Random high yield fact thread!

[lackli]

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Hey guys!

I know I waste waaaaay too much time in this area of sdn so I thought it would be cool/fun to have a thread where we can share associations we've come across in our studying that help tie things together. That way I can feel at least a little bit productive being on sdn.

Anyway my fact:

Minimal change disease has an association with Hodgkin's lymphoma. This is because minimal change disease is thought to be mediated through T cell cytokine release; which is why it responds so well to corticosteroids. What is the characteristic cell of Hodgkin's? The Reed-Sternberg cell. All those cytokines it cranks out to attract all those lymphocytes to surround it also contribute to minimal change disease pathology. (I know Reed-Sternberg cells are B-cell derived, but needless to say they don't behave in the same way your typical B-cell would).

 

[SlaveOfTCMC]

Membranous glomerulopathy:

Proteinuria is due to a defect in the pore slits

MCD/Lipoid nephrosis:

Albuminuria is due to a defect in lymphokine signaling --> decreased negative charge in the basement membrane.

 

[kstreet]

Macrolides and Clindamycin ----> blocking the trans-location step of translation (50S subunit); streptogramins may also work on the extrusion of the completed peptide.

Aminoglycosides ----> Prevent initiation complex by causing misreading of the mRNA code (30S subunit)

Chloremphenicol and cycloheximides ----> inhibit peptidyl transferase (50S subunit)

Tetracyclines, Streptogramins, and Linezolid ----> inhibit initiation complex formation by inhibiting the attachment of tRNA to the A site (30S subunit for tetracylin :50S subunit for streptogramins and linezolid)

Pencillins and cephalosporins ----> bind to PBP and inhibit transpeptidation of the cell wall

Flouroquinolones ----> inhibit topoisomeras II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV

Sulfonamides ----> blocking dihydropterate synthetase

Trimethoprim and pyrimethamine ----> blocks dihydrofolate reductase

Vancomycin ----> binds to D-Ala-D-Ala muramyl pentapeptide and halt transglycosylation of the peptidoglycan elongation in bacterial cell wall

Metronidazole ----> free radicals formation (needs oxygen to work)

Polymyxins ----> damages the membrane osmotic properties

INH ----> inhibit synthesis of mycolic acid

Rifampin ----> works on sigma factor needed for initiation of transcription

Ethambutol ----> inhibit synthesis of arabinogalactan a cell wall component of mycobacterium

Puromycin ----> attaches to A site and premature termination of translation