If your attitude is "IDGAF," maybe it's obvious and that's why he's being a hardass on you. It's also possible that you "get **** done" but it isn't actually done well (due to your lack of caring) and may require reanalysis or expansion in order to get it into a publishable state. Difficult to say without seeing the work, but if you literally DGAF then it could be garbage in/garbage out.
That being said, this is also why picking a PI who is closer to the top of the totem pole may not be in the best interest of a student. At his level, what does it matter if he pumps out another five pubs in a low-tier journal? He can chew on the data all he wants until he finds a story that makes it worthy of getting a higher-impact publication, which is about all that moves the needle for him at this point. If you want to work with a high-powered group, I would almost always recommend that a student find an instructor or assistant professor who works under the big-name but is still in the same situation of just wanting to publish anything quickly. It might mean you wind up being second or third author rather than first, but you'll be more productive.
As to what you can do in your situation, I have two suggestions. One, you can try to analyze some of these "obscurities." If he keeps asking you to analyze these things, and then you keep coming back to the meeting having not analyzed what he asked for... then the lack of progress is your fault. If you can demonstrate that indeed, these obscurities can't be analyzed or are not feasible from your data, then maybe he will let you move on. Alternately, if you are *sure* that these things cannot be analyzed, then just write the damn paper and send it to him. Once there's an actual tangible manuscript in his hands it may get his attention.