Re the last few posts, also adding:
There are a lot of other factors that adcoms take into account, like geographic diversity. So I think if you come from a lesser known state like South Dakota, it does help a bit and that itself contributes to your "uniqueness". "Uniqueness" can also mean non-standard: if an Asian plays basketball on a high level, that is quite unique because Asians typically don't do that. If a Hispanic applicant played piano exceptionally, that's also atypical. In other words, going against the stereotypes of one's race is another way to be "unique". For better or worse, this seems to be the case. So all the tiger parents forcing their kids to play piano kind of end up hurting their kids in more ways than one...
There's no limit on it, but I think the one common way to assess your "uniqueness" is to ask yourself "How many other people would have X attribute or be able to do X at Y level?"
- Piano player? Tons of people play the piano well, so am I at a clearly exceptional level (not your parents saying you did great, it has to be backed up with awards)?
- Veteran double amputee - This is rare and someone like this pursuing medicine is even rarer
Here's a list of the things of people at our school that stick out and become their "thing", trying to exclude the bigger categories such as URM, H undergrads, big awards, etc.
- Competitive surfer
- Spent whole summer hiking the Appalachian trail solo
- Mushroom hunter
- Professional actor/model
- Pro soccer player
- Double amputee veteran
- Top graduate of airforce academy
- Large Nonprofit founder
- Division 3 football captain
- Firefighter for a decade+
- Silver Star (for saving a life in combat in Afghanistan)
- Person from Alaska, Iowa, etc
- Yearly boston marathon qualifier
- Worked at CDC for 3 years
- Consulted for several top companies eg Bain, McKinsley
- Professional dancer
- Equestrian
- College tennis capt
- Super good looking dude
- Cancer survivor
- Veteran w/ multiple Middle East tours
- Funded an African village with oil paintings of community members
- Really good music, athlete, other stuff
- Perfect MCAT (yea it's rare even here)
- 60+ pubs in NJEM, JAMA, Nature, et al
- Forbes 30 under 30
Of course having that one thing didn't get them in but its the combination of academics, something they're very passionate about and excelled at, and interpersonal skills, and always, a healthy dose of luck.
In the end, there's so many qualified people for medical school, the top schools seem to value as much what you do non-academically as your academics. But again, it's kind of come to the point where admissions becomes more and more ridiculous every year, and your goal shouldn't be to attend X institution, but rather to become the best physician, which is in the end, the ultimate goal. A lot of people who have these exceptional things worked really hard (skipped parties, etc) and sacrificed a lot that you may not appreciate on the surface and would not want to do just to attend X top school...You have to find a happy medium for how much you want to work - you could put in 10,000 hours to become a national level XYZ but does that make you happy? Would you risk your life in combat to save someone? Would you live in Alaska foregoing the city life you know? Always exceptions but seems like majority of people here who excel or have something special did it for the right reasons. Somehow it seems they weeded out the ones who were forced to do it pretty well. Clinical/medical school training doesn't vary that much from School #1 to School #143.
Don't have something extraordinary? You still have a shot, you just have to be a bit better than others at X institution in terms of numbers, interviewing (if you have only cookie-cutter ECs, numbers and can interview like Roger Federer and make people comfortable, then IMO you'd have a great shot of getting in), etc.