In all seriousness, it takes more than a profile picture of you in a suit to make you qualified to discuss the legal system. If you'd like, though, I can bring this conversation to my department chair and the dean of the faculty to see how much legal action you can take over a syllabus violation. See, that means at least one of us will be in contact with facts.
I'm not a lawyer, but apparently
syllabi aren't legal documents and
educational malpractice claims are a bitch to get heard and win. They're rarely issues of professional misconduct and are usually cases alleging
a failure to provide services. The latter is a document from a lawyer specializing in education cases, so enjoy the read. It's fun. The take-home message is that in 99% of cases, it won't see the inside of a courtroom and in the remaining 1%, 99% of those cases will go to the defendant.
That said, threatening legal action will get the matter resolved because the university doesn't want to deal with the process of telling the student to go **** himself. It's easier to do an in-house reprimand and force the prof to make the change. Congrats, you've intimidated someone into getting what you want. Enjoy your grade and good luck getting a recommendation from anyone in the school. Also enjoy being treated like persona non grata in every class.
You see, we're not obligated to provide recommendations and we do talk to each other. If I know a student screwed over one of my colleagues and that student is in my class, that student can expect to enjoy treatment that is completely defensible and absolutely malicious. I am obligated to teach and to apply rules fairly...but that's on a macro scale. On a micro scale, it's my discretion.
There is a particular student whom we know loves to hop towards the administration. That student is in my class now. I am very careful around her. I try to ignore her as much as possible, so as not to arouse her ire, except when it comes to her tests. Then, she has my full attention. I sit down and I pore over her answers. If there's a barest hint of error, even of a single word, I take the points off. I am careful to document every reasoning and rationale. I am determined to make sure that no one can question my logic while merrily dropping that grade as low as I can. I would never change her answers or take off points for something that is correct, but she no longer gets the benefit of the doubt.
Only human.
And it's still a dick move on the part of that professor. Absolutely take the route of showing up at the department chair's office and then to the dean.