I would disagree that you should avoid the VA. The VA has a ton of NIH and VA funding for substance use treatment programs and clinical research so I wouldn't write it off as they're doing some cutting edge stuff.
Besides, both the programs OP is considering are affiliated with the VA there. Emory for example has a 21 bed SUD residential program at their VA and an IOP so you'll get higher levels of severity. They have high volume from their veteran population so you'd likely get more exposure in treating this patient population.
I would more so gather what kind of patients you'll see, what treatment modalities including medications you'll be using, and the quality of didactics and attending supervision.