There also seems to be more underemployed residency grads nowadays who end up in retail because they could not find even hospital staffing positions.
Unemployment for pharmacy residents is definitely a true fact, especially if the resident cannot find the position they desire within a short period of time. Most residency-trained pharmacists, however, work with the same company, hospital, or health system the pharmacy resident initially had the residency with. Others take a different direction entirely: the pharmaceutical industry. What I am not sure of is the frequency with which residents that just graduated pharmacy school are unemployed and if that frequency is increasing to levels not hyped up by posts. I am also not sure if it happens from multiple programs other than the Community Pharmacy Residencies. Some pharmacists are glad to not choose retail as their career, regardless of their training, especially given the relatively recent WalMart and Walgreens layoffs.
I do not think the issue is "finding" the staffing position. Positions are posted online with their requirements and each position requires an application. The issue is landing the position and being in the right place at the right time (for both the employer and the candidate). Some positions also require the candidate to live in the same area, which they may not be able to relocate quickly. The skill sets the resident has may not match the employer's needs or (dare I say) the candidate's needs and remote opportunities are hard to come by. Therefore, the residency graduate "chooses" retail out of default because they can't get their preferred option or an option period. All that training goes to waste and time cannot be gained back unless a similar position with the same skill sets that resident learned is attained within 2-3 years time (sooner if you need a job now). Plus, those loans are not going away forever and people need to pay them or have money to invest in their own careers. The preferences of the candidate are one way to look at this but another is the pressure the residents are under once their training is complete.
The other question involves two separate but related questions: which residency did the candidate accept and how does that residency training align with the position and the organization they are applying to? There are many different types: Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacy Practice, Critical Care, Cardiology, Ambulatory Care, Oncology, etcetera. A whole list can be found on the Board of Pharmacy Specialties website.
Every employer has different needs and metrics to attain. In retail for example, one metric is the number of flu shots per day. For hospital, it is how many patients are admitted for the same condition within 90 days (Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services or CMS). For academia, the metrics involve: how many academic papers are published (and hopefully the quality of those papers and the quality of journals they write in), how many organizations one was involved with, the level and extent of involvement in those organizations, and (hopefully constructive) feedback from students when they evaluate you as a professor or teacher. Whether adjunct, associate, or tenured, pharmacy professors are evaluated by a different set of performance measures than retail; they are all intense. The only thing that differs for these positions is the pay.
Measures of performance exist for any business, including education. In fact, performance measures are used to evaluate job candidates with the "What can you do for my organization?" mentality as opposed to "What can we do together?"
For those in dire straits, it takes a job to get a job. However, since residency seems to be the only way to advance in the clinical world for practicing pharmacists (5 years or more), individuals even working 1-3 years of retail will not be eligible to attain the Board Certification in another specialty because their practice hours were mostly retail and did not justify the requirement for that Cardiology, Psychiatry, Ambulatory Care, Pharmacotherapy, or any other specialty area. Granted there are individuals in retail that take the BCPS and pass, but that assumes their experience meets the eligibility criteria. The only way one will work in that specialty area is to gain the residency within those 1-3 years or be stuck in the rut that is discussed on these forums. By the way, guess who affirms those hours to send to the Board of Pharmacy Specialties: the employer or Director you work for!
How many people actually gain that experience as an MTM, retail, or independent pharmacist? Very few. This lack of advancement is one of the largest gripes I see in this site and the number of years experience counts for almost nothing. Some individuals know this and apply for residency early in their careers because they know they will be stuck later (or because they want to "specialize"). Even some residents after a PGY2 have to staff (i.e. work as a pharmacist) for a little bit.
I think pharmacists are picky about the positions they work in because they will not attain something more if they are not. and We have so few Board Certified individuals in those specialties (253 across the United States have a BCCP) because the majority of pharmacists default to retail, managed care, or order entry and do not keep up the skill sets they gained during pharmacy school. They also may be unable to land a position that allows those skills to be attained because employers pigeonhole them back into retail, which includes other pharmacists. If the resident or pharmacist works in retail or independent pharmacy for 3-5 years, they may attain a hospital position as a staff pharmacist or as a clinical pharmacist, but they will be ineligible for the associated Board Certification unless their experience involves the Board of Pharmacy Specialist's criteria for meeting those certification requirements. Unless such a position is attained within 1-2 years time, they are stuck in retail (SIR): they are SIRs or MAAMs as opposed to Doctors of Pharmacy and are treated as such due to practice setting and the types of patients they deal with. The only way for those veteran practicing pharmacists to advance in this way is to attain a PGY1 and/or a PGY2 (or get a hospital job somehow); there are very few residencies to go around unless the pharmacist wants to relocate or leave their families and social support behind.
From what I am seeing on these posts, many pharmacists want to settle down, not travel the globe to keep their career.