YMMV, but my experiences in the boy scouts and as an eagle scout: starting from the age of 10: various physical and mental challenges that had to be passed in addition to moral and citizenship tests that required study and commitment to being a person of good "character". In order to advance to the next "rank" you had to meet with the "scoutmaster" and a committee where you did an interview and this committee then decided whether you were worthy of the next level. There were certain required badges in each rank that had to do with environmental science, citizenship, and first aid. If two scouts had a fight or something of the sort, or if the kids aren't able to resolve this, then the committee wouldn't advance the kid to the next "rank" in their interview until they had shown they are of good moral character. Various leadership opportunities allowed for kids to lead other kids. These responsibilities included planning meals for campouts, setting up camp, following various sterile procedures, and resolving disputes for younger kids in the troop. There were requirements on the health of meals that could be bought for campouts, and also there was prohibition on bringing electronic devices on campouts. In my troop of 60 people, there was an opportunity to be a Senior patrol leader where you have the opportunity to lead a large organization of 60 kids, usually at the age of 15-16. You as the 15-year-old kid would have to run all events whether fundraisers, campouts, or large cross country trips and come up with all of the logistics involved such as paperwork, finances/fundraising, and meeting points or carpools/plane tickets. In addition as a senior patrol leader you had to meet with the board which are the adult leaders who would give you guidance on the status of finances, how they think you are doing as a leader, and where the troop is in regards to recruitment and various other interpersonal conflicts.
I have just scratched the surface but the overall point of boy scouts was to make men of good moral character, with good work ethic, who are physically strong and mentally "awake". We also have an oath of 20 adjectives that all should follow in their lives and include trustworthiness and loyalty. Now of course there were some real f***s who got through and got their eagle scout, and I know plenty of people who are great and amazing who didn't finish, but the overall sentiment of those who become scouts is that they *will try* to follow this moral code in their lives.