just finished the ortho match.
Darkmansaad:
You can usually begin sending out ERAS on September 1st, and most people in ortho do it in the first week of September. I have no idea if it makes a difference, since no programs even begin to contact you for interviews until early/mid-November, but this is just how everyone does it.
You can send out your ERAS in fragments, so all the stuff you are responsible for (CV, essay, etc) can go out on 9/1. But a lot of times the LoRs arent in yet, so they can go any time until the program's individual deadline (varies, but usually November 1st - some are in October though). Additionally, your Medical Student Performance Evaluation a.k.a. "Dean's Letter" will be sent on November 1st. Most ortho programs don't invite for interviews until after the dean's letter get in, which is completely the opposite of nearly every other specialty, so don't freak out when your friends applying for IM already have 8 interviews and you don't have any.
If you are doing an elective that ends in mid-October, it will be tough to get a LoR out of it, unless you ask the doc for it in the middle of the rotation (before you are done).
You can send a maximum of four LoRs to any program. Most asked for three, some two, one asked for four, some said "at least three." My rule of thumb was to do exactly what they asked for, unless they said "at least x" in which case I would send all four. Also note that some places will specify that they want a non-ortho or non-surgical LoR, so if you have one of those it would be good also, just in case. You can also send different letters to different programs, if you choose.