RANT HERE thread

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Cows have 4 chambered "stomachs" including the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. They have a spiral colon. Their extensive gut is designed to get as many nutrients as possible from the microbes that really make up their diet. (The grass feeds the bugs, the bugs feed the cow.)

Metabolic diseases make up a big part of their care. Even if they get something viral, it's the keto acidosis and milk fever that do them in (Unless the virus is bad ass, but that's a whole other chapter.) Reportables include Hoof and Mouth, BSE, and a few others.

Just follow the Calcium, sugars and water (milk components) in dairy cows.
yeah...not really related to the questions they ask on the NAVLE, but good try!

hardware disease, Johne's, and some toxic plants was more than enough for cows.
 
yeah...not really related to the questions they ask on the NAVLE, but good try!

hardware disease, Johne's, and some toxic plants was more than enough for cows.
I feel like half of my cow questions involved diarrhea at different stages of life, or had the answers:

A.) oxytet
B.) ceftiofur
C.) cull
D.) benign neglect

Eanie meanie Miney mo were my friends. Why they couldn't ask me about all those vesicular reportable diseases? I dunno.
 
yeah...not really related to the questions they ask on the NAVLE, but good try!

hardware disease, Johne's, and some toxic plants was more than enough for cows.
I was gonna be completely ridiculous and say "The cow says moo!" Then thought, what the hell: "A cow is a ruminent." And somehow my strung out brain changed it from funny to the first bit of my lecture to the strictly dog and cat vet techs I work with.

I gotta get some sleep! These damn kids took turns with naps today and I've got another 10 hour overnight with no sleep. Zombie ER tech!
 
I feel like half of my cow questions involved diarrhea at different stages of life, or had the answers:

A.) oxytet
B.) ceftiofur
C.) cull
D.) benign neglect

Eanie meanie Miney mo were my friends. Why they couldn't ask me about all those vesicular reportable diseases? I dunno.
yeah, there was a lot on diarrhea.
 
yeah, there was a lot on diarrhea.
Well yeah. A lot of figuring out which metabolic or infectious problem you've got is based on the presence or absence of diarrhea and the amount of wasted grain passed straight through. The cow has a giant, amazing gut. Milk and meat are just the covering that distract people from the fact that the cow is it's gut.
 
Way oversimplified, but I've also been told you'd do fine with just dogs, cats and horses.
None of those would really help you much at all for boards. The questions tend to be more like a story about some sick cows, where they give you background info on the farm, the signalment, symptoms and the answers are a list of treatments or prognoses, or comorbidities and such. It's uber annoying when you are like oh f*** yeah I know what disease that is!!!! And that's not the question. You're totally ****ed if you can narrow it down between like two diseases, and that's not the question.

The reason why you're fine knowing dogs cats and horses (as in know them really well), is because you can miss a ton of questions and still pass. Strategically it personally didn't make much sense to really invest the time/effort into studying cows and pigs at the level it would take to ace those sections. I probably got 50% for those species which is way more than enough if you do really well in other sections. I knew a ton about cows and pigs because of the vet school curriculum, and I could tell you a ton about them, but like how many mL of semen a pig produces and all that random crap sitting in the brain really doesn't help me answer boards questions. I still went through all my zuku prep for all species, but I just didn't care when certain topics didn't stick because it literally had no bearing on my future. Large animals toxicities in particular I just didn't care to study at all because it was way more effort than the couple of points it might score me on the NAVLE.

What's weird is that In all my mock exams I scored best on cats, then horses, then dogs even though I could give two s**** about equine med.
 
Everyone food animal related gets penicillin or oxytet. Or gets killed, if they're a chicken. I feel like I have an OK background on diseases from class, but we didn't focus much on treatment so, um, ahhhh!

I appreciate the fact that I had my only equine med block already and it was fairly slow, so we actually spent a good bit of time on navle stuff. I do well on cat/dog things, so I'm really not that stressed, just got a lot of cow questions wrong in a row there, haha.
 
I've heard there's a lot of questions on pig diarrhea and how the colour of the diarrhea can indicate what disease it is. I'd never heard of the colour indicating certain diseases until last week =/
 
I had questions on pig diarrhea. I don't recall anyone mentioning colour. I feel like it was usually more down to age.
Ditto. All the diarrhea questions had an age associated with it, which narrowed it down to like 4 or 5 diseases. Pretty sure one question mentioned diarrhea with a fetid odor, but not color. I remember wondering if that was supposed to be the same as septic tank smelling salmonella.

Pig abortion questions were also pretty hot topics.
 
Ditto. All the diarrhea questions had an age associated with it, which narrowed it down to like 4 or 5 diseases. Pretty sure one question mentioned diarrhea with a fetid odor, but not color. I remember wondering if that was supposed to be the same as septic tank smelling salmonella.

Pig abortion questions were also pretty hot topics.
had abortion questions for sure.
 
Everyone food animal related gets penicillin or oxytet. Or gets killed, if they're a chicken. I feel like I have an OK background on diseases from class, but we didn't focus much on treatment so, um, ahhhh!

I appreciate the fact that I had my only equine med block already and it was fairly slow, so we actually spent a good bit of time on navle stuff. I do well on cat/dog things, so I'm really not that stressed, just got a lot of cow questions wrong in a row there, haha.
you'll be fine - i knew nothing about large animals in general, didnt have any large animal rotations before navle, and managed to be able to remember my own name by the time i took it on week 5 of medicine. the odds were stacked against me, but i survived and you will too
 
On vetprep, they always like to throw in chloramphenicol on all the food animal questions. I think they're trying to see which idiots missed the 26516 times it was mentioned that drug is illegal. I'm one of such idiots as I picked it once when I had been studying for 5 hours straight. I stopped my studying for that day after that question.
 
Hoolllyy crap I know nothing about cows and I'm taking the NAVLE in a week.
freakout.gif

Have no fear. I knew (and know) nothing about them, and I somehow passed. They're big, kinda fun to work with, make milk, I like to eat them, and they have some weird four-chambered stomach or something. Oh. And they make lots of methane.
 
Cows have 4 chambered "stomachs" including the rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum. They have a spiral colon. Their extensive gut is designed to get as many nutrients as possible from the microbes that really make up their diet. (The grass feeds the bugs, the bugs feed the cow.)

Metabolic diseases make up a big part of their care. Even if they get something viral, it's the keto acidosis and milk fever that do them in (Unless the virus is bad ass, but that's a whole other chapter.) Reportables include Hoof and Mouth, BSE, and a few others.

Just follow the Calcium, sugars and water (milk components) in dairy cows.

Might wanna consider going to vet school first and finding out which things are actually emphasized on NAVLE. Just sayin'. (Really. No nastiness intended. Just ... not much of that is really what is emphasized except perhaps reportable diseases.)
 
Large animals toxicities in particular I just didn't care to study at all because it was way more effort than the couple of points it might score me on the NAVLE.

Man. We had similar approaches to it. I focused on doing very well on cats/dogs because a) it gives you a big chunk of the test, and b) it's what I intended to practice. If some cow or pig topic didn't stick - ignored it. The whole "recognize this plant leaf" toxicity thing? Literally didn't study it, because I'm HORRIBLE at identifying plants anyway. I had a vague idea of when to depopulate in production medicine. For reasons I never figured out, on all my practice tests and on VetPrep's tracking I scored best on equine ...

I mostly ignored exotics, camelids, avian.... I mean... I went through all the material, but I didn't kill myself trying to memorize it. Went for the recognition factor and rule-out-the-obvious stuff for that stuff. Easy enough to get yourself to 50% or so on those animals.
 
I had no questions that I can recall on pig diarrhea

I had a bunch. And yeah, the nature of the diarrhea was useful to know. I think. And erysipelas marks on the skin. And ... all that stuff. I agree with everyone about age - they went for that as a primary diagnostic piece of information. I remember for studying I drew a big timeline and put the various diseases on there and then studied off that.

But in the end, since the questions mostly went for "Here's all this stuff .... what's the treatment?" I just picked depopulate every time.

Nuke it from orbit. Only way to be sure.
 
Hahahahaha. Tonight is like an all-star line-up of "things you hospitalize on ER": 1 ibuprofen tox, 1 dka, 1 uo, 1 parvo, 1 panc, and 1 chf. Only missing a hbc, hge, and a couple others.
 
But in the end, since the questions mostly went for "Here's all this stuff .... what's the treatment?" I just picked depopulate every time.

Nuke it from orbit. Only way to be sure.

Except for pigs, i chose the grind up the piglet and spray the piglet juice on mom's snout. Cause, why the hell not?
 
I knew a ton about cows and pigs because of the vet school curriculum, and I could tell you a ton about them, but like how many mL of semen a pig produces and all that random crap sitting in the brain really doesn't help me answer boards questions.
I got excited when I saw this because I thought "OH! I know that one!" and then I saw you said it would not help answer board questions. 🙁

I have been doing the vetprep "daily dose" and I'm surprised at how many I get right. Do any of you think the daily dose helps at all? Obviously I have a lot of time before I even think about boards.
 
I get the NAVLE question of the day, just for funsies. Think I'm 5% of my way to being a vet :laugh:
 
we had a woman who called us in the morning and asked the receptionist if she should euthanize her dog, who has been seizuring for 2 days straight, because she does not have the money to hospitalize and the rectal valium isn't working. the receptionist of course asked me, the lowly neurology intern. i said she needs to see a vet. she of course comes to us, but the receptionist let her make an appointment in the late morning because she said she was not going to come through ER and wanted to speak with the neurologist. she comes in, the dog is actively seizuring. the neurologist comes in and goes "your dog is actively seizuring. we need to give her medications right now" and the woman said "SHE IS NOT!! YOU ARE LYING!!" and then finally started wailing and let us take the dog back and put an IVC in and give it some midazolam. we took the dog back to her, she said she was going to euthanize, then took up about 5 hours of one of our receptionists' time with telling her stories about the dog as it's basically on and off twitching (with the doctors coming in and giving midaz anytime it started back up). she finally euthanized, wouldn't speak with me or the neurologist again as she said we were too "brash" so one of the rotating interns went in and did it. she called back the next week and yelled at the receptionist who had literally spent 5 hours in the room with her for not personally calling to check on her. what the hell.
 
we had a woman who called us in the morning and asked the receptionist if she should euthanize her dog, who has been seizuring for 2 days straight, because she does not have the money to hospitalize and the rectal valium isn't working. the receptionist of course asked me, the lowly neurology intern. i said she needs to see a vet. she of course comes to us, but the receptionist let her make an appointment in the late morning because she said she was not going to come through ER and wanted to speak with the neurologist. she comes in, the dog is actively seizuring. the neurologist comes in and goes "your dog is actively seizuring. we need to give her medications right now" and the woman said "SHE IS NOT!! YOU ARE LYING!!" and then finally started wailing and let us take the dog back and put an IVC in and give it some midazolam. we took the dog back to her, she said she was going to euthanize, then took up about 5 hours of one of our receptionists' time with telling her stories about the dog as it's basically on and off twitching (with the doctors coming in and giving midaz anytime it started back up). she finally euthanized, wouldn't speak with me or the neurologist again as she said we were too "brash" so one of the rotating interns went in and did it. she called back the next week and yelled at the receptionist who had literally spent 5 hours in the room with her for not personally calling to check on her. what the hell.
sounds like a winner.
 
we had a woman who called us in the morning and asked the receptionist if she should euthanize her dog, who has been seizuring for 2 days straight, because she does not have the money to hospitalize and the rectal valium isn't working. the receptionist of course asked me, the lowly neurology intern. i said she needs to see a vet. she of course comes to us, but the receptionist let her make an appointment in the late morning because she said she was not going to come through ER and wanted to speak with the neurologist. she comes in, the dog is actively seizuring. the neurologist comes in and goes "your dog is actively seizuring. we need to give her medications right now" and the woman said "SHE IS NOT!! YOU ARE LYING!!" and then finally started wailing and let us take the dog back and put an IVC in and give it some midazolam. we took the dog back to her, she said she was going to euthanize, then took up about 5 hours of one of our receptionists' time with telling her stories about the dog as it's basically on and off twitching (with the doctors coming in and giving midaz anytime it started back up). she finally euthanized, wouldn't speak with me or the neurologist again as she said we were too "brash" so one of the rotating interns went in and did it. she called back the next week and yelled at the receptionist who had literally spent 5 hours in the room with her for not personally calling to check on her. what the hell.

Ugh. Some people!
 
I got excited when I saw this because I thought "OH! I know that one!" and then I saw you said it would not help answer board questions. 🙁

I have been doing the vetprep "daily dose" and I'm surprised at how many I get right. Do any of you think the daily dose helps at all? Obviously I have a lot of time before I even think about boards.

Yes, I think it helps some. Don't let it replace studying in the months ahead of the exam, obviously.

what about your cluster seizures/status epilepticus patient???

Nope nope nope. I have had my fill of seizuring patients. The last four have all been >10yr and hypoglycemic, which is pretty much never a good long-term prognosis. Why can't I just have the 2 year old lab I can diagnose with idiopathic epilepsy and pheno load?

I did have a metronidazole toxicity that was seizuring and ataxic 'n stuff. Does that count?


.
.
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Anyway. So we all have the "I have no monies but I wantz you to fix my dog" people. But. There are times I just don't understand what's going through their head. We had a client show up with a ... lame dog, I think (other than having my techs triage the case, I didn't look at it). They said "We have $3." (At least they warned us ahead of time!). They took a cab to get to us. We said "Payment is due at time of service."

"We can't pay."

"Ok, well, here's the number of a local vet who sometimes is willing to help people out with payment plans."

They call, and this local vet is willing to see them after hours at his clinic that he runs out of his home. On a Sunday night. They sit in our ER for an hour waiting for a ride to come get them. Three hours later they show up again in our ER, all mad and screaming at us because the local vet didn't come to their house like they were expecting (and that's somehow our fault). We asked "Didn't you go to his clinic?" They said "No. We thought he was coming to us."

Jesus people. You have no money, and you expect a vet to just drive out to your house late at night to give you free service. The guy is nice enough to give you service after hours knowing you probably won't end up paying him .......... and you get bitchy because he's not making it a house-call, too.

This is why I never, ever, ever, ever, ever offer free service to people who ask for it. Those are the people that never STOP asking for things, and they're the people who start screaming the minute you draw a line in the sand about how much free care to give. I occasionally look the other way about charging for some things for people who don't ask but obviously need it. They're usually the grateful ones who understand they're receiving a gift.

Anyway. Not really a rant, because it made me laugh more than anything. But .... man .... amazing what people expect. I so badly want to load up my grocery cart, get to the front, and say "Um... I can't pay. But I need to eat. So I can just take these, right?"
 
Oh man this surgery rotation is going to get old really quick. I just don't know how excited I can get about standing around for a couple hours and then putting skin sutures in things...
 
Sent my pup off to a new home today. Shed a lot of tears over it, but my male dog hated him and I couldn't risk this pup A) getting hurt or B) learning bad habits- he was growling back at my male dog and not in a nice way.

The family that's taking him lost their GSD a few months ago and have been looking for another. Fingers crossed it works out for this awesome pup.

Snuggling with my two dogs and trying not to feel too heartbroken. Its amazing how attached you can get in less than a week.
 
Oh man this surgery rotation is going to get old really quick. I just don't know how excited I can get about standing around for a couple hours and then putting skin sutures in things...

We didn't even get to place skin sutures. At least you have that?

Overall, surgery rotations seem rather pointless other than to be a report writer and instrument holder.
 
Sent my pup off to a new home today. Shed a lot of tears over it, but my male dog hated him and I couldn't risk this pup A) getting hurt or B) learning bad habits- he was growling back at my male dog and not in a nice way.

The family that's taking him lost their GSD a few months ago and have been looking for another. Fingers crossed it works out for this awesome pup.

Snuggling with my two dogs and trying not to feel too heartbroken. Its amazing how attached you can get in less than a week.

🙁 I'm sorry.
 
Sent my pup off to a new home today. Shed a lot of tears over it, but my male dog hated him and I couldn't risk this pup A) getting hurt or B) learning bad habits- he was growling back at my male dog and not in a nice way.

The family that's taking him lost their GSD a few months ago and have been looking for another. Fingers crossed it works out for this awesome pup.

Snuggling with my two dogs and trying not to feel too heartbroken. Its amazing how attached you can get in less than a week.
that sucks. I'm sorry you had to make the decision, but it sounds like it was the right one.
 
Oh man this surgery rotation is going to get old really quick. I just don't know how excited I can get about standing around for a couple hours and then putting skin sutures in things...
That's way more than I ever did there. Typically I stood scrubbed in about 10ft away from the table because there was also a pair of residents and 2 seniors scrubbed in too
 
That's way more than I ever did there. Typically I stood scrubbed in about 10ft away from the table because there was also a pair of residents and 2 seniors scrubbed in too

That is crazy. So you can complete fourth year without ever really doing surgery?

Do you guys get to do the smaller procedures (like lacerations or small lump removals) when they come in?
 
That's way more than I ever did there. Typically I stood scrubbed in about 10ft away from the table because there was also a pair of residents and 2 seniors scrubbed in too
God, that sucks. I definitely feel lucky to have had the exposure I've had and to have had so many solo surgeries.
That is crazy. So you can complete fourth year without ever really doing surgery?

Do you guys get to do the smaller procedures (like lacerations or small lump removals) when they come in?
Yes. Most new grads that I know do about 1 spay before graduating and a decent amount of them don't do the whole thing.
 
That is crazy. So you can complete fourth year without ever really doing surgery?

Do you guys get to do the smaller procedures (like lacerations or small lump removals) when they come in?

It varies. There are schools where you get more hands-on. But at many of the vet schools .... not so much. Problem with 'smaller procedures' (don't get conned into thinking a laceration or lump removal are 'lesser' procedures just because most of the time they are.... they can turn nasty quickly) is that in many teaching hospitals the Surgery Service owns many of those procedures by protocol. As in, there are rules in place than any mass removals (for instance) go through the Surgery Service. So you end up not doing them because the hierarchy in that realm is very structured: staff -> resident -> intern ( -> 4th yr student ). You're just too low on the totem pole for much to land in your lap.

At UMN you might do a spay/neuter through the General Practice rotation. You definitely could suture up a laceration through ECC, depending on which doctor (staff, resident, intern) owns the case and how magnanimous they are feeling that day. ECC tended to be pretty good about having students do procedures when the animal was stable.

Most schools now have some sort of spay/neuter/shelter type of rotation where you do a bunch of spays/neuters, at least. And there are always externships at high-volume spay/neuter places (along with surgery at GPs, emergency procedures at ERs, etc). UMN's spay/neuter rotation was ... ok. Not even close to 'high volume' - I did a grand total of 10 procedures on the entire 2-week rotation because you basically partner up and get 2 procedures a day. So you cut one, then do anesthesia for your partner for the other. On my high-volume rotation I did ... I dunno ... more than 100 procedures. So that was much more tissue handling experience.

So you COULD get through 4th yr without doing any surgery, but if you want experience it's out there to get if you just try and look for it. I do know someone whose sum total of surgery experience in vet school was our second year spay/neuter ...... and we opened up our animal to find it had already been spayed. We just located the uterine stump to be sure, said "donesies," and closed the poor animal up. (Side note: I believe in tattooing for just this reason.)
 
My local news channel posted an article about head lice today. For some reason, I decided to scroll through the comments. "Just use dog flea/tick shampoo. It's the exact same product in a different bottle. I use it on my kids all the time."

:whistle: + +pissed+
 
Walked into class today, went over to my table, and saw a girl in the corner with a pitbull wearing a service vest. Immediately became aware of the dog's demeanor, the body language was clear as day. Of course, Corky's tail's wagging as he loves everything on the face of this earth. I put him in a down stay under the desk and the pitbull goes nuts; starts barking and lunges at my dog.

I proceeded to ask the girl the 2 questions you're legally allowed to ask regarding service dogs. She answered the first "He's for anxiety." That gave it away immediately, emotional support animals are not service animals. She answered the second question, "Well, ummm, nothing yet, but he's starting training this week." I said to her, "Mam, I'm asking you respectfully to please leave, you cannot have this dog in public. He was quite aggressive towards my dog. I'd like to talk to you outside the class for a second if you don't mind."

I made sure the situation was under control, went outside less than 10 seconds later, and she had bolted. It's really sad, because the dog clearly had fake service gear on, and according to other people in the class, she had just rescued this dog a week before and told some people "He doesn't really do well around other people and animals." Well then wtf is he doing in public? Really sad how people take advantage of the system; laws surrounding service animals need to be tightened down.
 
Walked into class today, went over to my table, and saw a girl in the corner with a pitbull wearing a service vest. Immediately became aware of the dog's demeanor, the body language was clear as day. Of course, Corky's tail's wagging as he loves everything on the face of this earth. I put him in a down stay under the desk and the pitbull goes nuts; starts barking and lunges at my dog.

I proceeded to ask the girl the 2 questions you're legally allowed to ask regarding service dogs. She answered the first "He's for anxiety." That gave it away immediately, emotional support animals are not service animals. She answered the second question, "Well, ummm, nothing yet, but he's starting training this week." I said to her, "Mam, I'm asking you respectfully to please leave, you cannot have this dog in public. He was quite aggressive towards my dog. I'd like to talk to you outside the class for a second if you don't mind."

I made sure the situation was under control, went outside less than 10 seconds later, and she had bolted. It's really sad, because the dog clearly had fake service gear on, and according to other people in the class, she had just rescued this dog a week before and told some people "He doesn't really do well around other people and animals." Well then wtf is he doing in public? Really sad how people take advantage of the system; laws surrounding service animals need to be tightened down.

That is so frustrating. There was a lady in Walmart once with a hound puppy with no leash in the middle of the toy section.. It had just peed on the floor and she was arguing with another angry shopper that it was her "emotional support animal".
That is seriously so unfortunate. My SO claimed service dog once when our car was broken down and we had to take the bus home and we had her with us (that was 4 years ago and we both felt awful afterwards), but my dog could really be a service dog because she is so well behaved and sits quietly if told to do so thanks to her days as a support animal at a nursing home. That's so irresponsible to have an aggressive/unpredictable dog around others 🙁 so sad.
 
Walked into class today, went over to my table, and saw a girl in the corner with a pitbull wearing a service vest. Immediately became aware of the dog's demeanor, the body language was clear as day. Of course, Corky's tail's wagging as he loves everything on the face of this earth. I put him in a down stay under the desk and the pitbull goes nuts; starts barking and lunges at my dog.

I proceeded to ask the girl the 2 questions you're legally allowed to ask regarding service dogs. She answered the first "He's for anxiety." That gave it away immediately, emotional support animals are not service animals. She answered the second question, "Well, ummm, nothing yet, but he's starting training this week." I said to her, "Mam, I'm asking you respectfully to please leave, you cannot have this dog in public. He was quite aggressive towards my dog. I'd like to talk to you outside the class for a second if you don't mind."

I made sure the situation was under control, went outside less than 10 seconds later, and she had bolted. It's really sad, because the dog clearly had fake service gear on, and according to other people in the class, she had just rescued this dog a week before and told some people "He doesn't really do well around other people and animals." Well then wtf is he doing in public? Really sad how people take advantage of the system; laws surrounding service animals need to be tightened down.

Biggest pet peeve of mine.

What boggles my mind is that many island students will do this to get their dogs on planes to get to and from the islands during vet school. I don't know if it happens more or less in different island schools but it definitely happens or at least used to in recent years (and people even advertise that this is what other students should do to bypass travel issues).
 
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Yes. Most new grads that I know do about 1 spay before graduating and a decent amount of them don't do the whole thing.

What school are they graduating from?

Cause I know a bunch of people who have graduated from a bunch of different vet schools, and I don't know a single person who only has had 1 spay (Nevermind didn't do the whole thing part). I don't think that's normal.

There are certainly some people who only have a few surgeries, but I think that's also a minority of people. Majority of people I know were motivated enough to have at least a dozen surgeries prior to graduation.
 
This is why I never, ever, ever, ever, ever offer free service to people who ask for it. Those are the people that never STOP asking for things, and they're the people who start screaming the minute you draw a line in the sand about how much free care to give.

Yeah. My vet clinic helps people out sometimes. One time they helped my family's dog out when we'd run out of money and I was super grateful. And we hadn't asked. I felt super honored and probably thanked them 9999 times. And I DEFINITELY don't expect it to happen ever again. I pay my bills and don't bitch 😉

And I think it worked out in their favor because it's part of why I like the clinic so much and am very happy to spend my money there lol xD

I worry about them getting in legal trouble, though. There have been several stories in the paper about the head vet and pets that had been signed over for euthanasia. They had treatable conditions but the owners couldn't afford treatment. Well the head vet would sometimes be overcome with pity for these dogs and be unable to euthanize them. So he'd do their treatment for free. Then he'd call the family up and tell them that, guess what, their dog is not dead and he fixed it for free.

That's very sweet of him, but does he put himself in legal danger when he doesn't euthanize an animal he was supposed to euthanize?
 
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