No, it depends on what you are asked for. You can use both of the equations any time. From what I've seen in my previous practice problems, when they ask for Power, they either give you Work, Force, Time, Current, or Resistance. You have to know either two or three of them in order to find power.
You use P=IV and V=IR in series or parallel circuits. In those problems, you have to understand what's going on: in series, I is the same, whereas in parallel, V is the same.
Keep doing more passages/discretes and you will get used to understanding the difference.