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Death rates rose when women started having babies in hospitals. Maternal mortality did not begin to fall until the late 1930s when antibiotics to treat infection were introduced and more stringent controls were placed on obstetric training and practices. Many factors contributed to reduced death rates including better living conditions, good nutrition, child spacing, and the development of blood transfusions, but moving birth into the hospital and under doctor control was not one of them.
Goer, Henci, The Thinking Womans Guide to a Better Birth(New York: Perigee Books, 1999),202.
First, I would recommend that when you want to try to use data to make an argument to physicians (whether on an internet forum or in your future life on the labor deck), you should refrain from directly quoting activist sources like Henci Goer. Feel free to take a look at her arguments, then look at her sources, then present the real data from those primary sources. Quoting an editorialized piece like Goers book makes you look sophomoric and unprofessional. Don't forget, Goer makes a good living off of her books and international speaking engagements by attacking the medical establishment. That makes her motives at least as questionable as the motives of the very establishment which she is attacking. btw kudos for including a reference, I was halfway through that paragraph and thinking of jumping on you for plagiarizing Goer when I noticed the reference.
20th century maternal mortality rates were highest during 1900-1930, a convenient time frame to pick when you want to make an argument against the medical establishment. During this time frame, obstetrics was the bastard stepchild of American medicine and was generally shunned by physicians. Care was provided by poorly trained/ untrained medical practitioners. Following the 1933 White House Conference on Child Health Protection, Fetal, Newborn, and Maternal Mortality and Morbidity, institutional practice guidelines and guidelines defining physician qualifications needed for hospital delivery privileges were developed.
It was in this time frame that the shift to institutionalized births took place. During 1938-1948, the proportion of infants born in hospitals increased from 55% to 90% and maternal mortality decreased by 71%. Changes in infant, childhood, and maternal mortality over the decade of 1939-1948: a graphic analysis. Washington, DC: Children's Bureau, Social Security Administration, 1950
Medical advances developed and advanced by PHYSICIANS (including the use of antibiotics, oxytocin to induce labor, and safe blood transfusion and better management of hypertensive conditions during pregnancy) were responsible for this decrease in mortality.
When you read the arguments of the "natural birth" crowd, you see that they typically are arguing against historical obstetric practice. I will leave it to the reader to consider whether this is mere ignorance or purposefully misleading. Meanwhile, obstetrics has made huge paradigm changes and has improved our practice.
Now, we have to ask ourselves where are we presently, 60 years later
Per WHO/ USAID
The most common direct causes of maternal death include severe bleeding, infection, consequences of unsafe abortions, hypertensive disorders, and obstructed labor. For every one woman who dies due to pregnancy or childbirth, another 30 experience a short or long term disability including anemia, infertility, and hormonal damage from severe bleeding. Women surviving infection during labor face pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, reproductive organ damage, and infertility. Obstructed or prolonged labor leads to incontinence, fistula, genital prolapse, uterine rupture, and nerve damage. Pregnancy-induced hypertension can be a precursor to chronic hypertension, kidney failure, or nervous system problems.
Note that nowhere on that list do you find "unnecessary" c-section or its sequelae as a major cause of maternal morbidity.
I would like to recommend a book to you because I honestly think you would find it to be a fascinating. It is an unbiased history of obstetric and midwifery practice as well as the history of maternal morbidity and mortality. Death in childbirth: an international study of maternal care and maternal mortality, 1800-1950 by Irvine Loudon.
Studies have shown that for healthy women home birth with a trained midwife (or doctor) is just as safe (if not safer*) than hospital births. There is no point in arguing that point - it has been very well established. *mortality rates are the same, morbidity rates are lower in a home birth
I will argue it because there is a point in arguing it. It has not been shown in any of the studies I have read, and in all likelihood it never will be shown. The existing studies are extremely biased and underpowered. If you have data to prove this point, present it.
There is actual hard data to support that when c-section rates fall below 15% for all comers, maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality is increased.
Birth is inherently risky, and anyone who says otherwise is kidding themselves.
Something we can all agree on.
...The feelings of failure are less pronounced when a women feels that she really tried all she could. And, please don't deny that many women feel like failures when they have c-sections.
And which group is propagating the attitude that these women have failed when they needed a c-section? Hint it isn't ACOG members.
I am sure there is more to say but lets just, for now, agree to disagree.
Oh you aren't getting out of it that easily. This is not politics or religion where two "right" answers can exist. This is medicine and patient outcomes are at stake. If you want to survive an OB residency, you had best give up that agree to disagree attitude quickly.
For starters, EFM over intermittent doppler which has not shown any benefit to infant mortality but has shown a large increase in cesearan rates. I believe 9 studies have shown this correlation.
Great. Did ANY of those studies show an INCREASE in morbidity and mortality secondary to the higher c-section rate? I would contend that the earlier you get the evidence of a bad baby, the earlier you get that baby out, the less morbidity and mortality you will experience even if you have a higher number of "unnecessary" c-sections.
The crux of the problem is that we will never know how many c-sections are "unnecessary" because there is no way to retrospectively look back and say exactly which babies would have successfully delivered vaginally if we had not done the c-section. Compare that to appendectomies where we can look at the appendix after it is out and say definitively whether it needed to come out or not. Even then we accept a certain percentage of unnecessary appendectomies, although that percentage is getting smaller as CT scans get better. Thank god we never had the natural appendicitis crowd trying to save our patients from the psychological trauma of undergoing unnecessary appendectomy.
Modern medicine should not be versus natural medicine. I am sure that you are a wonderful attending with many years experience, but how many homebirths have you attended? How many fully naturally unmonitered births?
Modern medicine absolutely must hold up a standard against any movement, that is primarily philosophically motivated. Medicine is data driven, not "experience" driven. It does not matter how many glorious home births you or I have experienced. What matters is the statistically most probable outcome for our patient. Until "natural" medicine gives up its philosophical experience driven thrust, and takes an impartial look at patient safety and outcomes, modern medicine must raise a standard against it.
I hope that I can be convinced from my beliefs enough to practice the way I need to in order to get through a residency.
You feel that I don't have evidence on my side of the debate - and I feel very strongly that I do
Beliefs are a dangerous way to practice medicine. If you have data on your side you need to present it. Believe me, I will listen. As a person with a long-term interest in this subject I am very familiar with the data on both sides. I can also tell you that I have left you some openings to present data against my argument, but so far you have not taken the opportunity to do so. Come on you are almost a doctor... start acting like it.