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After an automobile accident , a patient's chin deviates to the left on opening mouth widely.His mandible is probably fractured at which of the following points?

a. genial tubercle
b.left condyolar neck
c.right condylar neck
d.left mental foramen
e.right mental foramen

post the correct anwer and justify it with right explanation
 
Typo said:
Definitely not perichondrium - perichondrium is only associated with hyaline and elastic cartilage, and neither of those are in the TMJ. All articulating surfaces of the TMJ are covered by dense fibrous connective tissue, while all non-articulating surfaces of the TMJ are covered w/ periosteum. 100% sure on this; there are tons of questions on old tests regarding this.

Tendons and ligaments ARE made up of collagenous connective tissue, but it's also in the dermis, and other places. It's all over the place.


typo you are good with the subjects i guess? when are you giving your exams

👍 👍 👍
 
dentist33 said:
typo you are good with the subjects i guess? when are you giving your exams

👍 👍 👍
This Sunday's the day for me - I've put in a good chunk of time so far, so we'll see if it pays off. Seeing posts in other threads about this test being "impossible to study for" makes me a little nervous, but oh well. Nothing else to do but study some more . . .
 
Thanks for the answers, found a logical answer to that :-
Since now-a-days blood is screened for Hep A and Hep B before transfusion, the '"cluster" can not be positive for HA and HB, so it is HC/NANB

Thanks to ppl who answered...

CT

confused tooth said:
A "cluster" of hepatitis cases associated with blood tranfusions is most likely:
a. Hep A
b. Hep B
c. NANB Hep
d. Hep D

I always thought it was Hep B :-(, but the answer is given as NANB Hep !!

I think, I dont deserve to take boards :-(

Always,
Confused tooth
 
Typo said:
This Sunday's the day for me - I've put in a good chunk of time so far, so we'll see if it pays off. Seeing posts in other threads about this test being "impossible to study for" makes me a little nervous, but oh well. Nothing else to do but study some more . . .


U hit it right........good luck with your exams!

ct
 
Typo said:
5 - Dense collagenous connective tissue. There's no hyaline cartilage in the TMJ, and the synovial membrane is only found lining the actual capsule.
I also vote for 5. "The most superficial layer is made of dense fibrous connective tissue not hyaline cartilages, which cover most diarthrodial joints". Best wishes to you. I know you'll do well.
 
Typo said:
This Sunday's the day for me - I've put in a good chunk of time so far, so we'll see if it pays off. Seeing posts in other threads about this test being "impossible to study for" makes me a little nervous, but oh well. Nothing else to do but study some more . . .


all the best for your exams dude 👍 👍 👍 👍 👍 👍 👍
 
if the anticodon on t rna is 5acg3 then which of the following is its corresponding codon nrna
5cgt
5cgu
5tgc
5uag
5ugc
ans is said 5cgu3,does anybody explain why???? 🙁
 
rturgay said:
if the anticodon on t rna is 5acg3 then which of the following is its corresponding codon nrna
5cgt
5cgu
5tgc
5uag
5ugc
ans is said 5cgu3,does anybody explain why???? 🙁
The codon and the anticodon are antiparallel to each other. This means that they would be written out like this:

Codon: 5'-ACG-3'
Antico: 3'-UGC-5'

So, when you write the anticodon out 5' to 3', it's the reverse: CGU. Also, since you're dealing with RNA, any T that would normally be in there will be a U.
 
From the pilot exam:

-----
If the patient and dentist elect to extract Tooth #30, sectioning of the tooth will be required. The dentist should be aware of which of the following furcations on this tooth?

A. One
B. Two - mesial and distal
C. Two - facial and lingual
-----

The answer key says C. Aren't bifurcations just where the roots branch off? It seems like the answer would be B. Can anyone explain?
 
thnx typo
now how about this
patient moves her mandible right and chews only on that side w o f muscles primarily produces this mandibuler movement
-r masseter
-l temporalis
-r m pterygoid
-r l pterygoid
-ll l pterygoid
answer is l l pterygoid
i know it is easy but i want an explanation for that too,would u
i just want to make sure about the logis of the diagnosis
thnx :scared: :luck:
 
Typo said:
From the pilot exam:

-----
If the patient and dentist elect to extract Tooth #30, sectioning of the tooth will be required. The dentist should be aware of which of the following furcations on this tooth?

A. One
B. Two - mesial and distal
C. Two - facial and lingual
-----

The answer key says C. Aren't bifurcations just where the roots branch off? It seems like the answer would be B. Can anyone explain?
yes
thats right
actually i chose a
cause i know that there is only one furcation between two roots?
why do you still think 2?
:scared: :luck:
 
rturgay said:
thnx typo
now how about this
patient moves her mandible right and chews only on that side w o f muscles primarily produces this mandibuler movement
-r masseter
-l temporalis
-r m pterygoid
-r l pterygoid
-ll l pterygoid
answer is l l pterygoid
i know it is easy but i want an explanation for that too,would u
i just want to make sure about the logis of the diagnosis
thnx :scared: :luck:
Any kind of major jaw movement to the right or left is going to require the lateral pterygoids. To move to the right requires contraction of the left lateral pterygoid. This is because the lateral pterygoid pulls the condyle anteromedially. When they're both working, it's just anterior (protrusive), since the two medial movements cancel each other out.

To put it another way, the direction that the jaw is moving is synonymous with the lateral pterygoid that is NOT being used. This is kind of like the injury questions they ask, "When the patient opens their mouth, the jaw deviates to the left. Which of the following muscles is damaged?" The answer is the left pterygoid, since the patient is trying to use both pterygoids, and only one is working. So, the right pterygoid is the one doing the pulling - anteromedially.
 
Typo said:
From the pilot exam:

-----
If the patient and dentist elect to extract Tooth #30, sectioning of the tooth will be required. The dentist should be aware of which of the following furcations on this tooth?

A. One
B. Two - mesial and distal
C. Two - facial and lingual
-----

The answer key says C. Aren't bifurcations just where the roots branch off? It seems like the answer would be B. Can anyone explain?

The answer is C. There are 2 furcations on the mand molars, one F and one L.
There are 3 furcations on the max molars: 1 F, 1ML and 1 DL.
You'll get this in perio in 2 nd year.
J
 
i really need to review intraoral bacteria,and infection control,does anybody have this stuff,i did not find in decks and kaplans book either.
i need the sterilizans and disinfectants and this oral bacteria stuff
pls helppppppppppppp :scared: :scared: :scared:
 
Which Of the following statements BEST describe GTP-binding proteins
(G-proteins)?
a-are tightly bound to adenylate cyclase
b-are membrane proteins
 
dentethic said:
Which Of the following statements BEST describe GTP-binding proteins
(G-proteins)?
a-are tightly bound to adenylate cyclase
b-are membrane proteins
The answer is B. G-proteins are not normally bound to adenylate cyclase; they only bind to it when a polypeptide hormone binds with an extracellular receptor, which replaces the G-protein's GDP with a GTP. This is what causes them to bind to and activate adenylate cyclase. So, most of the time, they're just sitting there alone in the membrane.
 
Jo23 said:
The answer is C. There are 2 furcations on the mand molars, one F and one L.
There are 3 furcations on the max molars: 1 F, 1ML and 1 DL.
You'll get this in perio in 2 nd year.
J
Thanks - actually, now that I'm looking at a picture with your description, it makes perfect sense.
 
Pilot exam:

-----
Lymphatic fluid from the area of infected Tooth #32 will drain INITIALLY to which of the following nodes?

A.
B.
C. Deep cervical
D. Submandibular
E.
-----

Key says C. I thought that all teeth except mandibular incisors drained into the submandibular nodes? Or is there some pattern for the molars draining straight into the deep cervicals?
 
1-each o the following attrituble to hepatic failure except one ,w o i e??
-
-
-gynecomastia
-mallory bodies
????
2-main route of calcium excretion?
-
-feces
-urine
-
????
Excretion
The kidney excretes 250 mmol a day in pro-urine, and resorbs 245 mmol, leading to a net loss in the urine of 5 mmol/l. In addition to this, the kidney processes Vitamin D into calcitriol, the active form that is most effective in assisting intestinal absorption. Both processes are stimulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH)
 
Typo said:
Pilot exam:

-----
Lymphatic fluid from the area of infected Tooth #32 will drain INITIALLY to which of the following nodes?

A.
B.
C. Deep cervical
D. Submandibular
E.
-----

Key says C. I thought that all teeth except mandibular incisors drained into the submandibular nodes? Or is there some pattern for the molars draining straight into the deep cervicals?

u know what typo
i chose smln too...
sometimes i ignore this type of question,caz i dont have enough time to get through for every single ridiciolus key que relationship
 
rturgay said:
1-each o the following attrituble to hepatic failure except one ,w o i e??
-
-
-gynecomastia
-mallory bodies
????
2-main route of calcium excretion?
-
-feces
-urine
-
????
Excretion
The kidney excretes 250 mmol a day in pro-urine, and resorbs 245 mmol, leading to a net loss in the urine of 5 mmol/l. In addition to this, the kidney processes Vitamin D into calcitriol, the active form that is most effective in assisting intestinal absorption. Both processes are stimulated by parathyroid hormone (PTH)
For #1, I'm pretty sure it's Mallory bodies. Gynecomastia is definitely linked to liver failure; Mallory bodies are only involved with alcoholism, which doesn't necessarily equate to liver failure. Kind of a stretch, I know, but that's the conclusion I've come to.

For #2, the pilot exam says that the answer is feces. In my physiology book, it says most is excreted by the kidneys. So, either it's a miskey, or I haven't a clue.
 
Typo said:
For #1, I'm pretty sure it's Mallory bodies. Gynecomastia is definitely linked to liver failure; Mallory bodies are only involved with alcoholism, which doesn't necessarily equate to liver failure. Kind of a stretch, I know, but that's the conclusion I've come to.

For #2, the pilot exam says that the answer is feces. In my physiology book, it says most is excreted by the kidneys. So, either it's a miskey, or I haven't a clue.
check this out typo
1-6.3 Alcoholic Cirrhosis
Established cirrhosis is usually a disease of middle age after the patient has had many years of drinking. Although there may be a history of alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis can develop in apparently well-nourished, asymptomatic patients. Occasionally the patient may present with end-stage liver disease with malnutrition, ascites, encephalopathy and a bleeding tendency. A history of alcohol abuse usually points to the etiology. Clinically, the patient is wasted. There may be bilateral parotid enlargement and Dupuytren's contracture in alcohol abuse. The patient may have palmar erythema and multiple spider nevi of chronic liver disease. Males develop gynecomastia and small testes.

2-Alcoholic hepatitis includes the macrovesicular fatty change plus a diffuse inflammatory response to injury and necrosis (often focal); established cirrhosis may also be present.
Mallory (alcoholic hyaline) bodies are fibrillar proteins of intracytoplasmic inclusions within swollen hepatocytes; these cells contain little or no fat. With hematoxylin and eosin stain, Mallory bodies appear as irregular aggregates of purplish red material. Although characteristic of alcoholic hepatitis, Mallory bodies are also found in some cases of Wilson's disease, Indian childhood cirrhosis, cirrhosis following small-bowel bypass surgery, primary biliary cirrhosis (or other causes of prolonged cholestasis), diabetes mellitus, morbid obesity, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

i dont know what to say
here is an other one
lowest po2 is found
-
-expired air
-venous blood
-

what u think about that????
 
rturgay said:
check this out typo
1-6.3 Alcoholic Cirrhosis
Established cirrhosis is usually a disease of middle age after the patient has had many years of drinking. Although there may be a history of alcoholic hepatitis, cirrhosis can develop in apparently well-nourished, asymptomatic patients. Occasionally the patient may present with end-stage liver disease with malnutrition, ascites, encephalopathy and a bleeding tendency. A history of alcohol abuse usually points to the etiology. Clinically, the patient is wasted. There may be bilateral parotid enlargement and Dupuytren's contracture in alcohol abuse. The patient may have palmar erythema and multiple spider nevi of chronic liver disease. Males develop gynecomastia and small testes.

2-Alcoholic hepatitis includes the macrovesicular fatty change plus a diffuse inflammatory response to injury and necrosis (often focal); established cirrhosis may also be present.
Mallory (alcoholic hyaline) bodies are fibrillar proteins of intracytoplasmic inclusions within swollen hepatocytes; these cells contain little or no fat. With hematoxylin and eosin stain, Mallory bodies appear as irregular aggregates of purplish red material. Although characteristic of alcoholic hepatitis, Mallory bodies are also found in some cases of Wilson's disease, Indian childhood cirrhosis, cirrhosis following small-bowel bypass surgery, primary biliary cirrhosis (or other causes of prolonged cholestasis), diabetes mellitus, morbid obesity, and hepatocellular carcinoma.

i dont know what to say
here is an other one
lowest po2 is found
-
-expired air
-venous blood
-

what u think about that????
I still think it's Mallory bodies, because of this: a person with alcoholic hepatitis definitely has Malllory bodies, but they don't necessarily have liver failure. This means that the Mallory bodies are linked to hepatitis, but not to liver failure. Even when a person with alcoholic hepatitis eventually ends up with liver failure, the Mallory bodies will still be originally a result of the hepatitis, and not the liver failure.

For the lowest pO2, it's venous blood. Expired air has the same oxygen content as the blood in the pulmonary veins (which is pretty high). This is because air enters at a much higher oxygen concentration than that of the pulmonary arteries, and its partial pressure equalizes with the pulmonary capillaries - thus making the oxygen content in the pulmonary veins equal to alveolar (expired) air. The oxygen content of the pulmonary veins is much higher than systemic "venous blood."
 
rturgay said:
answer is
gastritis
no dubt !!!!
why?
becouse it does not cos any malbsorbtion anything mentioned above 😍
does it?

I think gastritis can cause malabsorption of protein because protein (10-15% according to Kaplan book) is broken down to amino acids in the stomach... Jaundice is due to blockage of bile duct, so it will interfere with fat absorption. Ulcerative colitis happens predominantly in left colon and rectum so it is not associated with absorption of fat, vitamin, protein.

I have another question: which of the following forms of bacterial gene trasfer is the LEAST suseptible to DNase and does NOT require cell2cell contact?

a.Transition
b.Conjugation
c.Transduction
d.Transformation

c or d??? not sure 😕
 
I believe transduction is the answer---genetic info. is protected within bacteriophage. Correct me if I am wrong on this
 
skim23 said:
I think gastritis can cause malabsorption of protein because protein (10-15% according to Kaplan book) is broken down to amino acids in the stomach... Jaundice is due to blockage of bile duct, so it will interfere with fat absorption. Ulcerative colitis happens predominantly in left colon and rectum so it is not associated with absorption of fat, vitamin, protein.

I have another question: which of the following forms of bacterial gene trasfer is the LEAST suseptible to DNase and does NOT require cell2cell contact?

a.Transition
b.Conjugation
c.Transduction
d.Transformation

c or d??? not sure 😕
well
u might be right
i ve just check the kaplans pathology section i did not see anything aabout the gastrit section?
i am not really sure that gastrit would effect the chief cell function???
anyway,
if i meet this question i will never choose jaundince anyway becouse it is obvious that it has a direct effect at least to fat met.

transformation is more logical coz bac cell is by itself,it doesnt involve with another virus or bacteria like in conj. and transd.
 
rturgay said:
well
u might be right
i ve just check the kaplans pathology section i did not see anything aabout the gastrit section?
i am not really sure that gastrit would effect the chief cell function???
anyway,
if i meet this question i will never choose jaundince anyway becouse it is obvious that it has a direct effect at least to fat met.

transformation is more logical coz bac cell is by itself,it doesnt involve with another virus or bacteria like in conj. and transd.

if you have this year's kaplan book it's on page 153, under "stomach". Protein absorption is on page 403...

I also think transformation b/c it's always described in books with the tag "does not require cell to cell contact"...
thanks for yur help!
 
skim23 said:
if you have this year's kaplan book it's on page 153, under "stomach". Protein absorption is on page 403...

I also think transformation b/c it's always described in books with the tag "does not require cell to cell contact"...
thanks for yur help!
It's tranduction, 100% positive - this is on old tests. Transformation is the uptake of naked DNA from the extracellular material, and since it's naked, it's subject to DNase activity. Transduction is the transfer of DNA from one cell to another via a bacteriophage, which is similar to transformation (no cell to cell contact, since viruses aren't cells), except the DNA is protected from DNase by the bacteriophage's protein coat.
 
skim23 said:
I have another question: which of the following forms of bacterial gene trasfer is the LEAST suseptible to DNase and does NOT require cell2cell contact?

a.Transition
b.Conjugation
c.Transduction
d.Transformation

c or d??? not sure 😕

hey it's c transduction...i m 100% sure too......
 
lifeisshort said:
Each of the following diseases may cuz malabsorption of vitamin, fats, proteins except:
1.ulcerative colitis
2.jaundice
3.giardiasis
4.gastrititis
5. Crohn's Diz

Ans: 1?? 2??

Thanks
the answer is 1 ulcerative colitis as this can cause lactose malabsorption mostly and not vitamin,fats and protein
this is my understanding....correct me if i m wrong...
 
rythm said:
the answer is 1 ulcerative colitis as this can cause lactose malabsorption mostly and not vitamin,fats and protein
this is my understanding....correct me if i m wrong...

Ulcerative colitis could be the right answer, but please note that it is Irritable bowel syndrome that causes lactose malabsorption, which is not the same as Inflammatory bowel disease.
 
Thanks for all the help guys. I have another question:

Which of the following types of necrosis is particularly characteristic of pyogenic infections?

a.caseous
b.gummatous
c.coagulative
d.liquefactive
e.enzymatic fat

this is from 2002 and on my copy it says a. I am suspecting liquefactive...
 
Has to be liquefactive .....I guess

skim23 said:
Thanks for all the help guys. I have another question:

Which of the following types of necrosis is particularly characteristic of pyogenic infections?

a.caseous
b.gummatous
c.coagulative
d.liquefactive
e.enzymatic fat

this is from 2002 and on my copy it says a. I am suspecting liquefactive...
 
skim23 said:
Thanks for all the help guys. I have another question:

Which of the following types of necrosis is particularly characteristic of pyogenic infections?

a.caseous
b.gummatous
c.coagulative
d.liquefactive
e.enzymatic fat

this is from 2002 and on my copy it says a. I am suspecting liquefactive...
I'm pretty sure you're right - it's liquefactive. Liquefactive is caused by pus-producing enzymes (or something like that), and pyogenic infections definitely have pus.
 
Typo said:
Wouldn't #2 be D? I think the name Streptococcus implies "chains," which makes S. mutans just like the other streptococci. Are there other oral bacteria that make glucan?

#2 is D, you are correct!
mutans make glucans...or dextrans.
 
distint change in the type of surface epithelium at the junction of the
-
-ileum colon
-stomach esophagus
-
-
explain it why,would u?

another important thing that i want to get informed about the miskey question in 2004 released....pls
 
typo
i see u r good at dna-rna subject where do u want me to get this subject reviewde(and also disinfectants etc...)
i m looking forward for ur and every bodies suggestionss
 
rturgay said:
distint change in the type of surface epithelium at the junction of the
-
-ileum colon
-stomach esophagus
-
-
explain it why,would u?

another important thing that i want to get informed about the miskey question in 2004 released....pls
Stomach - esophagus is the answer. The esophagus (and oral cavity) is basically a continuation of the outside of the body/skin, meaning it's stratified squamous epithelium. Once you hit the stomach, GI epithelium kicks in, which is simple columnar epithelium. The ileum and colon both have simple columnar epithelium; the only difference is that the colon doesn't have microvilli, while the ileum does.

For DNA-RNA, I've found the USMLE First-Aid book to be a pretty good review for that subject.
 
-----
The largest incisal/occlusal embrasure is located between which of the following teeth?

A.
B.
C. Maxillary lateral incisor and canine
D.
E. Maxillary canine and first premolar
-----

The key says C, but on my typodont it sure as heck looks like E - especially since the MBCR of the maxillary first premolar is so long. Or does the embrasure not extend as far as I'm thinking?
 
The largest incisal embrasure is between the max. lateral and canine, it isn't a typo--no pun intended
 
Typo said:
The answer is B. G-proteins are not normally bound to adenylate cyclase; they only bind to it when a polypeptide hormone binds with an extracellular receptor, which replaces the G-protein's GDP with a GTP. This is what causes them to bind to and activate adenylate cyclase. So, most of the time, they're just sitting there alone in the membrane.

Thanks a lot TYPO
for your time and contribution

I have some more Qs Please:
1- What way of transportation would the solute use in case of cyanide and apnea?
-Active
-simple
-facilitated

2-To transport a solute from its concentration of 50 to 30 will need?
-Active transport
-simple diffiusion
-facilitated diffusion

3-Cause of secondary swallowing?

4-Culture with Y or H shaped filament organism would be?

5- routinly given vaccine in U.S to children is:
a-MMR
b-DPT

6- Patient having normal glucose metabolism What's the Vco2/Vo2?

7-Which of the following can't be calculated directly by spirogram?
- IVR
- VC
- ERV
- FRC
or...

8-What mostly affects cusp heights
a-Horizontal overlap
b-Vertical overlap
c-Curve of spee
d-Inter condylar distance

Thanks again
 
I can only guess at the answers to a few, so here they are:

2-To transport a solute from its concentration of 50 to 30 will need?
-Active transport
-simple diffiusion
-facilitated diffusion
Is this all the information given in this question? It's definitely not active transport. If it's a small nonpolar solute, the answer is simple diffusion. If it's charged or is a large solute, the answer is facilitated diffusion.

4-Culture with Y or H shaped filament organism would be?
What are the answer choices? Actinomyces? Aspergillus?

5- routinly given vaccine in U.S to children is:
a-MMR
b-DPT
DPT.

7-Which of the following can't be calculated directly by spirogram?
- IVR
- VC
- ERV
- FRC
FRC - functional residual capacity. This is equal to the expiratory reserve volume plus the residual volume, and any volume containing the residual volume can't be measure by spirometry.

Those are the only ones I'm fairly sure on.
 
wise146 said:
The largest incisal embrasure is between the max. lateral and canine, it isn't a typo--no pun intended
Hmmmmm . . . I was just going through the 1979 dental anatomy test, and its answer key says canine and first premolars have the largest incisal or occlusal embrasure. Hopefully that one just won't show up.
 
The largest OVERALL occlusal embrasure is between the maxillary canine and first pre-molar

The largest incisal embrasure is between the maxillary lateral and canine


from my class notes.....
 
dentethic said:
Thanks a lot TYPO
for your time and contribution

I have some more Qs Please:
1- What way of transportation would the solute use in case of cyanide and apnea?
-Active
-simple
-facilitated

2-To transport a solute from its concentration of 50 to 30 will need?
-Active transport
-simple diffiusion
-facilitated diffusion

3-Cause of secondary swallowing?

4-Culture with Y or H shaped filament organism would be?

5- routinly given vaccine in U.S to children is:
a-MMR
b-DPT

6- Patient having normal glucose metabolism What's the Vco2/Vo2?

7-Which of the following can't be calculated directly by spirogram?
- IVR
- VC
- ERV
- FRC
or...

8-What mostly affects cusp heights
a-Horizontal overlap
b-Vertical overlap
c-Curve of spee
d-Inter condylar distance

Thanks again
1 i am not sureabout it

2 simple diffusion

3 peristaltic movement of esophagus

4 i think the q is incomplete

5 dpt

6 is ~1

7 residual volume


8 curve of spee i think

pls do correct me if wrong
 
patient is severly anemic,showing normocytic,normochromic rbc w o f best characterizes this anemia????
-
-hemolytic
-myelophthisic
-
-
both choices cause n n a doesnot it???
can somebody explain this for me,pls
 
Regarding Biochem :-
lactose and cellolose have same glycosidic linkages (beta 1,4) then how is it that lactose can be digested and cellulose cant be digested by humans?

I had read this in previous posts, but cud not recollect/relocate that.......

Sorry fro incnvinience, if any for anybody

CT
 
4-Culture with Y or H shaped filament organism would be?

I think the answ is enterobacteries cos H shape is for the flagella, but I am not sure

7-Which of the following can't be calculated directly by spirogram?
- IVR
- VC
- ERV
- FRC
or...

FRC
 
rturgay said:
patient is severly anemic,showing normocytic,normochromic rbc w o f best characterizes this anemia????
-
-hemolytic
-myelophthisic
-
-
both choices cause n n a doesnot it???
can somebody explain this for me,pls

I did loook up the net, ur right, this is indeed intresting question........maybe I'll into some basic textbook and see if I can dig into this querry

CT
 
ok my friends,
here is one more q for ya all

what is the most likely outcome of a patient who has periodontal dosease and abcessed teeth drains into medial soft tissue and another tooth shows a large carious lesion with pain

-
-
-development of chronic hepatitis
-development of hepatocellular carcinoma
-

????
 
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