There is racism in America. It is a part of us as humans to be this way. I am convinced if we were all white then it would exist in another form such as "oh he's the red headed stepchild" and "gingers have no souls." There probably is in admissions of colleges, universities, and professional schools but the degree of it varies from geographic region to region and from school to school.
The problem is that it is a complex problem and everyone seems to want a simple solution to it. The current state that I've noticed is that various subgroups are blaming other subgroups, amounting to someone saying "XXXX has an unfair advantage." There are arguments that claim if we pretended race doesnt exist that the problem would fix itself, this is actually just preserving whatever the status quo is. It is also discussed in this concept:
http://abagond.wordpress.com/2008/05/31/colour-blind-racism/
Another problem is the idea that because a certain racial group has a problem, there is a feeling that the problems of other racial group is minimized. For example, "You think you have it bad as a black/asian/latino/female/trans/etc? well trust me, it's much worse for me as a black/asian/latino/female/trans/etc." This of course has the end effect of preserving the status quo. In the end if you are at the top of the status quo this is the perfect situation to be in. What I see, is a "blame the victim" mentality especially with regards to latinos (and African americans) that they are in their own situations because of their own XXXXXXXX. This also applies to Asians to some extent in the sense that because there are so many other successful asians, what's YOUR problem?
The various statements made in this thread, especially from the point of view of members of the various minority groups, carry an element of truth. It is true, that asians do have a higher bar in society, it is the double edged sword of being the "model minority." The discrimination that asians face, and I've seen this at my undergrad is when they truly need help, they do not get it because they supposedly achieve despite hardships. This has caused an increased but ignored suicide rate in the United States ( some info here:
http://suicideprevention.osu.edu/special-populations/minority-students/ ). The problem is exacerbated for asians who desire (on their own) to be medical doctors and have trouble along the way precisely because of the stereotypes that they are pushed into medicine. Here's some more info specifically on the model minority stereotype:
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/10/education/10asians.html
And something that somewhat touches on this:
Another problem that asians face, is after they "make it" to med school, the sciences or beyond, they have a glass ceiling:
http://www.nature.com/naturejobs/science/articles/10.1038/nj7430-125a
Across all sectors, Asians in US STEM careers are not reaching leadership positions at the same rate as white people, or even as members of other underrepresented groups
2. In academia, just 42% of Asian men are tenured, compared with 58% of white men, 49% of black men and 50% of Hispanic men. Just 21% of Asian women in academia are tenured, the lowest proportion for any ethnicity or gender. They are also least likely to be promoted to full professor.
Another article, despite being over-represented in medicine (
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/759734 ):
There are many Asian Americans in academic departments of surgery in the United States, but only a scant few have achieved the top leadership position of department chair, according to a
study publishedin the March issue of the
Annals of Surgery.
Latinos, who have recently become the largest minority group, surpassing African Americans, face institutional racism. Examples of this are attempts at english only laws that reach from official documents to elementary and secondary instruction. The problem is extremely apparent in the border states where "illegal immigration" is a big deal (politcally) because a child must worry that his or her family may be ripped apart. Some good information is here (pardon the poltiical bent in the editorial but the end result is the same with latinos getting an educational bum deal in the process):
http://voices.washingtonpost.com/answer-sheet/history/arizona-strikes-again-now-it-i.html
http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052748703572504575213883276427528
Something that REALLY highlights the institutional racism is this documentary:
http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/precious-knowledge/
here is the trailer:
I will not comment on African Americans because I believe the problems they face are pretty well documented but if it is desired I can underscore what has been mentioned.