects of hyperparathyroidism is attributed to is-
1.squamous cell ca
2.oat cell ca
3.medullary ca
4.pheochromocytoma
5.adenoma (i think ans shud b 1 but in key ist 2 ???)
Q.which is the most common malignant neoplasm of lungs- squamous cell or adenoca??

 

[R19]

Qwhich of the foll have a relation with ca of cervix?
1.papovavirus
2.varicella zoster
3.herpesvirus hominis type2
4.none of the above (ans given in key is 3.isnt HPV ass with cervical ca)??
Q.does initial infection with hespes simplx result in more severe symptoms or a subclinical disease??i found contrary ans so pls help

 

[pb2007]

.each of foll is ass with congestive heart failure except 1-
1.dyspnoea
2.cyanosis
3.anasarca...........answer
4.ankle edema
5.passive liver congestion .(i cant rule out any of these.lil help plz)\
Q. the pulmonary neoplasm to which endocrine effects of hyperparathyroidism is attributed to is-
1.squamous cell ca
2.oat cell ca
3.medullary ca
4.pheochromocytoma
5.adenoma (i think ans shud b 1 but in key ist 2 ???)
Q.which is the most common malignant neoplasm of lungs- squamous cell or adenoca??

adenocarcinoma is most common type malignant lung carcinoma


kaplan mention oat cell carcinoma secrete ACTH and ADH while squamous cell carcinoma secretes hyperparathyroidism .
can u tel which year is this ques frm

 

[pb2007]

Qwhich of the foll have a relation with ca of cervix?
1.papovavirus
2.varicella zoster
3.herpesvirus hominis type2
4.none of the above (ans given in key is 3.isnt HPV ass with cervical ca)??
Q.does initial infection with hespes simplx result in more severe symptoms or a subclinical disease??i found contrary ans so pls help

see decks for this ,i think they mention its subclinical

for cervix cancer its 3rd choice,i think u are thinking human papilloma virus but its written papova not HPV.
http://books.google.com/books?id=zQVd1plj4-EC&pg=PA120&dq=herpes+virus+hominis+2&hl=en&ei=ngKoTO7gOcugnQet0OXiDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=herpes%20virus%20hominis%202&f=false

 

[pb2007]

perm incisors n 1st molars erupted .primary canine and molars are still in place .this is typical for child of
5 yr
7 yr
9 yr
11 yr

 

[R19]

@pb2007 yes im aware tht its papova but HPV belongs to family papova itself.thnx for the link...quite convincing.and qn regarding most common lung ca is in I-B series i thought of same ans too but those in ans key is diff.i also chekd in first aid it says squamous cell is most common type.and other qn is from I-C pack.again same thing ans is oat cell in key

 

[Cindrella]

perm incisors n 1st molars erupted .primary canine and molars are still in place .this is typical for child of
5 yr no
7 yr no
9 yr i would go with this cuz exfoliation time for maxillary canine is 10-12 and mandibular canine is 9-11
11 yr

P.S : permanent mandibular canine erupts before maxillary canine right ?

 

[Cindrella]

........its first molar

parotid duct opens opposite 2nd molar ....rite👍
mental foramen is close to root of 1st mand premolar ? i think its mandibular 2nd PM..will check and let u know ASAP

cindrella do u remember there was discussion on the circular embrasure is present between which premolar ,
if any one remebers the answer plz tel

its MESIAL of maxillary 2nd PM - circular mesial contact !

 

[pb2007]

its MESIAL of maxillary 2nd PM - circular mesial contact !

thanks cindrella ,i found out its 2nd premolar.
n regarding 1st ques on erution dates,ur answer is rite ,this is what is marked in 99 exm but my trouble is that i fail to understand frm the ques that they basically wana kno the erution for canine ,like i read permanent incisors n molars hav erupted so though that's wat they wana kno but how could u decide that ques asks for canine eruption......i hope u got my point .

 

[Cindrella]

thanks cindrella ,i found out its 2nd premolar.
n regarding 1st ques on erution dates,ur answer is rite ,this is what is marked in 99 exm but my trouble is that i fail to understand frm the ques that they basically wana kno the erution for canine ,like i read permanent incisors n molars hav erupted so though that's wat they wana kno but how could u decide that ques asks for canine eruption......i hope u got my point .

yup i get your point... but tried just once to get the answer with eruption time.. since i couldn't quickly shifted to exfoliation time... my GUT feeling is NBDE wants us to conc. on exfoliation time and calcification time more than eruption time 😉 so think their way while solving these .. 👍 don't worry ...

A deep lingual fossa and prominent marginal ridges are characteristic of
A. maxillary lateralright ?
B. maxillary canine

 

[pb2007]

yup i get your point... but tried just once to get the answer with eruption time.. since i couldn't quickly shifted to exfoliation time... my GUT feeling is NBDE wants us to conc. on exfoliation time and calcification time more than eruption time 😉 so think their way while solving these .. 👍 don't worry ...

A deep lingual fossa and prominent marginal ridges are characteristic of
A. maxillary lateralright ?
B. maxillary canine

👍👍

 

[R19]

Do v count eosinophils as phagocytes??

 

[pb2007]

which of following describe proper axial inclination of palatal root of max 2nd molar
vertical
mesial and lingual
mesial and facial
distal and facial
distal and linguaL

MOST CONVEX INCISAL angle on anterior teeth is found on which angel of which incisor
distoincisal ....max lat
distoincisal...mand lat
distoincisal...mand cent
mesioincisal ...max lat
mesioincisal ....max central