Exactly the reason why Affirmative Action was created, to level the playing field. As you correctly pointed out, "she is going to one of the top medical schools" on merit due to the fact that she was able to attend good schools; her parents might have gotten in via AA, she was accepted on merit.Very soon and in the not so distant future, Blacks will be able to compete with Whites in a fair and honest manner and Affirmative Action would by then be a thing of the past, not because it has not worked, but because it would no longer be necessary. The key word here is "disadvantaged."
Yes, I realized why it was created, but the point is that the way it was created is unfair, because it gives unfair advantages to people who may not need them, i.e. who are not disadvantaged, while skipping over the people who are disadvantaged, (and of course advantages to people who need them); that girl may have had merit to get into a top 15 school, but because of her race, she got into a top 5 school. We can't tell,but what difference does it make to the admissions committee? They see black, they automatically think disadvantaged, they accept.
I think part of the role of a med school adcom is to select a class of future docs that, collectively, will serve the needs of society. There are URM patient populations that are grossly underserved; if URM docs are more likely, on average, to practice in a capacity that addresses this need (I believe there is data to support this, but don't have a reference at hand), their URM status is a legitimate consideration in the admissions decision. This part of the argument has nothing to do with affirmative action or attempting to correct past injustices - it is simply a pragmatic attempt to fill a major hole in our medical care system. I think preference is often given to rural applicants for the similar reason that rural communities are often underserved and applicants from a rural background are, on average, more likely to practice there.
I can see the rural thing, but do blacks really go to primarily black docs (i.e. do most people stick to docs of their own race)? As an Asian, I have, in my lifetime, only seen one Asian doctor, even though there are tons of Asian docs around and I've had tons of doc appointments. That was never a consideration for me or my family. Other factors, such as location, were always more important in choosing a doctor. I can see why we'd want more, say Hispanic people, in order to bridge language gaps (provided the people they're accepting through affirmative action can actually speak Spanish), but blacks (African-Americans) speak English.
I seem to see two different purposes for affirmative action on this thread and in practical application: 1. for serving different communities, or b. changing the playing field for minorities. 1 is a good reason, but I have problems with 2 because that's what causes affirmative action to skip over people who need it and give unfair advantages to people who may not need them (for instance, IF that rich black girl was given an advantage, though I don't know her scores so I don't know if she was given an advantage).
Anyway, I think affirmative action is inherently unfair, because there actually do exist dirt-poor Asians/whites/etc. who struggled just as hard, and who may not be looked upon in the same manner as a black because of skin color. (And apparently we have not crossed the skin color bridge even though it's 2008.)
I know people will take issue with what I say but I think affirmative action just has too many holes and we'll probably just go round and round in circles, fruitlessly, about affirmative action so I'm going to make this my last post on this thread. (And I'm really not one for arguing, that's why I didn't become a lawyer or politician lol.)